Search SEDIS
| Data sets | Publications | Expeditions | Thesaurus |
R  |
|---|
| R waves | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rayleigh waves |
| Ra | |
|---|---|
| USE | radium |
| Ra-226 | |
|---|---|
| BT | isotopes |
| .radioactive isotopes | |
| ..Ra-226 | |
| BT | metals |
| .alkaline earth metals | |
| ..radium | |
| ...Ra-226 | |
| RT | Ra-228/Ra-226 |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Ra-226/Th-230 | |
|---|---|
| USE | Th-230/Ra-226 |
| Ra-228 | |
|---|---|
| BT | isotopes |
| .radioactive isotopes | |
| ..Ra-228 | |
| BT | metals |
| .alkaline earth metals | |
| ..radium | |
| ...Ra-228 | |
| RT | Ra-228/Ra-226 |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Ra-228/Ra-226 | |
|---|---|
| BT | isotopes |
| .radioactive isotopes | |
| ..Ra-228/Ra-226 | |
| BT | metals |
| .alkaline earth metals | |
| ..radium | |
| ...Ra-228/Ra-226 | |
| RT | isotope ratios |
| Ra-226 | |
| Ra-228 | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Raasay | |
|---|---|
| BT | brides |
| .Inner Hebrides | |
| ..Raasay | |
| BT | ghland region Scotland |
| .Inverness-shire Scotland | |
| ..Raasay | |
| SN | Island of the Inner Hebrides NE of Isle of Skye off NW Scotland. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rabat | |
|---|---|
| SN | No longer a valid term for GeoRef. |
| Rabat Morocco | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .North Africa | |
| ..Morocco | |
| ...Rabat Morocco | |
| SN | City on the Atlantic Ocean in NW Morocco. |
| Rabaul Caldera | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Papua New Guinea | |
| ..Bismarck Archipelago | |
| ...Rabaul Caldera | |
| RT | New Britain |
| SN | On New Britain Island. |
| Rabbit Lake Deposit | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Saskatchewan | |
| ...Rabbit Lake Deposit | |
| RT | uranium ores |
| Rabbit Lake Saskatchewan | |
| SN | Uranium deposit in central Saskatchewan. Before 1993, also search Rabbit Lake Saskatchewan and uranium ores. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Rabbit Lake Saskatchewan | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Saskatchewan | |
| ...Rabbit Lake Saskatchewan | |
| RT | Rabbit Lake Deposit |
| SN | Town. Location of uranium deposit in central Saskatchewan. |
| Rabun County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Rabun County Georgia | |
| SN | Extreme NE Georgia. |
| racemization | |
|---|---|
| RT | amino acids |
| aminostratigraphy | |
| epimerization | |
| geochronology | |
| relative age | |
| SN | For the age method, also index amino acids and relative age as applicable. |
| Racha | |
|---|---|
| RT | Georgian Republic |
| Greater Caucasus | |
| Racha earthquake 1991 | |
| SN | Region of the Greater Caucasus, N Georgian Republic. May also be used in other locations. Search in combination with country. Indexed with Greater Caucasus and/or Georgian Republic as applicable. |
| Racha earthquake 1991 | |
|---|---|
| BT | earthquakes |
| .Racha earthquake 1991 | |
| RT | Georgian Republic |
| Greater Caucasus | |
| Racha | |
| SN | Epicenter in Greater Caucasus, N central Georgian Republic. |
| Raciborz Poland | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Poland | |
| ...Katowice Poland | |
| ....Raciborz Poland | |
| UF | Ratibor Poland |
| SN | City on Oder River in SW Katowice, S Poland. |
| Racine County Wisconsin | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wisconsin | |
| ..Racine County Wisconsin | |
| RT | Root River |
| SN | Extreme SE Wisconsin. |
| Racine Dolomite | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Silurian | |
| ....Middle Silurian | |
| .....Niagaran | |
| ......Racine Dolomite | |
| RT | Illinois |
| Wisconsin | |
| Michigan | |
| SN | NE Illinois, N Michigan and SE Wisconsin. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| RADAM | |
|---|---|
| RT | Brazil |
| electromagnetic methods | |
| radar methods | |
| remote sensing | |
| SN | Remote sensing survey of Brazil. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| radar | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1977. After 1977, use radar methods. |
| radar exploration | |
|---|---|
| USE | radar methods |
| radial faults | |
|---|---|
| BT | faults |
| .radial faults | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search faults AND radial. |
| radial flow | |
|---|---|
| RT | fluid dynamics |
| hydraulics | |
| hydrodynamics | |
| hydrology | |
| steady flow | |
| unsteady flow | |
| SN | For ground water, also index movement. |
| radiation | |
|---|---|
| SN | No longer a valid term for GeoRef. See adaptive radiation, radioactivity, background radiation, electromagnetic radiation, synchrotron radiation, radiation damage, wave dispersion, or propagation. |
| radiation damag |
|---|
| radiation damage | |
|---|---|
| UF | damage, radiation |
| RT | geochronology |
| relative age | |
| cosmic rays | |
| radioactivity | |
| fission-track dating | |
| fission tracks | |
| particle tracks | |
| particle-track dating | |
| metamict minerals | |
| metamictization | |
| radiation dosimetry | |
|---|---|
| USE | dosimetry |
| radio-frequency spectroscopy | |
|---|---|
| BT | spectroscopy |
| .radio-frequency spectroscopy | |
| RT | chemical analysis |
| analysis | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search spectroscopy AND radio frequency. |
| radio-wave methods | |
|---|---|
| UF | radiowave methods |
| RT | geophysical surveys |
| methods | |
| electromagnetic waves | |
| radar methods | |
| electromagnetic radiation | |
| ground-penetrating radar | |
| SN | Before 1978 search radio waves. |
| radioactiv |
|---|
| radioactivation analysis | |
|---|---|
| USE | activation analysis |
| radioactive decay | |
|---|---|
| UF | decay, radioactive |
| RT | absolute age |
| isotopes | |
| SN | Before 1978, search decay AND radioactive. |
| radioactive elements | |
|---|---|
| USE | radioactive isotopes |
| radioactive fallout | |
|---|---|
| USE | fallout |
| radioactive materials | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef index term after 1968. See isotopes; radioactivity; radioactive tracers; radioactive waste; radioactive isotopes. |
| radioactive minerals | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef index term after 1970. See radioactivity; minerals. |
| radioactive tracers | |
|---|---|
| RT | aerosols |
| Chernobyl nuclear accident | |
| ground water | |
| hydrogeology | |
| hydrology | |
| isotopes | |
| radioactivity | |
| surface water | |
| tracers | |
| radioactive waste repositories | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. After 1993, see storage or underground storage or radioactive waste, waste disposal, or waste disposal sites. |
| radioactive-waste disposal | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef index term after 1970. Used in subfile N. After 1992, use radioactive waste with waste disposal or waste disposal sites. Also see storage or underground storage. |
| radioactivity | |
|---|---|
| RT | alpha rays |
| alpha-ray spectroscopy | |
| autoradiography | |
| beta rays | |
| Chernobyl nuclear accident | |
| cosmic rays | |
| dosimetry | |
| electromagnetic radiation | |
| engineering geology | |
| fallout | |
| fission tracks | |
| gamma rays | |
| gamma-gamma methods | |
| gamma-ray methods | |
| gamma-ray spectroscopy | |
| heat | |
| SN | For natural or induced radioactivity. Before 1972, also search nucleosynthesis. Before 1978, also search radiometric; radiometry. |
| radioactivity exploration | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef index term after 1971. Used in subfiles G and N. Now use radioactivity or radioactivity methods. |
| radioactivity logging | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef term after 1970. Used in subfile N. Use well-logging and radioactivity. |
| radioactivity methods | |
|---|---|
| BT | geophysical methods |
| .radioactivity methods | |
| RT | geophysical surveys |
| radioactivity | |
| dosimetry | |
| radon emanometry | |
| gamma-ray methods | |
| radioactivity survey maps | |
| liquid scintillation methods | |
| neutron methods | |
| SN | For surveys, search with geophysical surveys and an area. For surveys, also index geophysical surveys and the area. |
| radioactivity survey maps | |
|---|---|
| BT | maps |
| .radioactivity survey maps | |
| RT | geophysical survey maps |
| radioactivity methods | |
| SN | Also search maps AND geophysical surveys AND radioactivity methods with area. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| radiocarbon dating | |
|---|---|
| USE | C-14 |
| radiochemical analysis | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef index term after 1970. Use chemical analysis or isotopes as applicable. |
| radiography | |
|---|---|
| NT | autoradiography |
| RT | X-ray radiography |
| radiography, X-ray | |
|---|---|
| USE | X-ray radiography |
| Radiolaria | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Radiolaria | |
| NT | Osculosida |
| Porulosida | |
| Spumellina | |
| RT | microfossils |
| plankton | |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| radiolarite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary rocks |
| .clastic rocks | |
| ..radiolarite | |
| radiometers | |
|---|---|
| SN | See AVHRR if applicable. This term could be used for microwave thermal emission methods or for sensing various kinds of radiant energy including radioactivity. |
| radiometric properties | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. Term was introduced in 1978. See radioactivity. |
| radionuclides | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1978. After 1978 use radioactive isotopes. |
| radiowave methods | |
|---|---|
| USE | radio-wave methods |
| radium | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .alkaline earth metals | |
| ..radium | |
| NT | Ra-226 |
| Ra-228 | |
| Ra-228/Ra-226 | |
| Th-230/Ra-226 | |
| UF | Ra |
| RT | isotopes |
| uranium | |
| Radnorshire Wales | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..United Kingdom | |
| ...Great Britain | |
| ....Wales | |
| .....Powys Wales | |
| ......Radnorshire Wales | |
| SN | Former county E Wales. As of April 1974, part of Powys. |
| radon | |
|---|---|
| BT | noble gases |
| .radon | |
| NT | Rn-220 |
| Rn-222 | |
| UF | Rn |
| RT | isotopes |
| radon emanometry | |
| radon emanometry | |
|---|---|
| RT | chemical analysis |
| dosimetry | |
| earthquake prediction | |
| earthquakes | |
| eruptions | |
| gas chromatography | |
| geochemical methods | |
| mineral exploration | |
| precursors | |
| radioactivity methods | |
| radon | |
| soil gases | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Radon transforms | |
|---|---|
| UF | slant stacks |
| RT | seismic methods |
| tomography | |
| mathematical transformations | |
| SN | Integral of physical property of an object along a given line or energy transit path. Before 1993, also search Radon transformations. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| radon-222 | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rn-222 |
| Radstock Bay | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Northwest Territories | |
| ..Franklin District Northwest Territories | |
| ...Queen Elizabeth Islands | |
| ....Devon Island | |
| .....Radstock Bay | |
| SN | SW coast of Devon Island on Lancaster Sound in Franklin District. |
| Rae Province | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Canadian Shield | |
| ..Churchill Province | |
| ...Rae Province | |
| RT | Alberta |
| Canada | |
| Saskatchewan | |
| Quebec | |
| Northwest Territories | |
| Labrador | |
| SN | Part of Churchill composite structural province of the N Canadian Shield. Archean-Proterozoic. Indexed with Canadian provinces as applicable. |
| raft foundations | |
|---|---|
| RT | buildings |
| foundations | |
| ice rafting | |
| settlement | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Raft River | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Raft River | |
| RT | Idaho |
| Utah | |
| Raft River basin | |
| SN | In N Utah and S Idaho. Indexed with states as applicable. |
| Raft River basin | |
|---|---|
| RT | Idaho |
| Raft River | |
| United States | |
| Utah | |
| SN | Also search Raft River. May occur in several locations. Indexed with states or regions as applicable. |
| rafting, ice | |
|---|---|
| USE | ice rafting |
| Ragavapuram Shales | |
|---|---|
| USE | Raghavapuram Shales |
| Raghavapuram Shales | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Jurassic | |
| ....Upper Jurassic | |
| .....Raghavapuram Shales | |
| UF | Ragavapuram Shales |
| RT | India |
| Andhra Pradesh India | |
| SN | Also search Raghavapuram. |
| Railroad Valley | |
|---|---|
| RT | Grant Canyon Field |
| Nye County Nevada | |
| SN | SE central Nevada. Also in other locations. Indexed with county or region as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| railroads | |
|---|---|
| UF | railways |
| RT | land subsidence |
| embankments | |
| slope stability | |
| seismic response | |
| engineering geology | |
| environmental geology | |
| land use | |
| soil mechanics | |
| construction | |
| foundations | |
| highways | |
| tunnels | |
| site exploration | |
| engineering properties | |
| planning | |
| subways | |
| SN | Used for geological or geotechnical studies pertaining in some way to railroad tracks and materials. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| railways | |
|---|---|
| USE | railroads |
| rain | |
|---|---|
| BT | atmospheric precipitation |
| .rain | |
| NT | acid rain |
| RT | water |
| hydrology | |
| hydrosphere | |
| meltwater | |
| SN | Also search rainfall. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| rain forests | |
|---|---|
| BT | forests |
| .rain forests | |
| UF | rainforests |
| RT | environmental geology |
| land use | |
| natural resources | |
| tropical environment | |
| vegetation | |
| temperate environment | |
| SN | Also index tropical environment or temperate environment as applicable. |
| Rainbow Mountain | |
|---|---|
| RT | Alaska Range |
| Valley County Idaho | |
| SN | Peak in Salmon River Mountains in Valley County, W central Idaho. Also in the Alaska Range. Indexed with county and mountain range as applicable. |
| raindro |
|---|
| raindrops | |
|---|---|
| RT | atmospheric precipitation |
| clouds | |
| droplets | |
| humidity | |
| meteorology | |
| rainfall | |
| water | |
| rainfall | |
|---|---|
| RT | acid rain |
| atmospheric precipitation | |
| drought | |
| hydrology | |
| raindrops | |
| watersheds | |
| rainforests | |
|---|---|
| USE | rain forests |
| Rainier Mesa | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nevada | |
| ..Nye County Nevada | |
| ...Rainier Mesa | |
| RT | Nevada Test Site |
| SN | Outlier of the Belted Range, in NW portion of the Nevada Test Site. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Rains County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Rains County Texas | |
| Rainy Lake | |
|---|---|
| RT | Koochiching County Minnesota |
| Minnesota | |
| North America | |
| Ontario | |
| Saint Louis County Minnesota | |
| SN | On border of Rainy River District Ontario and N Minnesota. May occur in other locations. Indexed with North America or Minnesota counties and/or Rainy River District Ontario as applicable. |
| Rainy River | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Rainy River | |
| RT | Ontario |
| Minnesota | |
| SN | Flows from Rainy Lake to Lake of the Woods. Indexed with Minnesota and/or Ontario as applicable. |
| Rainy River District Ontario | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Ontario | |
| ...Rainy River District Ontario | |
| NT | Atikokan Ontario |
| SN | NW Ontario, on the border with Minnesota. Before 1989, also search Rainy River AND Ontario. |
| Raipur India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Madhya Pradesh India | |
| ....Raipur India | |
| SN | City in SE Madhya Pradesh, central India. |
| raised b |
|---|
| raised beaches | |
|---|---|
| BT | shore features |
| .raised beaches | |
| RT | glacial geology |
| shorelines | |
| beaches | |
| sea-level changes | |
| marine terraces | |
| lacustrine features | |
| benches | |
| terraces | |
| neotectonics | |
| uplifts | |
| emergent coastlines | |
| regression | |
| SN | Indexed with lacustrine features and/or beaches as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rajahmundry India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Andhra Pradesh India | |
| ....Rajahmundry India | |
| SN | City in NE Andhra Pradesh, central India. |
| Rajgir India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Bihar India | |
| ....Rajgir India | |
| SN | Village in N central Bihar, E India. |
| Rajmahal Hills | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Bihar India | |
| ....Rajmahal Hills | |
| RT | Amarjola |
| SN | Low range of hills S and W of the Ganges River in E Bihar, E India. |
| Rajmahal India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Bihar India | |
| ....Rajmahal India | |
| SN | Town in E Bihar, E India. |
| Rajmahal Series | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Jurassic | |
| ....Rajmahal Series | |
| RT | India |
| Bangladesh | |
| SN | Bangladesh and NE India. Includes grits and shales intercalated in trap flows. Also search Rajmahal Traps if applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Rakhov Massif | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Ukraine | |
| ..Ukrainian Carpathians | |
| ...Rakhov Massif | |
| RT | Transcarpathia Ukraine |
| SN | In central Carpathian Mountains of Transcarpathian Oblast. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rakhov Ukraine | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Ukraine | |
| ..Transcarpathia Ukraine | |
| ...Rakhov Ukraine | |
| SN | Town in Transcarpathian Oblast in W Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Raleigh Belt | |
|---|---|
| RT | Appalachians |
| Carolina slate belt | |
| North Carolina | |
| Piedmont | |
| SN | Metamorphic belt in central North Carolina. Indexed with counties or region as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Raleigh County West Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .West Virginia | |
| ..Raleigh County West Virginia | |
| SN | S West Virginia. |
| Ralls County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Ralls County Missouri | |
| Raman | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1977. After 1977, see Raman spectra or Raman spectroscopy. |
| Raman spectra | |
|---|---|
| BT | spectra |
| .Raman spectra | |
| RT | spectroscopy |
| vibrational spectra | |
| Raman spectroscopy | |
| SN | Used for data. For methodology, use Raman spectroscopy. Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| Raman spectroscopy | |
|---|---|
| BT | spectroscopy |
| .Raman spectroscopy | |
| RT | chemical analysis |
| analysis | |
| Raman spectra | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search spectroscopy AND Raman. As of 1982, for methodology only; use Raman spectra for data. |
| Ramapithecus | |
|---|---|
| BT | minidae |
| .Ramapithecus | |
| RT | Pongidae |
| Sivapithecus | |
| SN | Genus. Sometimes classed under the Pongidae. Often included with Sivapithecus. Also search Sivapithecus if applicable. Indexed with Pongidae if applicable. |
| Ramapo Fault | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Ramapo Fault | |
| RT | New York |
| New Jersey | |
| Newark Basin | |
| SN | N New Jersey and SE New York. Indexed with states as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Ramgarh coal field | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Ramgarh coal field | |
| UF | Ramgarh Coalfield |
| RT | Bihar India |
| coal fields | |
| SN | S Bihar, India. Also search Ramgarh. Indexed with state or states as applicable. |
| Ramgarh Coalfield | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ramgarh coal field |
| Rammelsberg | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Lower Saxony Germany | |
| ....Rammelsberg | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Harz Mountains | |
| ....Rammelsberg | |
| SN | Mountain in the Harz Mountains. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| rammelsbergite | |
|---|---|
| BT | arsenides |
| .rammelsbergite | |
| RT | nickel ores |
| pararammelsbergite | |
| Ramnagar India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Uttar Pradesh India | |
| ....Ramnagar India | |
| SN | Town in SE Uttar Pradesh, India. |
| Ramnagar Pakistan | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..Pakistan | |
| ...Punjab Pakistan | |
| ....Ramnagar Pakistan | |
| SN | Village NW of Lahore in Punjab, Pakistan. |
| Ramp Creek Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Mississippian | |
| .....Ramp Creek Formation | |
| RT | Kentucky |
| Indiana | |
| SN | S Indiana and N Kentucky. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Rampart Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Mississippian | |
| .....Rampart Group | |
| RT | Alaska |
| Lower Mississippian | |
| SN | Probably Lower Mississippian. Yukon-Tanana region in E central and E Alaska. |
| Ramparts Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Devonian | |
| ....Ramparts Formation | |
| RT | Canada |
| Northwest Territories | |
| SN | Mackenzie District Northwest Territories. Also search Ramparts. |
| ramps | |
|---|---|
| RT | carbonate ramps |
| faults | |
| thrust faults | |
| SN | Used as a general term. Use carbonate ramps or thrust faults where applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Rampur coal field | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Rampur coal field | |
| RT | coal fields |
| Orissa India | |
| SN | NW Orissa. Also search Rampur. Indexed with state or states as applicable. |
| ramsdellite | |
|---|---|
| BT | oxides |
| .ramsdellite | |
| RT | vernadite |
| Ramsey County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Ramsey County Minnesota | |
| NT | Saint Paul Minnesota |
| SN | E Minnesota. |
| Ramsey County North Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Dakota | |
| ..Ramsey County North Dakota | |
| RT | Devils Lake |
| SN | NE central North Dakota. |
| Ran Fjord | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rana Fjord |
| Rana Fjord | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Scandinavia | |
| ...Norway | |
| ....Nordland Norway | |
| .....Rana Fjord | |
| UF | Ran Fjord |
| Ranen Fjord | |
| SN | On the Norwegian Sea in central part of country. Also search Rana and Norway. |
| Ranchi India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Bihar India | |
| ....Ranchi India | |
| SN | City and District in S Bihar, E India. |
| Rancho La Brea | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Los Angeles County California | |
| ...Rancho La Brea | |
| UF | La Brea tar pits |
| SN | Pleistocene fossil locality in SW California. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rancholabrean | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Quarternary | |
| ....Pleistocene | |
| .....Upper Pleistocene | |
| ......Rancholabrean | |
| SN | North American continental stage. Above Irvingtonian, below Holocene. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| rancieite | |
|---|---|
| BT | oxides |
| .rancieite | |
| Rand | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. See Witwatersrand for South Africa or Rand Mountains for California. |
| Rand Mountains | |
|---|---|
| RT | Kern County California |
| Mojave Desert | |
| California | |
| SN | Range in the Mojave Desert, Kern County , S central California. Also search Rand AND California. Indexed with county or region as applicable. |
| Randall County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Randall County Texas | |
| Randolph County Alabama | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Alabama | |
| ..Randolph County Alabama | |
| SN | E Alabama. |
| Randolph County Arkansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Arkansas | |
| ..Randolph County Arkansas | |
| SN | NE Arkansas. |
| Randolph County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Randolph County Georgia | |
| SN | SW Georgia. |
| Randolph County Illinois | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Illinois | |
| ..Randolph County Illinois | |
| SN | SW Illinois. |
| Randolph County Indiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indiana |
| .Randolph County Indiana | |
| SN | E Indiana. |
| Randolph County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Randolph County Missouri | |
| SN | N central Missouri. |
| Randolph County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Randolph County North Carolina | |
| SN | Central North Carolina. |
| Randolph County West Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .West Virginia | |
| ..Randolph County West Virginia | |
| SN | E West Virginia. |
| random processes | |
|---|---|
| USE | stochastic processes |
| Ranen Fjord | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rana Fjord |
| range | |
|---|---|
| UF | stratigraphic range |
| RT | biogeography |
| fossils | |
| stratigraphy | |
| biostratigraphy | |
| first occurrence | |
| taxonomy | |
| SN | Usage is restricted to stratigraphy. |
| range, basin | |
|---|---|
| USE | basin range structure |
| Rangeley Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Rangeley Formation | |
| RT | Silurian |
| Devonian | |
| Massachusetts | |
| New Hampshire | |
| Maine | |
| Connecticut | |
| SN | N Connecticut, W Maine, Massachusetts and S New Hampshire. Silurian and/or Devonian. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Rangeley Lakes | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Rangeley Lakes | |
| RT | New Hampshire |
| Maine | |
| Coos County New Hampshire | |
| Franklin County Maine | |
| Oxford County Maine | |
| SN | Also search Rangeley. Indexed with states and counties as applicable. |
| Rangely Anticline | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Rangely Anticline | |
| SN | In NW near Utah border. Also search Rangely. |
| Rangely Colorado | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Rio Blanco County Colorado | |
| ...Rangely Colorado | |
| SN | Town on White River in NW Colorado. |
| Rangely Field | |
|---|---|
| UF | Rangely oil field |
| RT | oil and gas fields |
| Colorado | |
| Rio Blanco County Colorado | |
| SN | In NW Colorado near Utah border. Before 1978, also search Rangely. Indexed with county or region as applicable. |
| Rangely oil field | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rangely Field |
| Ranger Canyon Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Ranger Canyon Formation | |
| RT | Alberta |
| British Columbia | |
| Ishbel Group | |
| SN | In Ishbel Group. Rocky Mountains of British Columbia and Alberta. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Ranger Mine | |
|---|---|
| RT | Alligator Rivers Field |
| mines | |
| Northern Territory Australia | |
| uranium ores | |
| SN | Uranium ore deposit and mine in Alligator Rivers region, Northern Territory. Indexed with state or region as applicable. |
| Rangifer | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Artiodactyla | |
| .......Ruminantia | |
| ........Cervidae | |
| .........Rangifer | |
| SN | Genus. |
| Rangitata River | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .New Zealand | |
| ..Rangitata River | |
| RT | South Island |
| SN | E central South Island. Also search Rangitata. Also index South Island. |
| Raniganj (Stage) | |
|---|---|
| USE | Raniganj Formation |
| Raniganj coal field | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...West Bengal India | |
| ....Raniganj coal field | |
| UF | Raniganj Coalfield |
| RT | coal fields |
| SN | West Bengal state. Also search Raniganj India and coal. |
| Raniganj Coalfield | |
|---|---|
| USE | Raniganj coal field |
| Raniganj Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Upper Permian | |
| .....Raniganj Formation | |
| UF | Raniganj (Stage) |
| Raniganj Stage | |
| RT | India |
| West Bengal India | |
| Damuda Series | |
| SN | The highest division of the Damuda Series. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Raniganj India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...West Bengal India | |
| ....Raniganj India | |
| SN | City on N bank of Damodar River. |
| Raniganj Stage | |
|---|---|
| USE | Raniganj Formation |
| rank | |
|---|---|
| RT | coal |
| SN | To be used only for classification of coal. |
| Rankin County Mississippi | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Mississippi | |
| ..Rankin County Mississippi | |
| SN | Central Mississippi. |
| Rannoch |
|---|
| Rannoch Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Jurassic | |
| ....Middle Jurassic | |
| .....Bajocian | |
| ......Rannoch Formation | |
| RT | Aalenian |
| Brent Group | |
| North Sea | |
| SN | In Brent Group. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Ransom County North Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Dakota | |
| ..Ransom County North Dakota | |
| Raoul Island | |
|---|---|
| BT | West Pacific Ocean Islands |
| .Kermadec Islands | |
| ..Raoul Island | |
| SN | Largest of the volcanic Kermadec Islands which are a dependency of New Zealand 500 miles NE of Auckland. |
| rapakivi | |
|---|---|
| BT | igneous rocks |
| .plutonic rocks | |
| ..granites | |
| ...rapakivi | |
| UF | wiborgite |
| Raphidiodea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Arthropoda | |
| ..Mandibulata | |
| ...Insecta | |
| ....Pterygota | |
| .....Neoptera | |
| ......Endopterygota | |
| .......Neuroptera | |
| ........Raphidiodea | |
| RT | Diptera |
| Hymenoptera | |
| Lepidoptera | |
| SN | Suborder. |
| Rapid City South Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .South Dakota | |
| ..Pennington County South Dakota | |
| ...Rapid City South Dakota | |
| SN | City in W South Dakota. |
| rapid variations | |
|---|---|
| SN | Used in subfiles T, G and N. See variations; secular variations; fluctuations. |
| Rapides Parish Louisiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Rapides Parish Louisiana | |
| RT | Calcasieu River |
| SN | Central Louisiana. |
| rapids | |
|---|---|
| BT | fluvial features |
| .rapids | |
| RT | geomorphology |
| hydrology | |
| rivers | |
| streams | |
| waterways | |
| cascades | |
| waterfalls | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Rappahannock County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Rappahannock County Virginia | |
| Rappahannock River | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Rappahannock River | |
| SN | Rises in the Blue Ridge Mountains and flows into Chesapeake Bay. |
| Rarau Massif | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Rarau Massif | |
| UF | Rarau Mountains |
| RT | Moldavia |
| Suceava Romania | |
| SN | Suceava County in N Romania. Also search Rarau. |
| Rarau Mountains | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rarau Massif |
| rare earth deposits | |
|---|---|
| BT | metal ores |
| .rare earth deposits | |
| NT | cerium ores |
| RT | bastnaesite |
| rare earths | |
| monazite deposits | |
| SN | Commodity. See List C. |
| rare earths | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .rare earths | |
| NT | cerium |
| dysprosium | |
| erbium | |
| europium | |
| gadolinium | |
| holmium | |
| lanthanum | |
| lutetium | |
| neodymium | |
| praseodymium | |
| promethium | |
| samarium | |
| scandium | |
| terbium | |
| thulium | |
| ytterbium | |
| yttrium | |
| UF | inner transition elements |
| lanthanide series | |
| lanthanides | |
| lanthanoans | |
| RT | rare earth deposits |
| KREEP | |
| trace elements | |
| SN | Series of metallic elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 (the lanthanides). Also, scandium and yttrium are generally included in this group due to chemical similarities. Use rare earth deposits for rare earths as a commodity. |
| rare gases | |
|---|---|
| USE | noble gases |
| RARE II | |
|---|---|
| USE | RARE II regions |
| RARE II regions | |
|---|---|
| BT | public lands |
| .RARE II regions | |
| UF | RARE II |
| Roadless Area Review & Evaluation, Phase II | |
| RT | United States |
| land use | |
| conservation | |
| programs | |
| wilderness areas | |
| SN | Tracts of land belonging to the U. S. Forest Service that were being evaluated for their potential as wilderness areas. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Raritan Bay | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Raritan Bay | |
| RT | New York |
| New Jersey | |
| Staten Island | |
| Middlesex County New Jersey | |
| Monmouth County New Jersey | |
| SN | NE New Jersey and SE New York. Inlet of Atlantic Ocean bordered by Staten Island, New York, and Middlesex and Monmouth counties, New Jersey. Indexed with states and counties as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Raritan Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Raritan Formation | |
| RT | Maryland |
| Delaware | |
| New Jersey | |
| SN | Comprises Amboy Stonewane Clay, Old Bridge Sand Member, South Amboy Fire Clay, Sayreville Sand Member, Woodbridge Clay, Farrington Sand Member, and Raritan Fire Clay. |
| Raritan River | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New Jersey | |
| ..Raritan River | |
| SN | N New Jersey. Flows into New York Bay S of Staten Island. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Ras al-Khaimah | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Arabian Peninsula | |
| ..United Arab Emirates | |
| ...Ras al-Khaimah | |
| SN | Sheikdom. |
| RASA | |
|---|---|
| UF | Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program |
| RT | United States |
| ground water | |
| aquifers | |
| U. S. Geological Survey | |
| programs | |
| SN | Acronym. U. S. Geological Survey program begun in 1978. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| rasorite | |
|---|---|
| USE | kernite |
| Rat |
|---|
| Rat Island | |
|---|---|
| RT | Alaska |
| Aleutian Islands | |
| Bismarck Archipelago | |
| Papua New Guinea | |
| Rat Islands | |
| SN | Small island in center of Rat Islands in W Aleutian Islands. Also an island in the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea. Indexed with Rat Islands or Bismarck Archipelago as applicable. |
| Rat Islands | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Alaska | |
| ..Southwestern Alaska | |
| ...Aleutian Islands | |
| ....Rat Islands | |
| RT | Rat Island |
| SN | Group in W Aleutian Islands. |
| rate of sedimentation | |
|---|---|
| USE | sedimentation rates |
| rates | |
|---|---|
| RT | erosion |
| erosion rates | |
| growth rates | |
| reactivity | |
| residence time | |
| sedimentation rates | |
| settling | |
| slip rates | |
| SN | As of 1982, use sedimentation rates or erosion rates. |
| Ratibor Poland | |
|---|---|
| USE | Raciborz Poland |
| ratios | |
|---|---|
| SN | No longer a valid term for GeoRef. After 1992, see chemical ratios or isotope ratios. |
| Raton Basin | |
|---|---|
| RT | Colorado |
| New Mexico | |
| United States | |
| SN | SE Colorado and NE New Mexico. Also search Raton. Indexed with states or regions as applicable. |
| Raton Formation | |
|---|---|
| RT | K-T boundary |
| Paleocene | |
| Colorado | |
| New Mexico | |
| Upper Cretaceous | |
| SN | Upper Cretaceous and Paleocene. NE New Mexico and SE Colorado. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rattlesnake Creek Terrane | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Rattlesnake Creek Terrane | |
| RT | Klamath Mountains |
| SN | In Klamath Mountains of California. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Rattlesnake Hills | |
|---|---|
| RT | Benton County Washington |
| Colorado Plateau | |
| Natrona County Wyoming | |
| Rattlesnake Mountain | |
| United States | |
| Washington | |
| Wyoming | |
| Yakima County Washington | |
| SN | Area in SW Natrona County, Wyoming. Also an area in Benton and Yakima counties, Washington. Also search Rattlesnake Mountain AND Wyoming for area in Wyoming. Indexed with states and counties as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rattlesnake Mountain | |
|---|---|
| RT | Big Bend National Park |
| Brewster County Texas | |
| Rattlesnake Hills | |
| SN | W Texas. Before 1985, term was sometimes used for Rattlesnake Hills, Wyoming. Also in other locations. Indexed with county and mountains as applicable. |
| Raukumara Peninsula | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .New Zealand | |
| ..Raukumara Peninsula | |
| RT | North Island |
| SN | NE North Island. Also index North Island. |
| rault France | |
|---|---|
| NT | Bedarieux France |
| Cabrieres France | |
| Lodeve Basin | |
| Lodeve France | |
| Montpellier France | |
| Saint-Chinian France | |
| Sete France | |
| Rauracian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Jurassic | |
| ....Upper Jurassic | |
| .....Rauracian | |
| RT | Lusitanian |
| SN | Europe. Above Argovian, below Sequanian. |
| Ravalli County Montana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Montana | |
| ..Ravalli County Montana | |
| RT | Selway-Bitterroot Wilderness |
| SN | W Montana. |
| Ravalli Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Proterozoic | |
| ...Mesoproterozoic | |
| ....Ravalli Group | |
| RT | Idaho |
| Montana | |
| Altyn Limestone | |
| Belt Supergroup | |
| Revett Quartzite | |
| Saint Regis Formation | |
| SN | Of Belt Supergroup. Includes Altyn Formation, Appekunny Formation, Grinnell Formation. NE Idaho, and NW Montana. |
| Ravenscrag Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Paleocene | |
| .....Ravenscrag Formation | |
| RT | Canada |
| Saskatchewan | |
| raw humus | |
|---|---|
| USE | Mor |
| raw materials | |
|---|---|
| RT | economic geology |
| materials | |
| mineral resources | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| Rawlins County Kansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kansas | |
| ..Rawlins County Kansas | |
| SN | NW Kansas. |
| Ray County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Ray County Missouri | |
| ray paths | |
|---|---|
| USE | raypaths |
| ray tracing | |
|---|---|
| RT | arrival time |
| raypaths | |
| seismic methods | |
| velocity | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Rayleigh number | |
|---|---|
| RT | convection |
| heat flow | |
| heat transfer | |
| hydrodynamics | |
| laboratory studies | |
| mathematical methods | |
| SN | Used for any kind of Rayleigh number. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rayleigh waves | |
|---|---|
| BT | elastic waves |
| .seismic waves | |
| ..surface waves | |
| ...Rayleigh waves | |
| NT | Rg-waves |
| UF | R waves |
| RT | seismology |
| waves | |
| Lg-waves | |
| Stoneley waves | |
| raypaths | |
|---|---|
| UF | ray paths |
| RT | seismology |
| geophysical methods | |
| geophysics | |
| arrival time | |
| ray tracing | |
| seismic migration | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| rays, alpha | |
|---|---|
| USE | alpha rays |
| rays, beta | |
|---|---|
| USE | beta rays |
| rays, cosmic | |
|---|---|
| USE | cosmic rays |
| rays, gamma | |
|---|---|
| USE | gamma rays |
| Razdan River | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Armenia | |
| ..Razdan River | |
| UF | Hrazdan River |
| Zanga River | |
| RT | Lake Sevan |
| SN | River which serves as an outlet of Lake Sevan. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| razor stone | |
|---|---|
| USE | novaculite |
| Rb | |
|---|---|
| USE | rubidium |
| Rb-87/Sr-86 | |
|---|---|
| BT | isotopes |
| .radioactive isotopes | |
| ..Rb-87/Sr-86 | |
| BT | isotopes |
| .stable isotopes | |
| ..Rb-87/Sr-86 | |
| BT | metals |
| .alkali metals | |
| ..rubidium | |
| ...Rb-87/Sr-86 | |
| BT | metals |
| .alkaline earth metals | |
| ..strontium | |
| ...Rb-87/Sr-86 | |
| UF | Sr-86/Rb-87 |
| RT | isotope ratios |
| Sr-86 | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rb-Sr | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rb/Sr |
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. |
| Rb/Sr | |
|---|---|
| UF | Rb-Sr |
| rubidium-strontium | |
| Sr/Rb | |
| RT | absolute age |
| isotope ratios | |
| thermochronology | |
| rubidium | |
| strontium | |
| SN | Isotopic ratio used in age determination. Sr/Rb was used before 1989. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| RCRA | |
|---|---|
| USE | Resource Conservation and Recovery Act |
| Re | |
|---|---|
| USE | rhenium |
| RT | sedimentation |
| Re/Os | |
|---|---|
| UF | Os/Re |
| RT | absolute age |
| isotope ratios | |
| osmium | |
| rhenium | |
| SN | Isotopic ratio used in age determination. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| reabsorption | |
|---|---|
| USE | resorption |
| reaction rims | |
|---|---|
| UF | kelyphytic rims |
| RT | minerals |
| magmas | |
| phase equilibria | |
| crystallography | |
| mineralogy | |
| crystal chemistry | |
| fractional crystallization | |
| chemical reactions | |
| crystal growth | |
| crystal zoning | |
| crystals | |
| crystallization | |
| magmatic differentiation | |
| petrography | |
| SN | Before 1993, also search coronas and petrology. Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| reactions | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1993, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. See chemical reactions. |
| reactivation | |
|---|---|
| RT | displacements |
| faults | |
| neotectonics | |
| reactivity | |
|---|---|
| RT | activity |
| analysis | |
| behavior | |
| chemical reactions | |
| pH | |
| properties | |
| rates | |
| geochemistry | |
| sensitivity analysis | |
| SN | Chemical property. |
| Read Bay Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Read Bay Formation | |
| RT | Silurian |
| Lower Devonian | |
| Canada | |
| Franklin District Northwest Territories | |
| Northwest Territories | |
| Cornwallis Island | |
| SN | Middle Silurian to Lower Devonian. Cornwallis Island in Franklin District. Indexed with ages as applicable. |
| Reading Pennsylvania | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Pennsylvania | |
| ..Berks County Pennsylvania | |
| ...Reading Pennsylvania | |
| SN | City in SE central Pennsylvania. |
| Reading Prong | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Reading Prong | |
| RT | Appalachians |
| Pennsylvania | |
| New York | |
| New Jersey | |
| Central Appalachians | |
| SN | Precambrian metamorphic terrane, Central Appalachians. Indexed with states as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| readsorption | |
|---|---|
| USE | resorption |
| Reagan County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Reagan County Texas | |
| Reagan Sandstone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Cambrian | |
| ....Upper Cambrian | |
| .....Reagan Sandstone | |
| RT | Oklahoma |
| Timbered Hills Group | |
| SN | In Timbered Hills Group. Central S Oklahoma. |
| reagents | |
|---|---|
| RT | buffers |
| geochemistry | |
| solutions | |
| solvents | |
| SN | In general, use this term, and not names of specific reagents, when chemical reagents are discussed. |
| Real County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Real County Texas | |
| realgar | |
|---|---|
| BT | sulfides |
| .realgar | |
| UF | red arsenic |
| red orpiment | |
| sandarac | |
| Reasi | |
|---|---|
| USE | Riasi |
| rebound | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1993, see isostatic rebound, glacial rebound, uplifts or elastic properties if applicable. |
| Recent | |
|---|---|
| USE | Holocene |
| recent deformation | |
|---|---|
| SN | Used in subfiles G and N. See deformation; neotectonics. |
| Receptaculitaceae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .algae | |
| ..Chlorophyta | |
| ...Chlorophyceae | |
| ....Receptaculitaceae | |
| RT | microfossils |
| Coelenterata | |
| Foraminifera | |
| Echinodermata | |
| problematic fossils | |
| Porifera | |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Rechitsa Belarus | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Belarus | |
| ..Rechitsa Belarus | |
| SN | City in Gomel Oblast in S Belarus. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Recife-Joao Pessoa | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Recife-Joao Pessoa | |
| RT | Pernambuco Brazil |
| Paraiba Brazil | |
| SN | Two city region in neighboring states in NE Brazil. Recife is in Pernambuco and Joao Pessoa is in Paraiba. |
| Recita Romania | |
|---|---|
| USE | Resita Romania |
| reclamation | |
|---|---|
| NT | bioreclamation |
| UF | land reclamation |
| RT | abandoned mines |
| abandoned oil wells | |
| environmental geology | |
| conservation | |
| environmental analysis | |
| artificial islands | |
| basin management | |
| biodegradation | |
| bioremediation | |
| decontamination | |
| disposal barriers | |
| deforestation | |
| depletion | |
| constructed wetlands | |
| impact statement | |
| SN | Used for geological studies on the reclamation of the natural environment. |
| reclined | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1976. After 1976, use recumbent folds. |
| reclined folds | |
|---|---|
| USE | recumbent folds |
| Reconcavo Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Bahia Brazil | |
| ...Reconcavo Basin | |
| SN | Fertile coastal lowland surrounding Todos os Santos Bay W of Salvador. Also search Reconcavo. |
| reconstruction | |
|---|---|
| RT | balanced cross sections |
| continental drift | |
| decompaction | |
| paleogeography | |
| recording | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid general term through 1976. |
| recovery | |
|---|---|
| RT | enhanced recovery |
| mining | |
| mining geology | |
| reclamation | |
| retorting | |
| secondary recovery | |
| tertiary recovery | |
| thermal recovery | |
| water recovery | |
| well stimulation | |
| SN | General term. Use secondary or tertiary recovery for petroleum if applicable. |
| recreation | |
|---|---|
| RT | land use |
| soils | |
| recrystallization | |
|---|---|
| RT | authigenesis |
| crystallization | |
| deformation | |
| grains | |
| lithification | |
| metamorphism | |
| phyllonitization | |
| rectorite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .sheet silicates | |
| ..clay minerals | |
| ...rectorite | |
| UF | allevardite |
| recumbent | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1977. After 1977, use recumbent folds. |
| recumbent folds | |
|---|---|
| BT | folds |
| .recumbent folds | |
| UF | reclined folds |
| RT | nappes |
| orientation | |
| SN | Before 1978, search folds AND (recumbent OR reclined). |
| recurrence interval | |
|---|---|
| RT | floods |
| frequency | |
| geologic hazards | |
| periodicity | |
| risk assessment | |
| SN | Also search frequency and floods. Added to Thesaurus in 1998. |
| recursive filte |
|---|
| recursive filters | |
|---|---|
| RT | filters |
| Kalman filters | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| recycling | |
|---|---|
| RT | economic geology |
| economics | |
| environmental geology | |
| reclamation | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| red algae | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhodophyta |
| red arsenic | |
|---|---|
| USE | realgar |
| red beds | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary rocks |
| .clastic rocks | |
| ..red beds | |
| UF | red rock |
| redbeds | |
| RT | sandstone |
| terrigenous materials | |
| ferruginous composition | |
| Red Deer River | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Alberta | |
| ...Red Deer River | |
| RT | Red Deer River valley |
| SN | Rises in Banff National Park and flows into South Saskatchewan River near the Saskatchewan border. |
| Red Deer River valley | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Alberta | |
| ...Red Deer River valley | |
| UF | Red Deer Valley |
| RT | Red Deer River |
| SN | S Alberta. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Red Deer Valley | |
|---|---|
| USE | Red Deer River valley |
| Red Des |
|---|
| Red Desert | |
|---|---|
| RT | Great Divide Basin |
| Sweetwater County Wyoming | |
| U. S. Rocky Mountains | |
| SN | SW Wyoming. Indexed with counties or regions as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Red Eagle Limestone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Red Eagle Limestone | |
| RT | Missouri |
| Oklahoma | |
| Nebraska | |
| Kansas | |
| Council Grove Group | |
| SN | In Council Grove Group. Includes Glenrock Limestone Member, Bennett Shale Member, Howe Limestone Member. |
| Red Fork Sandstone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Pennsylvanian | |
| .....Red Fork Sandstone | |
| RT | Oklahoma |
| SN | Said to lie higher than Glenn Sand, lower than Skinner Sand. NE Oklahoma. |
| Red Hill | |
|---|---|
| RT | Haleakala |
| Hawaii | |
| Maui | |
| California | |
| New Mexico | |
| Scotland | |
| Utah | |
| Western Australia | |
| Wyoming | |
| SN | Mountain in Haleakala National Park on Maui Island. Also hills or mountains in SW Utah, Scotland, and other locations. As of 1993, use Red Hill Mine for the turquoise mine in the White Signal District of New Mexico and also for the mines in California and |
| Red Lake | |
|---|---|
| RT | Beltrami County Minnesota |
| Ontario | |
| SN | In Beltrami County, N Minnesota. Includes both Upper Red Lake and Lower Red Lake. Also in Ontario and other locations. Indexed with county or region as applicable. |
| Red Lake County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Red Lake County Minnesota | |
| Red Mountain | |
|---|---|
| RT | Alabama |
| alunite | |
| Jefferson County Alabama | |
| Colorado | |
| sulfur deposits | |
| SN | Ridge primarily in Jefferson County, N central Alabama. Also large alunite deposit near Lake City, Colorado. Also in other locations. Indexed with county or region and mountains as applicable. |
| Red Mountain Formation | |
|---|---|
| RT | Alabama |
| Georgia | |
| Queensland Australia | |
| Silurian | |
| Tertiary | |
| SN | Overlies Chickamauga Group; underlies Frog Mountain Sandstone. N Alabama, and NW Georgia. Also occurs as a Tertiary formation in Queensland Australia. May also occur in other locations. Indexed with age or ages as applicable. |
| red orpiment | |
|---|---|
| USE | realgar |
| Red Peak Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Triassic | |
| ....Red Peak Formation | |
| RT | Wyoming |
| Chugwater Formation | |
| SN | In Chugwater Formation. NW Wyoming. |
| Red River | |
|---|---|
| RT | Arkansas |
| Louisiana | |
| Manitoba | |
| Minnesota | |
| North America | |
| North Dakota | |
| Oklahoma | |
| New Mexico | |
| Red River valley | |
| South Dakota | |
| Texas | |
| SN | A southern tributary of the Mississippi River, rising in E New Mexico. Also a river rising in Manitoba and flowing into the Minnesota River. Also several other North American rivers. Search in combination with appropriate area term. Indexed with North Ame |
| Red River County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Red River County Texas | |
| Red River Fault | |
|---|---|
| UF | Honghe Fault |
| RT | Vietnam |
| South China Sea | |
| Yunnan China | |
| SN | Zone extends from Yunnan in SW China across Vietnam to the South China Sea. Indexed with Yunnan China and/or Vietnam and/or South China Sea as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Red River Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Ordovician | |
| ....Upper Ordovician | |
| .....Red River Formation | |
| RT | Wyoming |
| Montana | |
| North Dakota | |
| Manitoba | |
| South Dakota | |
| Bighorn Dolomite | |
| SN | In Bighorn Group. |
| Red River Parish Louisiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Red River Parish Louisiana | |
| Red River valley | |
|---|---|
| RT | Arkansas |
| Louisiana | |
| Manitoba | |
| Minnesota | |
| North Dakota | |
| Oklahoma | |
| Red River | |
| New Mexico | |
| South Dakota | |
| Texas | |
| SN | As of 1985, can be used for valley of any of several Red rivers in the United States and Canada. Indexed with states or provinces as applicable. |
| red rock | |
|---|---|
| USE | red beds |
| Red Sea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indian Ocean |
| .Red Sea | |
| NT | Atlantis II Deep |
| Chain Deep | |
| Discovery Deep | |
| Gulf of Aqaba | |
| Gulf of Suez | |
| Red Sea Rift | |
| RT | Leg 23 |
| Great Rift Valley | |
| Red Sea Basin | |
| DSDP Site 225 | |
| DSDP Site 228 | |
| DSDP Site 229 | |
| DSDP Site 230 | |
| Jeddah Saudi Arabia | |
| Red Sea region | |
| Zabargad Island | |
| SN | Between NE Africa and the Arabian Peninsula connecting the Mediterranean Sea with the Indian Ocean. |
| Red Sea Basin | |
|---|---|
| RT | Djibouti |
| Egypt | |
| Eritrea | |
| Ethiopia | |
| Israel | |
| Jordan | |
| Middle East | |
| Red Sea | |
| Red Sea region | |
| Saudi Arabia | |
| Sudan | |
| Yemen | |
| SN | Indexed with Red Sea, Djibouti and countries as applicable. |
| Red Sea Hills | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Red Sea Hills | |
| UF | Atbay |
| Etbai | |
| RT | Egypt |
| Sudan | |
| East Africa | |
| SN | Range of hills along Red Sea in E Egypt and NE Sudan. Indexed with countries as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Red Sea region | |
|---|---|
| RT | Red Sea |
| Red Sea Basin | |
| Red Sea Rift | |
| SN | This is an artificial term used to indicate the coastal region immediately adjacent to the Red Sea and the immediate littoral zone. |
| Red Sea Rift | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indian Ocean |
| .Red Sea | |
| ..Red Sea Rift | |
| RT | Ethiopia |
| Yemen | |
| Egypt | |
| Saudi Arabia | |
| Arabian Peninsula | |
| Arava Valley | |
| Sudan | |
| East African Rift | |
| Dead Sea Rift | |
| Great Rift Valley | |
| Gulf of Aden | |
| Ethiopian Rift | |
| Gulf of Suez | |
| Red Sea region | |
| Zabargad Island | |
| SN | Part of the Great Rift Valley system which connects the Dead Sea Rift to the East African Rift. Indexed with countries as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Red soils | |
|---|---|
| BT | soils |
| .Red soils | |
| RT | soil group |
| Zonal soils | |
| Red Willow County Nebraska | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nebraska | |
| ..Red Willow County Nebraska | |
| red zinc ore | |
|---|---|
| USE | zincite |
| redbeds | |
|---|---|
| USE | red beds |
| Redlichiida | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Arthropoda | |
| ..Trilobitomorpha | |
| ...Trilobita | |
| ....Redlichiida | |
| Redon France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Ille-et-Vilaine France | |
| ....Redon France | |
| SN | Town in E Brittany, NW France. |
| Redonda Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Triassic | |
| ....Upper Triassic | |
| .....Redonda Formation | |
| RT | New Mexico |
| SN | Unconformably overlies Chinle Formation; unconformably underlies Entrada Sandstone. NE New Mexico. |
| Redondo Canyon | |
|---|---|
| BT | Pacific Ocean |
| .North Pacific | |
| ..Northeast Pacific | |
| ...Redondo Canyon | |
| UF | Redondo submerged valley |
| RT | submarine canyons |
| SN | Off S California at approximately 34#DGN and 118#DGW. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Redondo submerged valley | |
|---|---|
| USE | Redondo Canyon |
| Redonian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Pliocene | |
| .....upper Pliocene | |
| ......Redonian | |
| SN | North America. |
| Redoubt | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Alaska | |
| ..Southern Alaska | |
| ...Redoubt | |
| UF | Mount Redoubt |
| Mt. Redoubt | |
| RT | volcanoes |
| SN | Volcano W of Cook Inlet in Lake Clark National Park, S Alaska. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| redox | |
|---|---|
| USE | Eh |
| redox potential | |
|---|---|
| USE | Eh |
| reduction | |
|---|---|
| RT | Eh |
| oxidation | |
| processes | |
| geochemistry | |
| Redwall Limestone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Mississippian | |
| .....Redwall Limestone | |
| RT | Arizona |
| SN | Comprises four unnamed members. N Arizona. |
| Redwood County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Redwood County Minnesota | |
| Redwood Creek | |
|---|---|
| RT | Humboldt County California |
| Mill Creek | |
| Redwood National Park | |
| SN | NW California. May also occur in other locations. Indexed with county or regions as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Redwood National Park | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Redwood National Park | |
| RT | national parks |
| Klamath Mountains | |
| Del Norte County California | |
| Humboldt County California | |
| Redwood Creek | |
| SN | Coastal N California. Indexed with counties as applicable. |
| reedmergnerite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .framework silicates | |
| ..reedmergnerite | |
| Reedsville Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Ordovician | |
| ....Upper Ordovician | |
| .....Reedsville Formation | |
| RT | Virginia |
| Pennsylvania | |
| West Virginia | |
| Tennessee | |
| SN | Central Pennsylvania, E Tennessee, SW Virginia and E West Virginia. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| reef builders | |
|---|---|
| RT | algae |
| Brachiopoda | |
| Bryozoa | |
| Coelenterata | |
| Echinodermata | |
| hermatypic taxa | |
| Mollusca | |
| Porifera | |
| reefs | |
| stromatolites | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| reef environment | |
|---|---|
| RT | aquatic environment |
| deep-water environment | |
| depositional environment | |
| marine environment | |
| paleoecology | |
| reefs | |
| sedimentation | |
| shallow-water environment | |
| submarine environment | |
| SN | For paleoecology. Before 1993, also search reefs and environment. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| reef formations | |
|---|---|
| USE | reefs |
| reef pinnacle | |
|---|---|
| USE | pinnacle reefs |
| reefs | |
|---|---|
| NT | atolls |
| barrier reefs | |
| fringing reefs | |
| patch reefs | |
| pinnacle reefs | |
| platform reefs | |
| UF | coral reefs |
| reef formations | |
| RT | bioerosion |
| oceanography | |
| ecology | |
| paleoecology | |
| geomorphology | |
| Coelenterata | |
| hermatypic taxa | |
| bioherms | |
| reef builders | |
| carbonate banks | |
| biogenic structures | |
| marine geology | |
| continental shelf | |
| lagoons | |
| bafflestone | |
| biostromes | |
| lithofacies | |
| reef environment | |
| sea-level chang | |
| SN | As of 1984, not to be for sedimentary structures; use bioherms there. As of 1993, use reef environment for paleoecology. |
| Reefton New Zealand | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .New Zealand | |
| ..Reefton New Zealand | |
| RT | South Island |
| SN | Village in NW South Island. Also index South Island. |
| Reelfoot Lake | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Reelfoot Lake | |
| RT | Lake County Tennessee |
| Obion County Tennessee | |
| SN | Lake and Obion counties, NW Tennessee. Indexed with counties as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Reelfoot Rift | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Reelfoot Rift | |
| RT | Missouri |
| Mississippi | |
| Tennessee | |
| Arkansas | |
| Mississippi Valley | |
| Midcontinent | |
| SN | NW Tennessee, SE Missouri, NE Arkansas and NW Mississippi. Indexed with states as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Reeves County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Reeves County Texas | |
| RT | Davis Mountains |
| SN | Extreme W Texas. |
| refinement | |
|---|---|
| RT | crystal structure |
| Rietveld refinement | |
| reflectance | |
|---|---|
| UF | reflectance spectra |
| reflectivity | |
| RT | organic compounds |
| albedo | |
| brightness | |
| coal | |
| microscope methods | |
| crystallography | |
| mineralogy | |
| ore reflectivity | |
| SN | Applies to specific samples of coal, organic compounds, and sometimes minerals. As of 1982, use ore reflectivity for ore deposits. When discussing methods, also use microscope methods. Does not include reflectivity of a rock bed to seismic waves. |
| reflectance spectra | |
|---|---|
| USE | reflectance |
| reflection | |
|---|---|
| RT | backscattering |
| diffraction | |
| elastic waves | |
| geophysical surveys | |
| reflectograms | |
| SN | After 1998, for seismic studies, use reflection methods. For minerals, see optical properties. |
| reflection methods | |
|---|---|
| BT | geophysical methods |
| .reflection methods | |
| NT | common-depth-point method |
| RT | acoustical methods |
| geophysical surveys | |
| elastic waves | |
| AVO methods | |
| dip moveout | |
| moveout | |
| normal moveout | |
| multiple reflections | |
| radar methods | |
| BIRPS | |
| bottom-simulating reflectors | |
| CALCRUST | |
| COCORP | |
| ECORS | |
| DEKORP | |
| Lithoprobe | |
| ground-penetrating radar | |
| reflectograms | |
| seismo | |
| SN | Restricted to geophysical methods; most commonly used for seismic methods. Indexed with seismic methods or other types of methods as applicable. |
| reflection waves | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid index term for GeoRef. Before 1978, also search ocean waves AND reflection. |
| reflectivity | |
|---|---|
| USE | reflectance |
| reflectograms | |
|---|---|
| RT | reflection |
| reflection methods | |
| reforestation | |
|---|---|
| USE | revegetation |
| refraction | |
|---|---|
| RT | diffraction |
| elastic waves | |
| electrical methods | |
| geophysical surveys | |
| SN | For seismic studies, use refraction methods. For minerals, use refractive index. |
| refraction method |
|---|
| refraction methods | |
|---|---|
| BT | geophysical methods |
| .refraction methods | |
| RT | seismology |
| acoustical methods | |
| geophysical surveys | |
| seismic methods | |
| electrical methods | |
| ECORS | |
| diffraction | |
| sonobuoys | |
| SN | Restricted to geophysical methods; most commonly used for seismic methods. Indexed with seismic methods or other types of methods as applicable. |
| refraction waves | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid index term for GeoRef. Before 1978, also search ocean waves AND refraction. |
| refractive index | |
|---|---|
| UF | index of refraction |
| refractivity | |
| refractometry | |
| RT | optical dispersion |
| birefringence | |
| optical properties | |
| refractivity | |
|---|---|
| USE | refractive index |
| refractometry | |
|---|---|
| USE | refractive index |
| refractories | |
|---|---|
| USE | refractory materials |
| refractory clay | |
|---|---|
| USE | fireclay |
| refractory materials | |
|---|---|
| UF | refractories |
| RT | carborundum |
| industrial minerals | |
| materials | |
| construction materials | |
| ceramic materials | |
| clays | |
| fireclay | |
| flint clay | |
| kaolin deposits | |
| sintering | |
| graphite deposits | |
| magnesite deposits | |
| SN | As a commodity index with ceramic materials. |
| Refugian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Eocene | |
| .....Refugian | |
| RT | Oligocene |
| SN | North America. Above Fresnian, below Zemorrian. |
| Refugio County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Refugio County Texas | |
| Regensburg Germany | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Bavaria Germany | |
| ....Regensburg Germany | |
| SN | City on Danube River in E central Bavaria, SE Germany. |
| Reggio Calabria | |
|---|---|
| USE | Reggio di Calabria Italy |
| Reggio di Calabria Italy | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Calabria Italy | |
| ....Reggio di Calabria Italy | |
| UF | Reggio Calabria |
| SN | City and province on Strait of Messina in S Italy. |
| regi |
|---|
| regimes, water | |
|---|---|
| USE | water regimes |
| Regina Saskatchewan | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Saskatchewan | |
| ...Regina Saskatchewan | |
| SN | City in S Saskatchewan. |
| regional | |
|---|---|
| RT | areal geology |
| geography | |
| SN | After 1977, used only as a general term for geography. Used through 1977 in combination with metamorphism; after 1977, regional metamorphism is used. |
| regional anomalies | |
|---|---|
| RT | anomalies |
| residual anomalies | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Regional Aquifer-System Analysis Program | |
|---|---|
| USE | RASA |
| regional metamorphism | |
|---|---|
| BT | metamorphism |
| .regional metamorphism | |
| RT | Barrovian-type deposits |
| burial metamorphism | |
| dynamic metamorphism | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search metamorphism AND regional. |
| regional patterns | |
|---|---|
| RT | geothermal gradient |
| heat flow | |
| heat sources | |
| patterns | |
| regional planning | |
|---|---|
| RT | environmental geology |
| land use | |
| planning | |
| urban planning | |
| registration | |
|---|---|
| UF | professional registration |
| RT | pollution |
| education | |
| accuracy | |
| quality control | |
| cartography | |
| data processing | |
| geology | |
| imagery | |
| data bases | |
| practice | |
| licensing | |
| geologists | |
| SN | As of 1998, restricted from use with geophysical methods. Use accuracy or see data processing. Not restricted to registration of professionals. Also search certification if applicable. Indexed with practice and geologists as applicable. |
| regolith | |
|---|---|
| RT | debris |
| overburden | |
| resurfacing | |
| sedimentary cover | |
| soils | |
| SN | May also be used used for the Moon and planets. |
| Regosols | |
|---|---|
| BT | soils |
| .Regosols | |
| regression | |
|---|---|
| BT | sea-level changes |
| .regression | |
| RT | stratigraphy |
| levels | |
| raised beaches | |
| Fischer plots | |
| lowstands | |
| transgression | |
| lake-level changes | |
| retrogradation | |
| SN | As of 1998, restricted to use for seas. |
| regression analysis | |
|---|---|
| BT | statistical analysis |
| .regression analysis | |
| NT | autoregression |
| RT | analysis |
| least-squares analysis | |
| Reguibat Ridge | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Reguibat Ridge | |
| RT | Mauritania |
| Western Sahara | |
| SN | In NW Mauritania and Western Sahara. |
| regulations | |
|---|---|
| RT | Clean Air Act |
| Clean Water Act | |
| decision-making | |
| economic geology | |
| engineering geology | |
| environmental geology | |
| government agencies | |
| hydrogeology | |
| land management | |
| land use | |
| legislation | |
| policy | |
| pollution | |
| preservation | |
| protection | |
| public policy | |
| reclamation | |
| resources | |
| Saf | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Rehamma | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rehamna |
| Rehamna | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .North Africa | |
| ..Morocco | |
| ...Rehamna | |
| UF | Rehamma |
| SN | Tribal area N of Marrakech in W central Morocco. |
| Reichenstein Poland | |
|---|---|
| USE | Zloty Stok Poland |
| Reindeer Lake | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Reindeer Lake | |
| RT | Saskatchewan |
| Manitoba | |
| SN | NE Saskatchewan and NW Manitoba. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Reindeer Zone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Reindeer Zone | |
| RT | Saskatchewan |
| Manitoba | |
| Churchill Province | |
| Hudsonian Orogeny | |
| SN | Archean-Proterozoic, in the Trans-Hudson Orogen between the Superior and the Churchill provinces. Indexed with Manitoba and/or Saskatchewan as applicable. |
| reinforced materials | |
|---|---|
| RT | dams |
| embankments | |
| engineering geology | |
| foundations | |
| geogrids | |
| highways | |
| materials | |
| reservoirs | |
| rock mechanics | |
| slope stability | |
| soil mechanics | |
| SN | Before 1993, also search reinforced soil and reinforced earth as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| reinjection wells | |
|---|---|
| RT | abandoned water wells |
| artificial recharge | |
| fluid injection | |
| gas injection | |
| injection | |
| irrigation | |
| oil wells | |
| waste disposal | |
| waste management | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| rejuvenation head | |
|---|---|
| USE | knickpoints |
| relation | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid general term through 1977. |
| relative age | |
|---|---|
| RT | absolute age |
| age | |
| biochronology | |
| cation-ratio dating | |
| cosmochronology | |
| electron paramagnetic resonance | |
| epimerization | |
| exposure age | |
| fission-track dating | |
| geochronology | |
| hydration of glass | |
| isochrons | |
| lichenometry | |
| meteor craters | |
| optical mineralogy | |
| overprinting | |
| paleo | |
| SN | Also search specific methods if applicable. Indexed with specific method or methods. |
| relaxation | |
|---|---|
| RT | creep |
| deformation | |
| equilibrium | |
| geophysical methods | |
| geophysics | |
| kinetics | |
| mathematical methods | |
| relaxation energy | |
| rheology | |
| strain relaxation | |
| stress | |
| structural analysis | |
| structural geology | |
| SN | See relaxation energy or strain relaxation if applicable. Use a more specific term if applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| relaxation energy | |
|---|---|
| RT | elastic waves |
| energy | |
| relaxation | |
| seismology | |
| release fractures | |
|---|---|
| BT | fractures |
| .release fractures | |
| RT | stress |
| joints | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search fractures AND release. |
| reliability | |
|---|---|
| RT | accuracy |
| errors | |
| maximum likelihood | |
| precision | |
| probability | |
| sampling | |
| statistical analysis | |
| uncertainty | |
| SN | Used as a general term. |
| relict materials | |
|---|---|
| RT | materials |
| metamorphic rocks | |
| meteorites | |
| parent bodies | |
| permafrost | |
| provenance | |
| reworking | |
| sediments | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| relief | |
|---|---|
| RT | digital terrain models |
| elevation | |
| landform description | |
| landform evolution | |
| ocean floors | |
| paleorelief | |
| geomorphology | |
| relief exposure | |
| relief inversion | |
| shaded relief maps | |
| terrains | |
| topography | |
| relief effects | |
|---|---|
| RT | climate |
| climate effects | |
| effects | |
| magnetic field | |
| SN | For use in relation to the Earth's magnetic field. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| relief exposure | |
|---|---|
| RT | landforms |
| relief | |
| geomorphology | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| relief features | |
|---|---|
| USE | landforms |
| relief inversion | |
|---|---|
| RT | basin inversion |
| inversion tectonics | |
| landform evolution | |
| relief | |
| geomorphology | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Relizian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Miocene | |
| .....Relizian | |
| RT | lower Miocene |
| middle Miocene | |
| SN | North America. Miocene, above Saucesian and below Luisian. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| remagnetization | |
|---|---|
| RT | demagnetization |
| magnetization | |
| natural remanent magnetization | |
| paleomagnetism | |
| secondary magnetization | |
| remanent magnetism | |
|---|---|
| USE | remanent magnetization |
| remediation | |
|---|---|
| NT | bioremediation |
| RT | biodegradation |
| bioreclamation | |
| constructed wetlands | |
| incineration | |
| leaking underground storage tanks | |
| mitigation | |
| pollution | |
| pump-and-treat | |
| reclamation | |
| soil treatment | |
| soil vapor extraction | |
| soil venting | |
| strip mining | |
| waste disposal | |
| waste management | |
| water treatmen | |
| SN | Before 1993, also search reclamation, water treatment or soil treatment if applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| remobilization | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. Included use in petrology. See mobilization, migration of elements, geochemistry. |
| remote sensing | |
|---|---|
| UF | remote sensing data |
| remote-sensing methods | |
| sensing, remote | |
| RT | aerial photography |
| airborne methods | |
| albedo | |
| brightness | |
| automated analysis | |
| Apollo 11 | |
| Apollo Program | |
| Apollo 12 | |
| Apollo 13 | |
| Apollo 14 | |
| Apollo 15 | |
| Apollo 16 | |
| Apollo 17 | |
| Apollo 8 | |
| Apollo 9 | |
| Apollo-Soyuz Program | |
| coronae | |
| AVHRR | |
| AVIRIS | |
| Clementine Program | |
| color imagery | |
| Dopp | |
| SN | Used for both methods and applications. For surveys, also index geophysical surveys. |
| remote sensing data | |
|---|---|
| USE | remote sensing |
| remote-sensing methods | |
|---|---|
| USE | remote sensing |
| Renalcis | |
|---|---|
| BT | cyanobacteria |
| .Renalcis | |
| RT | microfossils |
| algae | |
| SN | Genus. For paleontologic studies, index microfossils. Index algae if applicable. |
| Renault Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Mississippian | |
| .....Upper Mississippian | |
| ......Chesterian | |
| .......Renault Formation | |
| RT | Kentucky |
| Missouri | |
| Illinois | |
| Indiana | |
| SN | S Illinois, S Indiana, W and central Kentucky, and SE Missouri. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Renazzo Meteorite | |
|---|---|
| BT | meteorites |
| .stony meteorites | |
| ..chondrites | |
| ...carbonaceous chondrites | |
| ....CR chondrites | |
| .....Renazzo Meteorite | |
| RT | CM chondrites |
| SN | Before 1981, also search Renazzo AND meteorites. Reclassified from the CM2 chondrite group to the type for the CR chondrite group. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rendzinas | |
|---|---|
| BT | soils |
| .Rendzinas | |
| RT | soil group |
| Renfrew County Ontario | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Ontario | |
| ...Renfrew County Ontario | |
| NT | Chalk River Ontario |
| RT | Perch Lake |
| SN | SE Ontario. |
| renierite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sulfosalts |
| .sulfogermanates | |
| ..renierite | |
| Renmark Australia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Australia | |
| ..South Australia | |
| ...Renmark Australia | |
| SN | Town on Murray River in SE South Australia. |
| Rennes France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Ille-et-Vilaine France | |
| ....Rennes France | |
| SN | City in E Brittany, NW France. |
| Reno County Kansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kansas | |
| ..Reno County Kansas | |
| NT | Hutchinson Kansas |
| SN | S central Kansas. |
| Reno Nevada | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nevada | |
| ..Washoe County Nevada | |
| ...Reno Nevada | |
| SN | City on Truckee River in W Nevada. |
| Renova Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Renova Formation | |
| RT | Eocene |
| Oligocene | |
| Montana | |
| SN | In Bozeman Group. Eocene and Oligocene. SW Montana. Indexed with age as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rensselaer County New York | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New York | |
| ..Rensselaer County New York | |
| SN | E New York. |
| Renville County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Renville County Minnesota | |
| SN | S Minnesota. |
| Renville County North Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Dakota | |
| ..Renville County North Dakota | |
| SN | N North Dakota. |
| replacement | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1975. After 1975, use metasomatism or pseudomorphism. |
| report | |
|---|---|
| NT | annual report |
| progress report | |
| UF | brief report |
| RT | associations |
| current research | |
| symposia | |
| atlas | |
| repositories | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. See waste disposal sites or storage or waste disposal. |
| representative basins | |
|---|---|
| RT | drainage basins |
| ground water | |
| hydrogeology | |
| hydrology | |
| models | |
| water resources | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| reproduction | |
|---|---|
| RT | eggs |
| larvae | |
| paleontology | |
| sexual dimorphism | |
| Reptilia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Reptilia | |
| NT | Anapsida |
| Diapsida | |
| dinosaurs | |
| Testudinata | |
| RT | eggs |
| gastroliths | |
| Republic County Kansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kansas | |
| ..Republic County Kansas | |
| SN | N Kansas. |
| research | |
|---|---|
| RT | associations |
| bibliography | |
| current research | |
| geology | |
| International Lithosphere Program | |
| programs | |
| progress report | |
| survey organizations | |
| technical writing | |
| research vessels | |
|---|---|
| RT | Alvin |
| CYANA | |
| Deep Sea Drilling Project | |
| expeditions | |
| FAMOUS | |
| geophysical methods | |
| geophysical surveys | |
| GEOSECS | |
| Glomar Challenger | |
| International Decade of Ocean Exploration | |
| IPOD | |
| marine geology | |
| marine methods | |
| Ocean Drilling Program | |
| oceanography | |
| submersibles | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1983. |
| reserves | |
|---|---|
| RT | inventory |
| ore grade | |
| prediction maps | |
| resources | |
| size | |
| strategic minerals | |
| SN | Indexed with specific commodity as applicable. |
| reservoir properties | |
|---|---|
| RT | confining pressure |
| connectivity | |
| Darcy's law | |
| decompaction | |
| formation damage | |
| formation evaluation | |
| geothermal reservoirs | |
| minipermeameters | |
| natural gas | |
| naturally fractured reservoirs | |
| oil and gas fields | |
| overpressure | |
| petroleum | |
| properties | |
| slug tests | |
| tight sands | |
| un | |
| SN | Not to be used in relation to surface reservoirs. Use for petroleum or geothermal reservoirs. |
| reservoir rocks | |
|---|---|
| RT | cap rocks |
| enhanced recovery | |
| geopressure | |
| geothermal energy | |
| geothermal reservoirs | |
| meteoric water | |
| natural gas | |
| naturally fractured reservoirs | |
| oil and gas fields | |
| overpressure | |
| petroleum | |
| petroleum engineering | |
| rocks | |
| roughness | |
| sedimentation | |
| source rocks | |
| stratigrap | |
| SN | Use for petroleum or geothermal reservoirs. |
| reservoirs | |
|---|---|
| UF | surface reservoirs |
| RT | dams |
| embankments | |
| earthquakes | |
| engineering geology | |
| deposition | |
| geologic hazards | |
| hydrogeology | |
| Archie's law | |
| design | |
| hydrology | |
| construction | |
| levels | |
| feasibility studies | |
| lakes | |
| geomembranes | |
| geotextiles | |
| drawdown | |
| floods | |
| naturally fractured reservoirs | |
| ponds | |
| maintenance | |
| SN | Since 1978, used only for surface reservoirs (e.g. water reservoirs behind dams). For subsurface reservoirs such as petroleum reservoirs, see reservoir rocks, reservoir properties. See geothermal reservoirs, if applicable. Used only for geological studies |
| reservoirs, geothermal | |
|---|---|
| USE | geothermal reservoirs |
| residence time | |
|---|---|
| RT | age |
| bioaccumulation | |
| exposure age | |
| ground water | |
| rates | |
| retention | |
| time factor | |
| water regimes | |
| SN | General concept for systems. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| residual anomalies | |
|---|---|
| RT | anomalies |
| gravity anomalies | |
| regional anomalies | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| residual clays | |
|---|---|
| BT | sediments |
| .clastic sediments | |
| ..residual clays | |
| RT | clay |
| clays | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| residual soils | |
|---|---|
| RT | residuum |
| soil mechanics | |
| soils | |
| SN | In GeoRef, used mainly for engineering studies. Do not use for residuum. Indexed with soils if applicable. |
| residues, insoluble | |
|---|---|
| USE | insoluble residues |
| residues, organic | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. See sedimentary rocks or sediments. |
| residuum | |
|---|---|
| BT | sediments |
| .clastic sediments | |
| ..residuum | |
| RT | weathering |
| terrigenous materials | |
| residual soils | |
| resinite | |
|---|---|
| BT | macerals |
| .exinite | |
| ..resinite | |
| resins | |
|---|---|
| UF | fossil resins |
| mineral resins | |
| RT | organic compounds |
| amber | |
| Resita Romania | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Resita Romania | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Banat | |
| ...Resita Romania | |
| UF | Recita Romania |
| SN | City in Caras-Severin County in W Romania. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Resolution Guyot | |
|---|---|
| USE | Resolution Seamount |
| Resolution Seamount | |
|---|---|
| BT | Pacific Ocean |
| .West Pacific | |
| ..Resolution Seamount | |
| BT | Pacific Ocean |
| .North Pacific | |
| ..Mid-Pacific Mountains | |
| ...Resolution Seamount | |
| UF | Resolution Guyot |
| RT | Central Pacific |
| Leg 143 | |
| ODP Site 866 | |
| ODP Site 867 | |
| ODP Site 868 | |
| SN | W Mid-Pacific Mountains. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| resonance | |
|---|---|
| RT | electron paramagnetic resonance |
| nuclear magnetic resonance | |
| oscillations | |
| vibration | |
| resorption | |
|---|---|
| UF | reabsorption |
| readsorption | |
| RT | absorption |
| adsorption | |
| petrology | |
| soils | |
| processes | |
| textures | |
| crystals | |
| SN | Also index absorption or adsorption if applicable. |
| Resource Conservation and |
|---|
| Resource Conservation and Recovery Act | |
|---|---|
| UF | RCRA |
| RT | pollution |
| environmental geology | |
| ground water | |
| waste disposal | |
| conservation | |
| protection | |
| water resources | |
| radioactive waste | |
| water management | |
| water quality | |
| liquid waste | |
| solid waste | |
| natural resources | |
| resources | |
| SN | United States legislative act enacted in the fall of 1976. Concerns waste disposal management, especially regulation of hazardous waste. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| resources | |
|---|---|
| RT | conservation |
| energy sources | |
| inventory | |
| licensing | |
| mineral resources | |
| natural resources | |
| productive capacity | |
| regulations | |
| reserves | |
| Resource Conservation and Recovery Act | |
| size | |
| water resources | |
| respiration | |
|---|---|
| RT | chemosynthesis |
| photosynthesis | |
| processes | |
| geochemistry | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| response | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. Used as a general term. |
| Restigou |
|---|
| Restigouche County New Brunswick | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Maritime Provinces | |
| ...New Brunswick | |
| ....Restigouche County New Brunswick | |
| Restigouche Estuary | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Restigouche Estuary | |
| RT | Quebec |
| New Brunswick | |
| Chaleur Bay | |
| SN | W extremity of Chaleur Bay. Indexed with provinces as applicable. |
| restites | |
|---|---|
| RT | anatexis |
| igneous rocks | |
| magmas | |
| metamorphic rocks | |
| metasomatic rocks | |
| migmatites | |
| mixing | |
| SN | Parts of composite rocks which were geochemically immobile. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| restorations | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef index term after 1970. See physical models; reclamation; reconstruction; sample preparation. |
| resurfacing | |
|---|---|
| RT | cosmochronology |
| cratering | |
| denudation | |
| erosion rates | |
| erosion surfaces | |
| exposure age | |
| extraterrestrial geology | |
| geochronology | |
| impact craters | |
| impact features | |
| landform evolution | |
| meteor craters | |
| planetology | |
| regolith | |
| relative age | |
| surface features | |
| SN | Generally used for impact erosion and/or depositional processes on extraterrestrial planetary bodies on a global scale. Also index cratering if applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| resurgence | |
|---|---|
| UF | rising springs |
| springs, rising | |
| RT | geomorphology |
| volcanoes | |
| domes | |
| hydrology | |
| calderas | |
| cauldrons | |
| caves | |
| underground streams | |
| springs | |
| karst hydrology | |
| retaining walls | |
|---|---|
| UF | walls, retaining |
| RT | embankments |
| slope stability | |
| rock mechanics | |
| soil mechanics | |
| reservoirs | |
| stabilization | |
| pressure | |
| landslides | |
| berms | |
| foundations | |
| levees | |
| geogrids | |
| tailings ponds | |
| SN | Wall designed to resist lateral pressure of material behind it and maintain differences in elevation. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| retention | |
|---|---|
| RT | atmospheric precipitation |
| hydrology | |
| residence time | |
| runoff | |
| water | |
| SN | The amount of water from precipitation that has not escaped as runoff or through evapotranspiration. |
| Retezat Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Transylvania | |
| ....Retezat Mountains | |
| RT | Transylvanian Alps |
| SN | Group in W Transylvanian Alps in SW Transylvania, W central Romania. |
| Retort Phosphatic Shale Member | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Retort Phosphatic Shale Member | |
| RT | Idaho |
| Utah | |
| Wyoming | |
| Montana | |
| Nevada | |
| Phosphoria Formation | |
| SN | Of Phosphoria Formation. E Idaho, SW Montana, Nevada, NE Utah and W Wyoming. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| retorting | |
|---|---|
| RT | combustion |
| in situ | |
| oil shale | |
| petroleum engineering | |
| recovery | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| retrieval, data | |
|---|---|
| USE | data retrieval |
| retrogradation | |
|---|---|
| RT | parasequences |
| regression | |
| retrograde metamorphism | |
| sequence stratigraphy | |
| shorelines | |
| stratigraphy | |
| SN | For stratigraphic studies, also index regression if applicable. |
| retrograde | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1977. |
| retrograde metamorphism | |
|---|---|
| BT | metamorphism |
| .retrograde metamorphism | |
| UF | diaphthoresis |
| retrogressive metamorphism | |
| RT | prograde metamorphism |
| decompression | |
| dynamic metamorphism | |
| retrogradation | |
| polymetamorphism | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search metamorphism AND retrograde. |
| retrogressive metamorphism | |
|---|---|
| USE | retrograde metamorphism |
| Reunion | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indian Ocean Islands |
| .Mascarene Islands | |
| ..Reunion | |
| NT | Piton de la Fournaise |
| Piton des Neiges | |
| Saint-Louis Reunion | |
| UF | Reunion Island |
| SN | One of the Mascarene Islands and a French overseas territory 425 miles E of Madagascar. |
| Reunion Island | |
|---|---|
| USE | Reunion |
| revegetation | |
|---|---|
| UF | reforestation |
| RT | ecology |
| fires | |
| forests | |
| riparian environment | |
| grasslands | |
| prairies | |
| savannas | |
| steppes | |
| tundra | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Revelstoke British Columbia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..British Columbia | |
| ...Revelstoke British Columbia | |
| SN | City in SE British Columbia. |
| reversals | |
|---|---|
| UF | self reversal |
| self-reversals | |
| RT | paleomagnetism |
| magnetic field | |
| Earth | |
| pole positions | |
| Brunhes Chron | |
| Gauss Chron | |
| Gilbert Chron | |
| Jaramillo Subchron | |
| Matuyama Chron | |
| Olduvai Subchron | |
| reverse | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1977. After 1977, use reverse faults. |
| reverse faults | |
|---|---|
| BT | faults |
| .reverse faults | |
| RT | inversion tectonics |
| thrust faults | |
| displacements | |
| imbricate tectonics | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search faults AND reverse. |
| reverse slip faults | |
|---|---|
| USE | thrust faults |
| revetments | |
|---|---|
| RT | embankments |
| engineering geology | |
| riprap | |
| seawalls | |
| shorelines | |
| slope stability | |
| waterways | |
| SN | Facing of stone, concrete or other material on embankment to prevent scour by weathering or water action. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Revett Quartzite | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Proterozoic | |
| ...Mesoproterozoic | |
| ....Revett Quartzite | |
| RT | Idaho |
| Montana | |
| Washington | |
| Belt Supergroup | |
| Ravalli Group | |
| SN | In Ravalli Group of Belt Supergroup. NE Idaho and NW Montana. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| review | |
|---|---|
| RT | bibliography |
| book reviews | |
| critical review | |
| SN | Used as a general term for bibliographic reviews, annual reviews and syntheses. |
| revision | |
|---|---|
| RT | fossils |
| new taxa | |
| taxonomy | |
| SN | Used for revision of classification and taxonomy, especially in fossils. |
| Rewa India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Madhya Pradesh India | |
| ....Rewa India | |
| SN | City in N Madhya Pradesh, central India. |
| reworking | |
|---|---|
| RT | deposition |
| fossils | |
| relict materials | |
| sedimentation | |
| sediments | |
| Rexroad Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Pliocene | |
| .....upper Pliocene | |
| ......Rexroad Formation | |
| RT | Oklahoma |
| Kansas | |
| SN | Underlies Angell Member of Ballard Formation. |
| Reykjanes Peninsula | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Iceland | |
| ...Reykjanes Peninsula | |
| SN | WSW of Reykjavik. Also search Reykjanes. |
| Reykjanes Ridge | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Reykjanes Ridge | |
| RT | DSDP Site 114 |
| DSDP Site 407 | |
| Leg 49 | |
| DSDP Site 408 | |
| DSDP Site 409 | |
| ODP Site 983 | |
| ODP Site 984 | |
| SN | SW of Iceland. |
| Reynolds County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Reynolds County Missouri | |
| SN | SE Missouri. |
| Reynolds Creek | |
|---|---|
| RT | Idaho |
| Owyhee County Idaho | |
| SN | Flows into Snake River in extreme SW Idaho. May also occur in other locations. Indexed with counties or region as applicable. |
| Reynolds numb |
|---|
| Reynolds number | |
|---|---|
| UF | Damkohler number |
| RT | convection |
| mathematical methods | |
| hydrodynamics | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rg-waves | |
|---|---|
| BT | elastic waves |
| .seismic waves | |
| ..surface waves | |
| ...Rayleigh waves | |
| ....Rg-waves | |
| BT | elastic waves |
| .short-period waves | |
| ..Rg-waves | |
| SN | Short-period Rayleigh waves which travel in the granitic layer of the crust as a guided wave. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1998. |
| Rh | |
|---|---|
| USE | rhodium |
| rhabdite | |
|---|---|
| USE | schreibersite |
| Rhabdomesidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Bryozoa | |
| ..Cryptostomata | |
| ...Rhabdomesidae | |
| SN | Family. |
| rhabdophane | |
|---|---|
| BT | phosphates |
| .rhabdophane | |
| Rhabdopleurida | |
|---|---|
| BT | Pterobranchia |
| .Rhabdopleurida | |
| UF | Rhapdopleurida |
| RT | Invertebrata |
| Hemichordata | |
| SN | Indexed with Hemichordata or Invertebrata as applicable. |
| Rhadames Basin | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ghadames Basin |
| Rhaetia |
|---|
| Rhaetian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Triassic | |
| ....Upper Triassic | |
| .....Rhaetian | |
| SN | Europe. Above Norian, below Hettangian (Jurassic). |
| Rhaetian Alps | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Alps | |
| ..Central Alps | |
| ...Rhaetian Alps | |
| NT | Adamello Massif |
| RT | Lombardy Italy |
| Austria | |
| Graubunden Switzerland | |
| SN | Division of Central Alps principally in Graubunden Canton, Switzerland. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| Rhapdopleurida | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhabdopleurida |
| Rhea County Tennessee | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Rhea County Tennessee | |
| Rhea Sate |
|---|
| Rhea Satellite | |
|---|---|
| RT | icy satellites |
| satellites | |
| Saturn | |
| Voyager Program | |
| SN | One of the satellites of Saturn. Before 1985, also search Rhea AND Saturn. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rhein River | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhine River |
| Rhein Valley | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhine Valley |
| Rheingau | |
|---|---|
| BT | sse Germany |
| .Rheingau | |
| SN | Region on S slope of Rheingau Mountains on right bank of Rhine E of Rudesheim in extreme W Hesse. |
| Rheinland | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhineland |
| Rhenish Hesse | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Rhineland-Palatinate Germany | |
| ....Rhenish Hesse | |
| SN | Administrative division along the left bank of the Rhine River with Worms and Mainz the major cities. |
| Rhenish Massif | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhenish Schiefergebirge |
| Rhenish Schiefergebirge | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Rhenish Schiefergebirge | |
| NT | Eifel |
| Taunus | |
| Westerwald | |
| UF | Rhenish Massif |
| Rhenish Slate Mountains | |
| Rhine Massif | |
| Schiefergebirge | |
| RT | North Rhine-Westphalia Germany |
| Belgium | |
| Ardennes | |
| Luxembourg | |
| Ebbe Anticlinorium | |
| Rhineland-Palatinate Germany | |
| Hesse Germany | |
| SN | Rhenish Slate Mountains. Extensive plateau with Belgium and Luxembourg on the W, the Lahn River on the E, the Bonn area in the N, and including the Taunus, Westerwald, Eifel, and on the south, the Hunsruck. Indexed with German states and/or Belgium and/or |
| Rhenish Slate Mountains | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhenish Schiefergebirge |
| rhenium | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .rhenium | |
| UF | Re |
| RT | Re/Os |
| Rheno-hercynian Zone | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhenohercynian |
| Rhenohercynian | |
|---|---|
| UF | Rheno-hercynian Zone |
| Rhenohercynicum | |
| RT | Paleozoic |
| Europe | |
| Hercynian Orogeny | |
| Variscides | |
| SN | Zone. A tectonostratigraphic unit of the Variscides, Europe. Indexed with age as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rhenohercynicum | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhenohercynian |
| rheology | |
|---|---|
| RT | constitutive equations |
| deformation | |
| dislocation creep | |
| flow lines | |
| flow mechanism | |
| plastic deformation | |
| relaxation | |
| viscosity | |
| rheomorphism | |
|---|---|
| RT | metamorphism |
| Rhin River | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhine River |
| Rhin Valley | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhine Valley |
| Rhine Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Rhine Basin | |
| UF | Rhine region |
| RT | Switzerland |
| France | |
| Austria | |
| Germany | |
| Netherlands | |
| Lake Constance | |
| Lower Rhine Basin | |
| Liechtenstein | |
| SN | Also search Rhine. Indexed with Lake Constance and countries as applicable. |
| Rhine Graben | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Rhine Graben | |
| NT | Lower Rhine Graben |
| Swiss Rhine Graben | |
| Upper Rhine Graben | |
| UF | Rhine Trough |
| RT | Switzerland |
| Germany | |
| Mulhouse Basin | |
| SN | Rift valley extending N from Basel to Mainz. |
| Rhine Massif | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhenish Schiefergebirge |
| Rhine region | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhine Basin |
| Rhine River | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Rhine River | |
| UF | Rhein River |
| Rhin River | |
| Rijn River | |
| RT | Switzerland |
| France | |
| Austria | |
| Germany | |
| Netherlands | |
| Lake Constance | |
| Bergisches Land | |
| Liechtenstein | |
| SN | Formed by confluence of the Hinterrhein and the Vorderrhein rivers in SE Switzerland; it flows through Lake Constance and then W, N, and NW to the North Sea. Also search Rhine. Indexed with Lake Constance and countries as applicable. |
| Rhine Trough | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhine Graben |
| Rhine Valley | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Rhine Valley | |
| UF | Rhein Valley |
| Rhin Valley | |
| Rijn Valley | |
| RT | Switzerland |
| France | |
| Germany | |
| Netherlands | |
| Upper Rhine Valley | |
| Lower Rhine Basin | |
| SN | Commonly recognized as that part of the river valley extending from Basel, Switzerland, to the North Sea. Also search Rhine. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| Rhine Westphalian Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Rhine Westphalian Basin | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Rhineland | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Rhineland | |
| UF | Rheinland |
| RT | North Rhine-Westphalia Germany |
| Rhineland-Palatinate Germany | |
| SN | Region. The part of Germany W of the Rhine River (left bank). Indexed with states as applicable. |
| Rhinoceros | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Perissodactyla | |
| .......Ceratomorpha | |
| ........Rhinocerotidae | |
| .........Rhinoceros | |
| Rhinocerotidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Perissodactyla | |
| .......Ceratomorpha | |
| ........Rhinocerotidae | |
| NT | Coelodonta antiquitatis |
| Rhinoceros | |
| SN | Family. |
| Rhipidistia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Pisces | |
| ...Osteichthyes | |
| ....Sarcopterygii | |
| .....Crossopterygii | |
| ......Rhipidistia | |
| SN | Suborder. |
| rhizoconcretions | |
|---|---|
| USE | rhizoliths |
| Rhizocorallium | |
|---|---|
| BT | ichnofossils |
| .Rhizocorallium | |
| SN | Genus. |
| rhizoliths | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary structures |
| .rhizoliths | |
| UF | rhizoconcretions |
| rhizomorphs | |
| root casts | |
| RT | biogenic structures |
| concretions | |
| roots | |
| SN | Also index biogenic structures if applicable. |
| rhizomorphs | |
|---|---|
| USE | rhizoliths |
| Rhodes | |
|---|---|
| BT | Mediterranean region |
| .Aegean Islands | |
| ..Greek Aegean Islands | |
| ...Dodecanese | |
| ....Rhodes | |
| RT | Hellenic Arc |
| SN | Largest island of the Dodecanese off SW Turkey. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rhodesia | |
|---|---|
| USE | Zimbabwe |
| Rhodesian Plateau | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Southern Africa | |
| ..Zimbabwe | |
| ...Rhodesian Plateau | |
| SN | Part of great South African plateau. |
| rhodium | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .platinum group | |
| ..rhodium | |
| UF | Rh |
| RT | rhodium ores |
| SN | Chemical element. As of 1985, use rhodium ores for rhodium as a commodity. |
| rhodium ores | |
|---|---|
| BT | metal ores |
| .rhodium ores | |
| RT | platinum ores |
| rhodium | |
| SN | Before 1985, also search rhodium AND (deposit OR deposits OR ore OR ores OR economic) in the basic index. |
| rhodochrosite | |
|---|---|
| BT | carbonates |
| .rhodochrosite | |
| UF | dialogite |
| RT | manganese minerals |
| manganese ores | |
| rhodonite | |
| rhodonite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .chain silicates | |
| ..rhodonite | |
| RT | manganese minerals |
| manganese ores | |
| ornamental materials | |
| rhodochrosite | |
| Rhodope Greece | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Greece | |
| ...Greek Thrace | |
| ....Rhodope Greece | |
| SN | Department in central Greek Thrace, NE Greece. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rhodope Massif | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhodope Mountains |
| Rhodope Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Rhodope Mountains | |
| NT | Bulgarian Rhodope Mountains |
| UF | Rhodope Massif |
| RT | Bulgaria |
| Rila Mountains | |
| Greek Macedonia | |
| Greek Thrace | |
| SN | Major mountain system primarily in S Bulgaria. Also search Rhodope. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| Rhodophyta | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .algae | |
| ..Rhodophyta | |
| NT | Corallinaceae |
| Gymnocodiaceae | |
| UF | red algae |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Including red algae. Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Rhoen Mountains | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhon Mountains |
| Rhon Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Rhon Mountains | |
| UF | Rhoen Mountains |
| RT | Bavaria Germany |
| Thuringia Germany | |
| Hesse Germany | |
| SN | Also search Rhon. Indexed with states as applicable. |
| Rhone Basin | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhone Valley |
| Rhone Delta | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Bouches-du-Rhone France | |
| ....Rhone Delta | |
| RT | Gulf of Lion |
| SN | On Gulf of Lion W of Marseilles. |
| Rhone France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Rhone France | |
| NT | Lyons France |
| RT | Monts du Lyonnais |
| SN | Department in E central France. |
| Rhone River | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Rhone River | |
| RT | Switzerland |
| France | |
| Lake Geneva | |
| SN | Rises in Rhone Glacier in S central Switzerland; it flows through Lake Geneva and then W and S into the Gulf of Lion. Indexed with Lake Geneva and countries as applicable. |
| Rhone River valley | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhone Valley |
| Rhone Valley | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Rhone Valley | |
| UF | Rhone Basin |
| Rhone River valley | |
| RT | Switzerland |
| France | |
| Lake Geneva | |
| Saone-Rhone Basin | |
| SN | Indexed with Lake Geneva and countries as applicable. |
| rhonite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .chain silicates | |
| ..rhonite | |
| RT | aenigmatite |
| Rhuddanian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Silurian | |
| ....Llandovery | |
| .....Rhuddanian | |
| Rhum | |
|---|---|
| BT | brides |
| .Inner Hebrides | |
| ..Rhum | |
| BT | ghland region Scotland |
| .Inverness-shire Scotland | |
| ..Rhum | |
| UF | Rhum Island |
| Rum | |
| SN | Isle of Rhum. One of the Inner Hebrides S and SE of the Isle of Skye. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rhum Island | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhum |
| Rhyacian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Proterozoic | |
| ...Paleoproterozoic | |
| ....Rhyacian | |
| rhyacolite | |
|---|---|
| USE | sanidine |
| Rhynchocephalia | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhynchosauria |
| Rhynchonellida | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Brachiopoda | |
| ..Articulata | |
| ...Rhynchonellida | |
| NT | Rhynchonellidae |
| Rhynchonellidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Brachiopoda | |
| ..Articulata | |
| ...Rhynchonellida | |
| ....Rhynchonellidae | |
| SN | Family. |
| Rhynchosauria | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Reptilia | |
| ....Diapsida | |
| .....Rhynchosauria | |
| UF | Rhynchocephalia |
| RT | Lepidosauria |
| SN | Order. |
| rhyodacites | |
|---|---|
| BT | igneous rocks |
| .volcanic rocks | |
| ..rhyodacites | |
| NT | dellenite |
| quartz latite | |
| rhyolite porphyry | |
|---|---|
| BT | igneous rocks |
| .volcanic rocks | |
| ..rhyolites | |
| ...rhyolite porphyry | |
| RT | porphyry |
| rhyolite tuff | |
|---|---|
| BT | igneous rocks |
| .volcanic rocks | |
| ..pyroclastics | |
| ...rhyolite tuff | |
| RT | tuff |
| rhyolites | |
|---|---|
| BT | igneous rocks |
| .volcanic rocks | |
| ..rhyolites | |
| NT | comendite |
| liparite | |
| liparite porphyry | |
| pantellerite | |
| quartz porphyry | |
| rhyolite porphyry | |
| RT | metarhyolite |
| rhyolitic composition | |
| SN | Before 1981, search andesite-rhyolite family. |
| rhyolitic composition | |
|---|---|
| RT | composition |
| igneous rocks | |
| rhyolites | |
| SN | Before 1978, search rhyolitic; rhyolitic AND composition. |
| rhyotaxitic texture | |
|---|---|
| USE | flow texture |
| rhythmic bedding | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary structures |
| .planar bedding structures | |
| ..rhythmic bedding | |
| RT | bedding |
| cyclothems | |
| rhythmite | |
| rhythmite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary structures |
| .planar bedding structures | |
| ..rhythmite | |
| RT | sedimentation |
| rhythmic bedding | |
| laminite | |
| cyclothems | |
| Rians France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Var France | |
| ....Rians France | |
| SN | Village in Var, SE France. |
| Riasi | |
|---|---|
| UF | Reasi |
| RT | India |
| Jammu and Kashmir | |
| Pakistan | |
| SN | Town and district in SW Jammu and Kashmir. Before 1993, India was a broader term. Indexed with Jammu and Kashmir; and India and/or Pakistan as applicable. |
| Ribeira de Iguape River | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Sao Paulo Brazil | |
| ...Ribeira de Iguape River | |
| UF | Ribeira do Iguape River |
| SN | Flows into the Atlantic Ocean near Iguape in S Brazil. |
| Ribeira do Iguape River | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ribeira de Iguape River |
| ribonucleic acid | |
|---|---|
| USE | RNA |
| Rice County Kansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kansas | |
| ..Rice County Kansas | |
| SN | Central Kansas. |
| Rice County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Rice County Minnesota | |
| SN | SE Minnesota. |
| Rice Lake | |
|---|---|
| RT | Manitoba |
| Ontario | |
| Wisconsin | |
| SN | Lake in SE Ontario, and lake in Manitoba. May occur in other locations. Indexed with Canadian provinces or U. S. counties or other location as applicable. |
| Rice Lake Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Archean | |
| ...Rice Lake Group | |
| RT | Canada |
| Manitoba | |
| Rich County Utah | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Utah | |
| ..Rich County Utah | |
| RT | Bear Lake |
| SN | N Utah. |
| Richards equation | |
|---|---|
| UF | Richards' equation |
| RT | soils |
| ground water | |
| equations | |
| hydrology | |
| mathematical models | |
| unsaturated zone | |
| hydrodynamics | |
| water regimes | |
| Green-Ampt model | |
| infiltration | |
| numerical models | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Richards Island | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Mackenzie District Northwest Territories | |
| ...Richards Island | |
| RT | Arctic region |
| SN | Large island in Beaufort Sea at mouth of Mackenzie River, Mackenzie District. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Richards' equation | |
|---|---|
| USE | Richards equation |
| Richardson County Nebraska | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nebraska | |
| ..Richardson County Nebraska | |
| Richardson Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Richardson Mountains | |
| RT | Yukon Territory |
| Northwest Territories | |
| SN | Indexed with territories as applicable. |
| Richat Mountain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .West Africa | |
| ..Mauritania | |
| ...Richat Mountain | |
| RT | impact features |
| SN | E of S border of Spanish Sahara. Also search Richat. |
| Richelieu County Quebec | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Quebec | |
| ...Richelieu County Quebec | |
| Richland County Illinois | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Illinois | |
| ..Richland County Illinois | |
| SN | SE Illinois. |
| Richland County Montana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Montana | |
| ..Richland County Montana | |
| SN | NE Montana. |
| Richland County North Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Dakota | |
| ..Richland County North Dakota | |
| SN | Extreme SE North Dakota. |
| Richland County Ohio | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Ohio | |
| ..Richland County Ohio | |
| SN | N central Ohio. |
| Richland County South Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .South Carolina | |
| ..Richland County South Carolina | |
| NT | Columbia South Carolina |
| SN | Central South Carolina. |
| Richland County Wisconsin | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wisconsin | |
| ..Richland County Wisconsin | |
| SN | S central Wisconsin. |
| Richland Parish Louisiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Richland Parish Louisiana | |
| SN | NE Louisiana. |
| Richland Washington | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Washington | |
| ..Benton County Washington | |
| ...Richland Washington | |
| SN | Village on the Columbia River in S Washington. |
| Richmond Basin | |
|---|---|
| RT | Virginia |
| SN | Small rift basin near Richmond, Virginia. May occur in other locations. Search in conjunction with Virginia. Indexed with counties or regions as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Richmond County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Richmond County Georgia | |
| Richmond County New York | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New York | |
| ..Richmond County New York | |
| Richmond County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Richmond County North Carolina | |
| Richmond County Nova Scotia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Maritime Provinces | |
| ...Nova Scotia | |
| ....Richmond County Nova Scotia | |
| Richmond County Quebec | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Quebec | |
| ...Richmond County Quebec | |
| Richmond County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Richmond County Virginia | |
| Richmond Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Ordovician | |
| ....Upper Ordovician | |
| .....Richmond Group | |
| RT | Kentucky |
| Missouri | |
| Illinois | |
| Indiana | |
| Ohio | |
| Fernvale Formation | |
| Juniata Formation | |
| Queenston Shale | |
| SN | Includes Queenston Shale, Arnheim Formation, Waynesville Formation, Liberty Formation, Whitewater Formation, Sequatchie Formation, Fernvale Limestone, Marnie Shale, Oswego Sandstone, Juniata Formation, Saluda Formation, Elkhorn Formation. |
| Richmond Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Richmond Virginia | |
| RT | Henrico County Virginia |
| SN | City on the James River in but independent of Henrico County, E central Virginia. Indexed with Henrico County Virginia for adjacent areas if applicable. |
| Richmondian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Ordovician | |
| ....Upper Ordovician | |
| .....Cincinnatian | |
| ......Richmondian | |
| SN | North America. Upper Ordovician, above Maysvillian and below Lower Silurian. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Richter Scale | |
|---|---|
| RT | earthquakes |
| magnitude | |
| seismic intensity | |
| seismology | |
| SN | Numerical scale of earthquake magnitude. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| richterite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .chain silicates | |
| ..amphibole group | |
| ...clinoamphibole | |
| ....richterite | |
| Richton Dome | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Mississippi | |
| ..Richton Dome | |
| RT | Gulf Coastal Plain |
| salt domes | |
| Perry County Mississippi | |
| SN | Salt dome, SE Mississippi. Indexed with county as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Ridder Kazakhstan | |
|---|---|
| USE | Leninogorsk Kazakhstan |
| Riddle Oregon | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Oregon | |
| ..Douglas County Oregon | |
| ...Riddle Oregon | |
| SN | Town in SW Oregon. |
| Ridge Basin | |
|---|---|
| RT | Kern County California |
| Los Angeles County California | |
| California | |
| SN | S California. Indexed with counties or region as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Ridge Route Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Ridge Route Formation | |
| RT | California |
| lower Pliocene | |
| upper Miocene | |
| SN | Upper Miocene or lower Pliocene. S California. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| ridges | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. See geomorphology; ocean floors; mid-ocean ridges; mountains. |
| Riding Mountain National Park | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Manitoba | |
| ...Riding Mountain National Park | |
| RT | national parks |
| SN | SW Manitoba. Also search Riding Mountain. |
| riebeckite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .chain silicates | |
| ..amphibole group | |
| ...clinoamphibole | |
| ....riebeckite | |
| RT | crocidolite |
| Ries Basin | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ries Crater |
| Ries Crater | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Bavaria Germany | |
| ....Ries Crater | |
| UF | Nordlingen |
| Nordlinger Ries | |
| Nordlinger Ries Crater | |
| Ries Basin | |
| RT | impact features |
| SN | Meteor crater. Also search Ries. |
| Riesengebirge | |
|---|---|
| USE | Karkonosze Mountains |
| Rietveld refinement | |
|---|---|
| RT | analysis |
| crystal structure | |
| methods | |
| patterns | |
| refinement | |
| spectra | |
| SN | Also search Rietveld analysis or Rietveld method. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rif | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .North Africa | |
| ..Morocco | |
| ...Rif | |
| NT | Beni Bouchera |
| UF | Er Rif |
| Er Riff | |
| Riff | |
| SN | Hilly region constituting part of former Spanish Morocco extending along Mediterranean Sea from E of Melilla on E to Ceuta on W. |
| Riff | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rif |
| Rifle Colorado | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Garfield County Colorado | |
| ...Rifle Colorado | |
| SN | Town on Colorado River in W Colorado. |
| Rift Valley | |
|---|---|
| USE | Great Rift Valley |
| rift valleys | |
|---|---|
| USE | rift zones |
| rift zones | |
|---|---|
| UF | rift valleys |
| rifts | |
| zones, rift | |
| RT | A-type granites |
| tectonics | |
| accommodation zones | |
| plate tectonics | |
| rifting | |
| passive margins | |
| plate divergence | |
| tectonophysics | |
| fault zones | |
| median valley | |
| rifting | |
|---|---|
| RT | accommodation zones |
| accreting plate boundary | |
| accretion | |
| extension tectonics | |
| median valley | |
| oceanization | |
| passive margins | |
| plate boundaries | |
| plate divergence | |
| plate tectonics | |
| rift zones | |
| sea-floor spreading | |
| submarine volcanoes | |
| suture zones | |
| taphrogeny | |
| tesserae | |
| und | |
| SN | As of 1993, also search accreting plate boundary and plate boundaries if applicable. |
| rifts | |
|---|---|
| USE | rift zones |
| Riga Latvia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Baltic region | |
| ..Latvia | |
| ...Riga Latvia | |
| SN | City on Gulf of Riga. |
| Riggins Group | |
|---|---|
| RT | Idaho |
| Mesozoic | |
| Oregon | |
| Paleozoic | |
| SN | W Idaho and E Oregon. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| right-lateral faults | |
|---|---|
| BT | faults |
| .lateral faults | |
| ..right-lateral faults | |
| UF | dextral faults |
| right-lateral slip faults | |
| right-slip faults | |
| RT | left-lateral faults |
| SN | Before 1978, search faults AND (right-lateral OR right-slip). |
| right-lateral slip faults | |
|---|---|
| USE | right-lateral faults |
| right-slip faults | |
|---|---|
| USE | right-lateral faults |
| rigidities, cutoff | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. Usually out-of-scope. Used as cutoff rigidities. |
| rigidity | |
|---|---|
| RT | brittleness |
| elasticity | |
| mechanical properties | |
| rock mechanics | |
| stiffness | |
| stress | |
| rigidity modulus | |
|---|---|
| USE | shear modulus |
| Rijn River | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhine River |
| Rijn Valley | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhine Valley |
| ril |
|---|
| Rila Bulgaria | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Bulgaria | |
| ...Sofia Bulgaria | |
| ....Rila Bulgaria | |
| SN | Village in W Bulgaria. |
| Rila Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Bulgaria | |
| ...Rila Mountains | |
| RT | Rhodope Mountains |
| Bulgarian Rhodope Mountains | |
| SN | Range in SW at W end of the Rhodope Mountains. |
| Riley County Kansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kansas | |
| ..Riley County Kansas | |
| NT | Manhattan Kansas |
| Tuttle Creek Dam | |
| SN | NE Kansas. |
| rilles | |
|---|---|
| RT | gorges |
| Moon | |
| valleys | |
| rills | |
|---|---|
| RT | channels |
| erosion | |
| erosion features | |
| fluvial features | |
| furrows | |
| gullies | |
| hydrology | |
| shore features | |
| soil erosion | |
| streams | |
| waterways | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Rimouski County Quebec | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Quebec | |
| ...Rimouski County Quebec | |
| Rincon Form |
|---|
| Rincon Formation | |
|---|---|
| RT | Bonaire |
| Cretaceous | |
| Miocene | |
| Netherlands Antilles | |
| Oligocene | |
| California | |
| West Indies | |
| SN | Tertiary of SW California. Also Cretaceous of Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles. Indexed with ages as applicable. |
| Rincon Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Arizona | |
| ..Rincon Mountains | |
| RT | Basin and Range Province |
| Cochise County Arizona | |
| Pima County Arizona | |
| SN | SE Arizona. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| ring | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1976. After 1976, see ring dikes. After 1977, also see ring structures and ring complexes. |
| ring complexes | |
|---|---|
| BT | intrusions |
| .ring complexes | |
| RT | ring structures |
| dikes | |
| complexes | |
| ring dikes | |
| ring dikes | |
|---|---|
| BT | intrusions |
| .dikes | |
| ..ring dikes | |
| UF | ring-fracture intrusion |
| RT | ring structures |
| ring complexes | |
| dike swarms | |
| SN | Before 1976, also search ring. |
| ring structures | |
|---|---|
| RT | arcuate structures |
| dikes | |
| intrusions | |
| ring complexes | |
| ring dikes | |
| ring-fracture intrusion | |
|---|---|
| USE | ring dikes |
| Ringerike | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Scandinavia | |
| ...Norway | |
| ....Ringerike | |
| SN | Region NW of Oslo. |
| Ringerike Sandstone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Ringerike Sandstone | |
| RT | Silurian |
| Devonian | |
| Norway | |
| SN | Included in Ringerike Series. S Norway. Indexed with ages as applicable. |
| Ringgold County Iowa | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Iowa | |
| ..Ringgold County Iowa | |
| Ringold Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Pliocene | |
| .....Ringold Formation | |
| RT | Pleistocene |
| Washington | |
| Oregon | |
| SN | Pliocene. Previously considered middle and upper Pleistocene. NE Oregon and SE Washington. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| rings, planetary | |
|---|---|
| USE | planetary rings |
| rings, tree | |
|---|---|
| USE | tree rings |
| rinneite | |
|---|---|
| BT | halides |
| .chlorides | |
| ..rinneite | |
| Rio Amazonas | |
|---|---|
| USE | Amazon River |
| Rio Arriba County New Mexico | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New Mexico | |
| ..Rio Arriba County New Mexico | |
| NT | Nacimiento Mountains |
| Tierra Amarilla New Mexico | |
| RT | Taos Plateau |
| SN | NW New Mexico. |
| Rio Blanco Basin | |
|---|---|
| UF | Blanco River basin |
| RT | Salta Argentina |
| SN | River basin in NW Argentina. May occur in other locations. Also search Rio Blanco in combination with area. Indexed with provinces or countries as applicable. |
| Rio Blanco County Colorado | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Rio Blanco County Colorado | |
| NT | Rangely Colorado |
| RT | White River Plateau |
| Rangely Field | |
| SN | NW Colorado. |
| Rio Bonito Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Rio Bonito Formation | |
| RT | Brazil |
| upper Paleozoic | |
| Rio Bravo | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rio Grande |
| Rio Bravo del Norte | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rio Grande |
| Rio Claro Brazil | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Sao Paulo Brazil | |
| ...Rio Claro Brazil | |
| SN | City in E central Sao Paulo, S Brazil. |
| Rio de Janeiro | |
|---|---|
| SN | No longer a valid term for GeoRef. See Rio de Janeiro Brazil for the state or Rio de Janeiro City Brazil. |
| Rio de Janeiro Brazil | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Rio de Janeiro Brazil | |
| NT | Angra dos Reis Brazil |
| Guanabara Bay | |
| Itaborai Brazil | |
| Macacu River | |
| Rio de Janeiro City Brazil | |
| SN | State in SE Brazil. Before 1981, this term was used for both the city and the state. Before 1993, also search Guanabara. |
| Rio de Janeiro City Brazil | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Rio de Janeiro Brazil | |
| ...Rio de Janeiro City Brazil | |
| RT | Maranhao Basin |
| SN | City in S Rio de Janeiro, SE Brazil. Before 1981, also search Rio de Janeiro Brazil. |
| Rio de la Plata | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Rio de la Plata | |
| UF | Rio de la Plata Estuary |
| River Plate | |
| RT | Argentina |
| Parana River | |
| Uruguay | |
| SN | Estuary of the combined Parana River and the Uruguay River. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| Rio de la Plata Estuary | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rio de la Plata |
| Rio Grande | |
|---|---|
| UF | Grande River |
| Rio Bravo | |
| Rio Bravo del Norte | |
| Rio Grande River | |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Colorado | |
| Texas | |
| Alamosa River | |
| Chihuahua Mexico | |
| Tamaulipas Mexico | |
| Rio Grande Valley | |
| Coahuila Mexico | |
| Nuevo Leon Mexico | |
| SN | River which rises in SW Colorado and flows S and then SE into the Gulf of Mexico. May occur in other locations. Indexed with Mexican and U.S. states as applicable. |
| Rio Grande County Colorado | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Rio Grande County Colorado | |
| RT | Alamosa River |
| Summitville Mine | |
| SN | S Colorado. |
| Rio Grande Depression | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Rio Grande Depression | |
| RT | Texas |
| Tamaulipas Mexico | |
| SN | Lower Rio Grande Valley. Indexed with Mexican and U. S. states as applicable. |
| Rio Grande do Norte Brazil | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Rio Grande do Norte Brazil | |
| NT | Potiguar Basin |
| RT | Borborema |
| SN | State on the Atlantic Ocean in extreme NE Brazil. |
| Rio Grande do Sul Brazil | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Rio Grande do Sul Brazil | |
| NT | Encruzilhada do Sul Brazil |
| Sao Gabriel Brazil | |
| RT | Itarare Subgroup |
| Pelotas Basin | |
| SN | State in extreme S Brazil. |
| Rio Grande Rift | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Rio Grande Rift | |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Colorado | |
| Texas | |
| Chihuahua Mexico | |
| Chihuahua tectonic belt | |
| Coahuila Mexico | |
| Taos Plateau | |
| Hueco Bolson | |
| Espanola Basin | |
| SN | Indexed with Mexican and U.S. states as applicable. |
| Rio Grande Rise | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .South Atlantic | |
| ..Rio Grande Rise | |
| RT | Leg 39 |
| Leg 72 | |
| DSDP Site 22 | |
| DSDP Site 357 | |
| DSDP Site 516 | |
| DSDP Site 517 | |
| SN | SW Atlantic Ocean. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rio Grande River | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rio Grande |
| Rio Grande Valley | |
|---|---|
| RT | Chihuahua Mexico |
| Coahuila Mexico | |
| Mexico | |
| North America | |
| Nuevo Leon Mexico | |
| Rio Grande | |
| Colorado | |
| New Mexico | |
| Tamaulipas Mexico | |
| Texas | |
| SN | Several possible locations. Indexed with North America or Mexican and U. S. states as applicable. |
| Rio Negro | |
|---|---|
| UF | Negro River |
| RT | Brazil |
| South America | |
| Colombia | |
| Venezuela | |
| Amazonas Venezuela | |
| SN | River in NW South America. Flows into the Amazon River. Also occurs in numerous other locations. Search in combination with country. Indexed with countries or continent as applicable. |
| Rio Negro Argentina | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Argentina | |
| ..Rio Negro Argentina | |
| RT | Patagonia |
| Neuquen Basin | |
| SN | Province in central Argentina. |
| Rio Negro Meteorite | |
|---|---|
| BT | meteorites |
| .stony meteorites | |
| ..chondrites | |
| ...L chondrites | |
| ....Rio Negro Meteorite | |
| RT | Brazil |
| SN | Impact in Brazil. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Rio Negro Uruguay | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Uruguay | |
| ..Rio Negro Uruguay | |
| SN | Department in W Uruguay. |
| Rio Puerco | |
|---|---|
| UF | Puerco River |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Bernalillo County New Mexico | |
| McKinley County New Mexico | |
| Apache County Arizona | |
| Arizona | |
| Sandoval County New Mexico | |
| Navajo County Arizona | |
| Valencia County New Mexico | |
| Socorro County New Mexico | |
| SN | River generally flowing N-S through Sandoval, Bernalillo, Valencia and Socorro counties, central New Mexico. Also a river flowing W from McKinley County, NW New Mexico to Apache and Navajo counties, NE Arizona. Indexed with states and counties as applicab |
| Rio Tinto Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | elva Spain |
| .Rio Tinto Spain | |
| UF | Riotinto Spain |
| SN | Town in copper mining area of W Betic Cordillera in SW Spain. |
| Rioni Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Georgian Republic | |
| ..Rioni Basin | |
| RT | Colchis |
| SN | River basin in W Georgian Republic. Also search Rioni; Rioni River. |
| Riotinto Spain | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rio Tinto Spain |
| rip rap | |
|---|---|
| USE | riprap |
| riparian environment | |
|---|---|
| RT | aquatic environment |
| ecology | |
| floodplains | |
| fluvial environment | |
| revegetation | |
| river banks | |
| rivers | |
| rivers and streams | |
| vegetation | |
| SN | Also search fluvial environment if applicable. Indexed with fluvial environment if applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1998. |
| Riphean | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Proterozoic | |
| ...Neoproterozoic | |
| ....Riphean | |
| NT | Taratash Complex |
| upper Riphean | |
| RT | Eocambrian |
| Ediacaran | |
| SN | Europe. |
| Ripley County Indiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indiana |
| .Ripley County Indiana | |
| NT | Versailles Indiana |
| SN | SE Indiana. |
| Ripley County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Ripley County Missouri | |
| Ripley Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Ripley Formation | |
| RT | Kentucky |
| Missouri | |
| Illinois | |
| Mississippi | |
| Alabama | |
| Georgia | |
| Tennessee | |
| Selma Group | |
| SN | In Selma Group. Includes Coon Creek Tongue, Chiwapa Sandstone Member, McNairy Sand Member, Keownville Limestone Member. Alabama, Georgia, S Illinois, W Kentucky, SE Missouri, N and central Mississippi, and W Tennessee. |
| ripple drift-cross laminations | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary structures |
| .planar bedding structures | |
| ..ripple drift-cross laminations | |
| UF | ripple-cross-laminations |
| RT | laminations |
| cross-laminations | |
| ripple marks | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary structures |
| .bedding plane irregularities | |
| ..ripple marks | |
| RT | sand waves |
| primary structures | |
| sand ridges | |
| Bouma sequence | |
| SN | Also index primary structures if applicable (See list K.) |
| ripple-cross-laminations | |
|---|---|
| USE | ripple drift-cross laminations |
| riprap | |
|---|---|
| UF | rip rap |
| RT | erosion |
| dams | |
| embankments | |
| slope stability | |
| shorelines | |
| waterways | |
| erosion control | |
| channels | |
| revetments | |
| river banks | |
| seawalls | |
| rise, continental | |
|---|---|
| USE | continental rise |
| rising springs | |
|---|---|
| USE | resurgence |
| risk assessment | |
|---|---|
| RT | aquifer vulnerability |
| decision-making | |
| DRASTIC | |
| environmental analysis | |
| environmental effects | |
| environmental geology | |
| geologic hazards | |
| impact statements | |
| public awareness | |
| recurrence interval | |
| safety | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| risk, seismic | |
|---|---|
| USE | seismic risk |
| Riss | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Quarternary | |
| ....Pleistocene | |
| .....Riss | |
| SN | Europe. Above Mindel, below Wurm. |
| Riss-Wurm | |
|---|---|
| USE | Riss/Wurm Interglacial |
| Riss-Wurm Interglacial | |
|---|---|
| USE | Riss/Wurm Interglacial |
| Riss/Wurm Interglacial | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Quarternary | |
| ....Pleistocene | |
| .....Riss/Wurm Interglacial | |
| UF | Riss-Wurm |
| Riss-Wurm Interglacial | |
| RT | Sangamonian |
| SN | Europe. A term applied in the Alps to the third interglacial stage of the Pleistocene Epoch, after the Riss glacial stage and before the Wurm. |
| Rita Blanca Lake | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Rita Blanca Lake | |
| SN | Formed by Rita Blanca Dam on Rita Blanca Creek in Texas panhandle. |
| Ritchie County West Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .West Virginia | |
| ..Ritchie County West Virginia | |
| SN | NW West Virginia. |
| Riukiu Islands | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ryukyu Islands |
| river banks | |
|---|---|
| UF | riverbanks |
| RT | embankments |
| geomorphology | |
| fluvial features | |
| rivers | |
| rivers and streams | |
| waterways | |
| riprap | |
| riparian environment | |
| SN | For the sedimentary structures, see banks. Also index fluvial features if applicable. |
| river basins | |
|---|---|
| SN | After 1992, use drainage basins. |
| river capture | |
|---|---|
| USE | stream capture |
| River Formatio |
|---|
| River Mountains | |
|---|---|
| RT | Clark County Nevada |
| SN | SE Nevada. Indexed with county as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| river piracy | |
|---|---|
| USE | stream capture |
| river plain | |
|---|---|
| USE | alluvial plains |
| River Plate | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rio de la Plata |
| Rivera fracture zone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Pacific Ocean |
| .North Pacific | |
| ..Northeast Pacific | |
| ...Rivera fracture zone | |
| SN | NE Pacific, off Mexico. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rivera Ocean Seismic Experiment | |
|---|---|
| UF | ROSE |
| RT | seismology |
| oceanography | |
| transform faults | |
| seismic methods | |
| marine geology | |
| Pacific Ocean | |
| marine methods | |
| Equatorial Pacific | |
| East Pacific Rise | |
| oceanic crust | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rivera Plate | |
|---|---|
| RT | Nayarit Mexico |
| plate tectonics | |
| plates | |
| Northeast Pacific | |
| Sinaloa Mexico | |
| SN | Small present-day plate situated between Pacific, North American and Cocos plates off the Sinaloa-Nayarit coast of Mexico. Indexed with geographic area and/or age as applicable. |
| riverbanks | |
|---|---|
| USE | river banks |
| riverine environment | |
|---|---|
| USE | fluvial environment |
| rivers and streams | |
|---|---|
| RT | avulsion |
| bedforms | |
| channel geometry | |
| culverts | |
| drainage basins | |
| estuaries | |
| floods | |
| fluvial currents | |
| fluvial environment | |
| fluvial features | |
| hydrogeology | |
| hydrology | |
| hydrosphere | |
| ice streams | |
| knickpoints | |
| low water | |
| meanders | |
| oxbow lakes | |
| precipitation | |
| riparian environment | |
| SN | Used for hydrology and waterways. Use rivers for geomorphologic studies. |
| Riverside California | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Riverside County California | |
| ...Riverside California | |
| SN | City on Santa Ana River in S California. |
| Riviere-du-Loup County Quebec | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Quebec | |
| ...Riviere-du-Loup County Quebec | |
| Riyadh Saudi Arabia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Arabian Peninsula | |
| ..Saudi Arabia | |
| ...Riyadh Saudi Arabia | |
| rlan County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| NT | Benham Kentucky |
| Cumberland Kentucky | |
| Rn | |
|---|---|
| USE | radon |
| Rn-220 | |
|---|---|
| BT | isotopes |
| .radioactive isotopes | |
| ..Rn-220 | |
| BT | noble gases |
| .radon | |
| ..Rn-220 | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rn-222 | |
|---|---|
| BT | isotopes |
| .radioactive isotopes | |
| ..Rn-222 | |
| BT | noble gases |
| .radon | |
| ..Rn-222 | |
| UF | radon-222 |
| thoron | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| RNA | |
|---|---|
| UF | ribonucleic acid |
| RT | acids |
| DNA | |
| organic acids | |
| biologic evolution | |
| proteins | |
| molecular biology | |
| life origin | |
| SN | Acronym. |
| rney County Oregon | |
|---|---|
| NT | Steens Mountain |
| ro |
|---|
| road log | |
|---|---|
| UF | log, road |
| RT | maps |
| guidebook | |
| field trips | |
| road materials | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef index term after 1970. See construction materials; gravel deposits; aggregate; asphalt; cement materials. |
| Road River Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Road River Formation | |
| RT | Ordovician |
| Silurian | |
| Lower Devonian | |
| Alaska | |
| British Columbia | |
| Yukon Territory | |
| Upper Cambrian | |
| Northwest Territories | |
| SN | Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| road tests | |
|---|---|
| RT | engineering geology |
| highways | |
| testing | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Roadian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Guadalupian | |
| .....Roadian | |
| Roadless Area Review & Evaluation, Phase II | |
|---|---|
| USE | RARE II regions |
| roads | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. See highways. |
| Roan Supergroup | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Roan Supergroup | |
| RT | South Carolina |
| North Carolina | |
| Georgia | |
| Tennessee | |
| SN | Interlayered with Carolina Gneiss in Spruce Pine District. N Georgia, W North Carolina, NW South Carolina, and E Tennessee. |
| Roane County Tennessee | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Roane County Tennessee | |
| RT | Oak Ridge National Laboratory |
| SN | E Tennessee. |
| Roane County West Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .West Virginia | |
| ..Roane County West Virginia | |
| RT | Granny Creek Field |
| SN | W West Virginia. |
| Roanoke County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Roanoke County Virginia | |
| RT | Roanoke Virginia |
| SN | SW Virginia. Also search Roanoke Virginia and/or Salem Virginia if applicable. |
| Roanoke Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Roanoke Virginia | |
| RT | Roanoke County Virginia |
| SN | City on Roanoke River in but independent of Roanoke County, SW Virginia. Indexed with Roanoke County Virginia for adjacent areas if applicable. |
| Roaring Brook Valley | |
|---|---|
| RT | Hartford County Connecticut |
| New York | |
| Tolland County Connecticut | |
| SN | Valley in Hartford County and another in Tolland County, Connecticut. Also occurs in the Adirondacks of NE New York and in other locations. Indexed with counties as applicable. |
| robbery | |
|---|---|
| USE | stream capture |
| Robertinacea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Foraminifera | |
| ...Rotaliina | |
| ....Robertinacea | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Superfamily. Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Roberts County South Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .South Dakota | |
| ..Roberts County South Dakota | |
| Roberts County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Roberts County Texas | |
| Roberts Mountain Allochthon | |
|---|---|
| USE | Roberts Mountains Allochthon |
| Roberts Mountains | |
|---|---|
| RT | Eureka County Nevada |
| SN | Eureka County in central Nevada. Indexed with county or region as applicable. |
| Roberts Mountains Allochthon | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nevada | |
| ..Roberts Mountains Allochthon | |
| UF | Roberts Mountain Allochthon |
| RT | Elko County Nevada |
| Eureka County Nevada | |
| SN | Central Nevada. Indexed with county or counties as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Roberts Mountains Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Silurian | |
| ....Middle Silurian | |
| .....Roberts Mountains Formation | |
| RT | Utah |
| Nevada | |
| SN | Underlies Rabbit Hill Formation. E Nevada, and W Utah. |
| Robertson Bay Group | |
|---|---|
| RT | Antarctica |
| Cambrian | |
| Neoproterozoic | |
| Ordovician | |
| Victoria Land | |
| SN | N Victoria Land. Neoproterozoic to Ordovician. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Robertson County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Robertson County Kentucky | |
| Robertson County Tennessee | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Robertson County Tennessee | |
| Robertson County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Robertson County Texas | |
| Robeson County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Robeson County North Carolina | |
| Robles Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Robles Formation | |
| RT | West Indies |
| Puerto Rico | |
| Roca Formation | |
|---|---|
| RT | Argentina |
| Council Grove Group | |
| Danian | |
| K-T boundary | |
| Kansas | |
| Maestrichtian | |
| Nebraska | |
| Oklahoma | |
| Wolfcampian | |
| SN | K-T age (Maestrichtian-Danian) or Paleocene of Argentina. Also a Wolfcampian member of the Council Grove Group in NE Kansas, SE Nebraska, and N Oklahoma. Indexed with age or ages as applicable. |
| Roccamonfina | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Campania Italy | |
| ....Roccamonfina | |
| RT | volcanoes |
| SN | Volcano in NW Campania, S Italy. |
| Rochechouart France | |
|---|---|
| BT | ute-Vienne France |
| .Rochechouart France | |
| RT | impact features |
| SN | Town in Haute-Vienne, W central France. |
| Rochester Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Silurian | |
| ....Middle Silurian | |
| .....Rochester Formation | |
| RT | Ontario |
| Pennsylvania | |
| New York | |
| Maryland | |
| West Virginia | |
| Clinton Group | |
| Keefer Sandstone | |
| SN | Includes Keefer Sandstone Member, Decew Waterlime Bed. |
| Rochester New York | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New York | |
| ..Monroe County New York | |
| ...Rochester New York | |
| SN | City on S Lake Ontario in W New York. |
| rock bursts | |
|---|---|
| UF | bursts, rock |
| rockbursts | |
| RT | mining geology |
| geologic hazards | |
| rock carvings | |
|---|---|
| USE | petroglyphs |
| Rock County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Rock County Minnesota | |
| Rock County Nebraska | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nebraska | |
| ..Rock County Nebraska | |
| Rock County Wisconsin | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wisconsin | |
| ..Rock County Wisconsin | |
| Rock Creek Park | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Rock Creek Park | |
| RT | District of Columbia |
| Montgomery County Maryland | |
| SN | Also search Rock Creek. Indexed with county and/or region as applicable. |
| rock creep | |
|---|---|
| USE | creep |
| rock crystal | |
|---|---|
| USE | quartz crystal |
| rock descriptions | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid GeoRef index term after 1970. See igneous rocks; metamorphic rocks; sedimentary rocks. |
| Rock Eval | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rock-Eval |
| rock failure | |
|---|---|
| USE | failures |
| rock glaciers | |
|---|---|
| BT | glaciers |
| .rock glaciers | |
| RT | glacial geology |
| permafrost | |
| gravity flows | |
| boulders | |
| frost action | |
| ice | |
| Rock Island County Illinois | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Illinois | |
| ..Rock Island County Illinois | |
| NT | Rock Island Illinois |
| SN | NW Illinois. |
| Rock Island Illinois | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Illinois | |
| ..Rock Island County Illinois | |
| ...Rock Island Illinois | |
| SN | City on Mississippi River in NW Illinois. |
| Rock Lake Shale Member | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Pennsylvanian | |
| .....Upper Pennsylvanian | |
| ......Missourian | |
| .......Rock Lake Shale Member | |
| RT | Missouri |
| Nebraska | |
| Kansas | |
| Stanton Formation | |
| SN | Of Stanton Limestone. E Kansas, NW Missouri, and SE Nebraska. |
| rock masses | |
|---|---|
| RT | rock mechanics |
| SN | Used in engineering to characterize material which includes a volume of earth (rock, soil, water, and air-filled voids) and its discontinuities. |
| rock mecha |
|---|
| rock mechanics | |
|---|---|
| RT | acoustical emissions |
| asperities | |
| Atterberg limits | |
| biaxial tests | |
| boundary conditions | |
| brittle materials | |
| brittleness | |
| case studies | |
| cohesive materials | |
| competent materials | |
| compressive strength | |
| congelifraction | |
| constitutive equations | |
| cracks | |
| cryoturbation | |
| dams | |
| defo | |
| SN | Used for geotechnical studies. |
| rock pressure | |
|---|---|
| USE | lithostatic pressure |
| rock salt | |
|---|---|
| USE | halite |
| rock slides | |
|---|---|
| USE | rockslides |
| rock slip | |
|---|---|
| USE | rockslides |
| Rock Springs Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Rock Springs Formation | |
| RT | Utah |
| Wyoming | |
| Mesaverde Group | |
| Hilliard Shale | |
| SN | In Mesaverde Group. Includes McCourt Tongue and Glades coal bed. NE Utah and SW Wyoming. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Rock Springs Uplift | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wyoming | |
| ..Rock Springs Uplift | |
| RT | Rocky Mountains |
| Sweetwater County Wyoming | |
| Rock Springs Wyoming | |
| SN | SW Wyoming. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rock Springs Wyoming | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wyoming | |
| ..Sweetwater County Wyoming | |
| ...Rock Springs Wyoming | |
| RT | Rock Springs Uplift |
| SN | City in SW Wyoming. |
| rock varn |
|---|
| rock varnish | |
|---|---|
| UF | desert varnish |
| RT | exposure age |
| iron oxides | |
| weathering | |
| arid environment | |
| deserts | |
| manganese oxides | |
| weathering crust | |
| cation-ratio dating | |
| chemical weathering | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rock-Eval | |
|---|---|
| UF | Rock Eval |
| RT | chemical analysis |
| instruments | |
| hydrocarbons | |
| petroleum | |
| kerogen | |
| pyrolysis | |
| SN | Pyrolysis. Standard screening method in petroleum geochemistry. As of 1993, for discussion of instruments and analysis. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| rock-stratigraphy | |
|---|---|
| USE | lithostratigraphy |
| rock-water interaction | |
|---|---|
| USE | water-rock interaction |
| rock-water interface | |
|---|---|
| USE | water-rock interaction |
| Rockall Bank | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Rockall Bank | |
| RT | DSDP Site 117 |
| ODP Site 980 | |
| ODP Site 981 | |
| ODP Site 982 | |
| SN | About 225 miles W of the Hebrides. |
| Rockall Plateau | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Rockall Plateau | |
| UF | Rockall Rise |
| RT | Leg 48 |
| Leg 12 | |
| DSDP Site 116 | |
| DSDP Site 117 | |
| DSDP Site 403 | |
| DSDP Site 404 | |
| DSDP Site 405 | |
| DSDP Site 406 | |
| DSDP Site 552 | |
| Leg 81 | |
| DSDP Site 553 | |
| DSDP Site 554 | |
| DSDP Site 555 | |
| SN | Rise or submarine plateau just N of Rockall Bank W of the Hebrides. |
| Rockall Rise | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rockall Plateau |
| Rockall Trench | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rockall Trough |
| Rockall Trough | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Rockall Trough | |
| UF | Rockall Trench |
| RT | DSDP Site 610 |
| SN | SE of Rockall Bank W of the Hebrides. |
| Rockbridge County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Rockbridge County Virginia | |
| SN | W Virginia. Also search Buena Vista Virginia and/or Lexington Virginia if applicable. |
| rockbridgeite | |
|---|---|
| BT | phosphates |
| .rockbridgeite | |
| rockbursts | |
|---|---|
| USE | rock bursts |
| Rockcastle County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Rockcastle County Kentucky | |
| Rockdale County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Rockdale County Georgia | |
| rockfalls | |
|---|---|
| BT | mass movements |
| .rockfalls | |
| RT | slope stability |
| geomorphology | |
| rockfill dams | |
|---|---|
| BT | dams |
| .rockfill dams | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| Rockhampton Australia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Australia | |
| ..Queensland Australia | |
| ...Rockhampton Australia | |
| SN | City in E Queensland. |
| Rockingham County New Hampshire | |
|---|---|
| BT | w Hampshire |
| .Rockingham County New Hampshire | |
| RT | Great Bay |
| SN | SE New Hampshire. |
| Rockingham County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Rockingham County North Carolina | |
| SN | N North Carolina. |
| Rockingham County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Rockingham County Virginia | |
| SN | NW Virginia. Also search Harrisonburg Virginia if applicable. |
| Rockland County New York | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New York | |
| ..Rockland County New York | |
| SN | SE New York. |
| Rocknest Formation | |
|---|---|
| RT | Australia |
| Northwest Territories | |
| Paleoproterozoic | |
| Western Australia | |
| SN | Paleoproterozoic of Northwest Territories. May also occur in Western Australia. Indexed with age as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| rocks and ores | |
|---|---|
| SN | Used in subfile G. See metal ores; rocks; igneous rocks; metamorphic rocks; sedimentary rocks; crystalline rocks; mineral resources. |
| rockslides | |
|---|---|
| BT | mass movements |
| .rockslides | |
| UF | rock slides |
| rock slip | |
| RT | geomorphology |
| landslides | |
| Rockwall County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Rockwall County Texas | |
| Rockwood Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Silurian | |
| ....Rockwood Formation | |
| RT | Georgia |
| Tennessee | |
| SN | Lower and Middle Silurian. Underlies Hancock Limestone; overlies Sequatchie Formation. E Tennessee and NW Georgia. |
| Rocky Flats Plant | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Rocky Flats Plant | |
| RT | Boulder County Colorado |
| nuclear facilities | |
| Jefferson County Colorado | |
| Superfund | |
| SN | Environmental technology site. Formerly a plutonium processing site. Chiefly in Jefferson County, between Boulder and Golden, north-central Colorado. Indexed with Jefferson County Colorado and/or Boulder County Colorado as applicable. Added to Thesaurus i |
| Rocky Mountain Arsenal | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Adams County Colorado | |
| ...Rocky Mountain Arsenal | |
| SN | NE central Colorado. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rocky Mountain foreland | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rocky Mountains foreland |
| Rocky Mountain National Park | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Rocky Mountain National Park | |
| RT | national parks |
| Grand County Colorado | |
| Boulder County Colorado | |
| Front Range | |
| Larimer County Colorado | |
| SN | N Colorado, in Boulder, Grand and Larimer counties. Indexed with counties as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Rocky Mountain Trench | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Rocky Mountain Trench | |
| RT | Montana |
| British Columbia | |
| Yukon Territory | |
| Rocky Mountains | |
| Northern Rocky Mountains | |
| SN | A trough in the Northern Rockies, E of the interior plateau of British Columbia, between a series of parallel ranges extending WNW from Montana to the headwaters of the Yukon River. Indexed with British Columbia, Washington, and/or Yukon Territory as appl |
| Rocky Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Rocky Mountains | |
| NT | Canadian Rocky Mountains |
| Central Rocky Mountains | |
| Northern Rocky Mountains | |
| Selkirk Mountains | |
| Southern Rocky Mountains | |
| U. S. Rocky Mountains | |
| RT | Canada |
| Alaska | |
| North American Cordillera | |
| Canadian Cordillera | |
| Disturbed Belt | |
| Cariboo Mountains | |
| Colorado Lineament | |
| Laramide Orogeny | |
| Franklin Mountains | |
| Madison Range | |
| Mackenzie Mountains | |
| Rocky Mountain Trench | |
| Rock Springs Uplift | |
| Rocky Mountains foreland | |
| Semino | |
| SN | Mountain system in W North America extending from N Alaska to the Mexican frontier. Indexed with Alaska, and countries as applicable. |
| Rocky Mountains foreland | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Rocky Mountains foreland | |
| UF | Rocky Mountain foreland |
| RT | Rocky Mountains |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Rocroi France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Ardennes France | |
| ....Rocroi France | |
| UF | Rocroy France |
| RT | Ardennes |
| SN | Town in N France. |
| Rocroy France | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rocroi France |
| Rodentia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Rodentia | |
| NT | Castoridae |
| Caviomorpha | |
| Hystricomorpha | |
| Myomorpha | |
| Sciuromorpha | |
| SN | Order. |
| Rodessa Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Lower Cretaceous | |
| .....Rodessa Formation | |
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Comanchean | |
| .....Rodessa Formation | |
| RT | Louisiana |
| Mississippi | |
| Texas | |
| Trinity Group | |
| Arkansas | |
| SN | In Trinity Group. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Rodez Pass | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rodez Trough |
| Rodez Trough | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Rodez Trough | |
| UF | Rodez Pass |
| RT | Aveyron France |
| Haute-Garonne France | |
| Tarn France | |
| SN | Between Segala Plateau in S and Causse du Comtal in N. Also search Rodez. Indexed with departments as applicable. |
| rodingite | |
|---|---|
| BT | igneous rocks |
| .plutonic rocks | |
| ..gabbros | |
| ...rodingite | |
| Rodinia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Proterozoic | |
| ...Neoproterozoic | |
| ....Rodinia | |
| RT | plate tectonics |
| supercontinents | |
| SN | Supercontinent assembled during the Grenvillian Orogeny. Indexed with countries and continents as applicable. |
| Rodna Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Transylvania | |
| ....Rodna Mountains | |
| UF | Rodnei Mountains |
| RT | Carpathians |
| Transylvanian Alps | |
| SN | Range of the Carpathians along border between Maramures and Cluj Counties in N Transylvania. |
| Rodna Romania | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Transylvania | |
| ....Rodna Romania | |
| SN | Village in NE Cluj County in NE Transylvania. |
| Rodnei Mountains | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rodna Mountains |
| Rodrigues Island | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rodriguez Island |
| Rodrigues triple junction | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rodriguez triple junction |
| Rodriguez Island | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indian Ocean Islands |
| .Mascarene Islands | |
| ..Rodriguez Island | |
| UF | Rodrigues Island |
| SN | A dependency of Mauritius in the Mascarene Islands about 500 miles E of Madagascar. |
| Rodriguez triple junction | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indian Ocean |
| .Rodriguez triple junction | |
| UF | Rodrigues triple junction |
| RT | Southwest Indian Ridge |
| Southeast Indian Ridge | |
| Central Indian Ridge | |
| triple junctions | |
| SN | Spreading center near 70#DGE 25#DG30'S in the south-central Indian Ocean. Junction of the Central Indian Ridge, Southeast Indian Ridge, and Southwest Indian Ridge. Indexed with Southeast Indian Ridge, Southwest Indian Ridge, and/or Central Indian Ridge as |
| roedderite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .ring silicates | |
| ..roedderite | |
| RT | meteorites |
| SN | Meteorite mineral. |
| roemerite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sulfates |
| .roemerite | |
| Roermond earthquake 1992 | |
|---|---|
| BT | earthquakes |
| .Roermond earthquake 1992 | |
| RT | Netherlands |
| Limburg | |
| Limburg Netherlands | |
| SN | Epicenter in Limburg, SW Netherlands. |
| roestone | |
|---|---|
| USE | oolite |
| Rogaland Norway | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Scandinavia | |
| ...Norway | |
| ....Rogaland Norway | |
| NT | Sandnes Norway |
| Sogndal Norway | |
| Stavanger Norway | |
| SN | County in SW Norway. |
| Roger Mills County Oklahoma | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Oklahoma | |
| ..Roger Mills County Oklahoma | |
| Rogers County Oklahoma | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Oklahoma | |
| ..Rogers County Oklahoma | |
| roggianite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .orthosilicates | |
| ..sorosilicates | |
| ...roggianite | |
| Rogue River | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Oregon | |
| ..Rogue River | |
| SN | SW Oregon. Also search Rogue. |
| Rokko Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | ogo Japan |
| .Rokko Mountains | |
| SN | NE of Kobe in Hyogo Prefecture, central Honshu. |
| Rolette County North Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Dakota | |
| ..Rolette County North Dakota | |
| roll orebodies | |
|---|---|
| USE | roll-type deposits |
| roll-type deposits | |
|---|---|
| UF | ore rolls |
| roll orebodies | |
| RT | mineral deposits, genesis |
| uranium ores | |
| Roma Italy | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rome Italy |
| Romagna | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Emilia-Romagna Italy | |
| ....Romagna | |
| SN | Historical region in N central Italy on the Adriatic Sea. |
| Romanche Deep | |
|---|---|
| USE | Romanche Trench |
| Romanche fracture zone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .Romanche fracture zone | |
| RT | North Atlantic |
| South Atlantic | |
| Mid-Atlantic Ridge | |
| Equatorial Atlantic | |
| SN | Cuts across the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between the bulge of South America and Liberia. Indexed with Mid-Atlantic Ridge and/or ocean areas as applicable. |
| Romanche Gap | |
|---|---|
| USE | Romanche Trench |
| Romanche Trench | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .Romanche Trench | |
| UF | Romanche Deep |
| Romanche Gap | |
| RT | North Atlantic |
| South Atlantic | |
| Mid-Atlantic Ridge | |
| Equatorial Atlantic | |
| SN | Extends in a NW-SE direction to the SW of the Romanche fracture zone between bulge of South America and Liberia. Indexed with Mid-Atlantic Ridge and/or ocean areas as applicable. |
| Romania Plain | |
|---|---|
| USE | Romanian Plain |
| Romanian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Pliocene | |
| .....upper Pliocene | |
| ......Romanian | |
| SN | Provincial series, Europe. |
| Romanian Dobruja | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Romanian Dobruja | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Dobruja Basin | |
| ...Romanian Dobruja | |
| UF | Dobrogea |
| RT | Altin-Tepe |
| Babadag Lake basin | |
| Constanta Romania | |
| Mangalia Romania | |
| Sulina Romania | |
| Tulcea Romania | |
| SN | Region on the Black Sea. Before 1981, search Dobruja AND Romania. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| Romanian Pannonian Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Pannonian Basin | |
| ..Romanian Pannonian Basin | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Romanian Pannonian Basin | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| Romanian Plain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Romanian Plain | |
| UF | Romania Plain |
| RT | Moldavia |
| Walachia | |
| Siret River | |
| SN | Area between the Transylvanian Alps on the N, and the Danube River on the S and E. Indexed with regions as applicable. |
| Romashkino Field | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Orenburg Russian Federation | |
| ...Romashkino Field | |
| RT | oil and gas fields |
| SN | Orenburg Oblast in Southern Urals. Before 1978, also search Romashkino; Romashkino oil field. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rome Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Cambrian | |
| ....Lower Cambrian | |
| .....Rome Formation | |
| RT | Virginia |
| Alabama | |
| North Carolina | |
| Georgia | |
| Tennessee | |
| Chilhowee Group | |
| SN | Named for exposures south of Rome, Georgia. |
| Rome Italy | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Latium Italy | |
| ....Rome Italy | |
| UF | Roma Italy |
| SN | Province including the city on the Tiber River. |
| Rome Trough | |
|---|---|
| RT | Appalachian Basin |
| Georgia | |
| Kentucky | |
| Southern Appalachians | |
| Tennessee | |
| United States | |
| West Virginia | |
| SN | S Appalachians from Georgia to West Virginia. Indexed with states or region as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Ronda Massif | |
|---|---|
| USE | Serrania de Ronda |
| Ronda Sierra | |
|---|---|
| USE | Serrania de Ronda |
| Ronda, Serrania de | |
|---|---|
| USE | Serrania de Ronda |
| Rondonia Brazil | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Rondonia Brazil | |
| UF | Guapore Brazil |
| SN | State in W Brazil on Bolivian border. |
| Rondout Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Rondout Formation | |
| RT | Lower Devonian |
| Pennsylvania | |
| New York | |
| Upper Silurian | |
| SN | Upper Silurian and Lower Devonian. New York and Pennsylvania. Includes Fuyk Sandstone Member. Indexed with ages as applicable. |
| ronian | |
|---|---|
| NT | Gowganda Formation |
| Onaping Formation | |
| Signal Hill Formation | |
| Ronne Ice Shelf | |
|---|---|
| BT | Antarctica |
| .Ronne Ice Shelf | |
| RT | Weddell Sea |
| Filchner Ice Shelf | |
| SN | Adjacent to Weddell Sea and Filchner Ice Shelf. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| roof control | |
|---|---|
| RT | mines |
| mining geology | |
| underground mining | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rooks County Kansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kansas | |
| ..Rooks County Kansas | |
| SN | NW central Kansas. |
| Roorkee India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Uttar Pradesh India | |
| ....Roorkee India | |
| UF | Rurki India |
| SN | Town in N Uttar Pradesh. |
| Roosevelt County Montana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Montana | |
| ..Roosevelt County Montana | |
| SN | NE Montana. |
| Roosevelt County New Mexico | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New Mexico | |
| ..Roosevelt County New Mexico | |
| SN | E New Mexico. |
| Roosevelt Hot Springs | |
|---|---|
| USE | Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA |
| Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Utah | |
| ..Beaver County Utah | |
| ...Roosevelt Hot Springs KGRA | |
| UF | KGRA, Roosevelt Hot Springs |
| Roosevelt Hot Springs | |
| RT | geothermal fields |
| SN | Known Geothermal Resources Area. SW Utah, in Beaver County. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| root casts | |
|---|---|
| USE | rhizoliths |
| root clay | |
|---|---|
| USE | underclay |
| Root River | |
|---|---|
| RT | Fillmore County Minnesota |
| Houston County Minnesota | |
| Mackenzie District Northwest Territories | |
| Minnesota | |
| Northwest Territories | |
| Racine County Wisconsin | |
| Waukesha County Wisconsin | |
| Wisconsin | |
| SN | River in Fillmore and Houston counties, extreme SE Minnesota. Also in Waukesha and Racine counties, extreme SE Wisconsin. Also in SW Mackenzie District, Northwest Territories. Indexed with states and counties; or province as applicable. Added to Thesaurus |
| roots | |
|---|---|
| RT | flowers |
| fossil wood | |
| fossils | |
| paleobotany | |
| Plantae | |
| rhizoliths | |
| vegetation | |
| wood | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| roquesite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sulfides |
| .roquesite | |
| Roraima Brazil | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Brazil | |
| ..Roraima Brazil | |
| SN | State in N Brazil. |
| Roraima Formation | |
|---|---|
| RT | Brazil |
| Guyana | |
| South America | |
| Venezuela | |
| SN | Tentatively dated from Paleoproterozoic to as young as Miocene. In the Pacaraima Mountains. Indexed with age or ages as applicable. |
| Ros River valley | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Ukraine | |
| ..Ros River valley | |
| SN | W central Ukraine. Also search Ros; Ros River. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rosario Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Rosario Formation | |
| RT | Campanian |
| Mexico | |
| Baja California | |
| Maestrichtian | |
| Point Loma Formation | |
| Roscommon County Michigan | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Michigan | |
| ..Michigan Lower Peninsula | |
| ...Roscommon County Michigan | |
| SN | N central Michigan. |
| ROSE | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rivera Ocean Seismic Experiment |
| Rose Canyon Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Eocene | |
| .....Rose Canyon Formation | |
| RT | California |
| SN | Lower and middle Eocene. Overlies Torrey Sand; underlies Poway Conglomerate. S California. Type section in San Diego County. |
| Rose Hill Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Silurian | |
| ....Middle Silurian | |
| .....Rose Hill Formation | |
| RT | Virginia |
| Pennsylvania | |
| Maryland | |
| Clinton Group | |
| SN | In Clinton Group. Maryland, Pennsylvania and N Virginia. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Rose Run Sandstone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...lower Paleozoic | |
| ....Rose Run Sandstone | |
| RT | Lower Ordovician |
| Kentucky | |
| Ohio | |
| West Virginia | |
| Upper Cambrian | |
| Beekmantown Group | |
| Knox Group | |
| SN | In Knox Group or Beekmantown Group. Upper Cambrian to Lower Ordovician. S Ohio, N Kentucky, and West Virginia. Indexed with age as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Roseau County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Roseau County Minnesota | |
| Rosebery Australia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Australia | |
| ..Tasmania Australia | |
| ...Rosebery Australia | |
| SN | Village in W Tasmania. |
| Rosebud County Montana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Montana | |
| ..Rosebud County Montana | |
| SN | E central Montana. |
| Rosetown Saskatchewan | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Saskatchewan | |
| ...Rosetown Saskatchewan | |
| SN | Town in SW Saskatchewan. |
| Rosia Romania | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Transylvania | |
| ....Bihor Romania | |
| .....Rosia Romania | |
| SN | Village 25 miles SE of Oradea in Bihor County in W Transylvania. |
| Rosidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .Spermatophyta | |
| ..Angiospermae | |
| ...Dicotyledoneae | |
| ....Rosidae | |
| Ross Barrier | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ross Ice Shelf |
| Ross County Ohio | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Ohio | |
| ..Ross County Ohio | |
| Ross Dependency | |
|---|---|
| BT | Antarctica |
| .Ross Dependency | |
| RT | Beacon Supergroup |
| Beacon Valley | |
| Buckley Formation | |
| Beardmore Glacier | |
| Coalsack Bluff | |
| Fremouw Formation | |
| LEW 88516 | |
| Lewis Cliff Meteorites | |
| Wright Valley | |
| SN | Section lying S of 60#DG S and between 160#DG E and 150#DG W extending to the South Pole. Placed under jurisdiction of New Zealand in 1923 by act of British Parliament. Also search Ross and Antarctica. |
| Ross Formation | |
|---|---|
| RT | Antarctica |
| Devonian | |
| Lower Devonian | |
| Middle Devonian | |
| Mississippi | |
| New Zealand | |
| Tasmania Australia | |
| Tennessee | |
| Triassic | |
| SN | Lower Devonian and Middle Devonian. W Tennessee and Mississippi. Also cited in Antarctica, Tasmania (Ross Sandstone, Triassic), and New Zealand. Indexed with ages and locations as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Ross Ice Shelf | |
|---|---|
| BT | Antarctica |
| .Ross Ice Shelf | |
| UF | Ross Barrier |
| RT | Beacon Supergroup |
| Queen Maud Range | |
| Beardmore Glacier | |
| Coalsack Bluff | |
| Fremouw Formation | |
| LEW 88516 | |
| Lewis Cliff Meteorites | |
| Ross Sea | |
| Ross Island | |
| McMurdo Ice Shelf | |
| Shackleton Glacier | |
| SN | Covers S part of Ross Sea between Marie Byrd Land and Victoria Land with its S end at the foot of Queen Maud Range on the edge of the Antarctic continent. Also search Ross and Antarctica. |
| Ross Island | |
|---|---|
| BT | Antarctica |
| .Ross Island | |
| RT | Ross Ice Shelf |
| Mount Erebus | |
| Hut Point Peninsula | |
| SN | In Ross Sea at W end of Ross Ice Shelf separated from Victoria Land by McMurdo Sound. Also search Ross and Antarctica. |
| Ross Orogeny | |
|---|---|
| RT | Antarctica |
| Cambrian | |
| Neoproterozoic | |
| Ordovician | |
| orogeny | |
| Pan-African Orogeny | |
| Queen Maud Land | |
| tectonics | |
| Victoria Land | |
| SN | ?Cambrian-Ordovician. May have begun in the Neoproterozoic. In Transantarctic Mountains, S Victoria Land and Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Ross Sea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Antarctic Ocean |
| .Ross Sea | |
| RT | Pacific Ocean |
| Leg 28 | |
| Ross Ice Shelf | |
| DSDP Site 270 | |
| DSDP Site 271 | |
| DSDP Site 272 | |
| DSDP Site 273 | |
| DSDP Site 274 | |
| Terra Nova Bay | |
| Victoria Land Basin | |
| SN | Arm of S Pacific Ocean just N of Ross Ice Shelf between Victoria Land and Edward VII Peninsula. Also search Ross and Antarctic Ocean. |
| Ross-shire Scotland | |
|---|---|
| BT | ghland region Scotland |
| .Ross-shire Scotland | |
| SN | A separate county until the 17th century but became part of Ross and Cromarty County in N Scotland. In 1974, became part of Highland region. |
| Rosses Granite | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Ireland | |
| ...Donegal Ireland | |
| ....Rosses Granite | |
| SN | In Rosses ring complex. |
| Rossland British Columbia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..British Columbia | |
| ...Rossland British Columbia | |
| SN | City in SE British Columbia. |
| Rostock Bezirk | |
|---|---|
| SN | No longer a valid term for GeoRef. District in N East Germany. See Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Germany. |
| Rostov Russian Federation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Rostov Russian Federation | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Rostov Russian Federation | |
| NT | Azov Russian Federation |
| Rostov-na-Donu Russian Federation | |
| SN | Oblast in Black Sea region, Russian Federation. Before 1993, Rostov Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rostov-na-Donu Russian Federation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Rostov Russian Federation | |
| ...Rostov-na-Donu Russian Federation | |
| RT | Don River |
| SN | City in Rostov (oblast). Before 1993, Rostov-na-Donu Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rostroconchia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Mollusca | |
| ..Rostroconchia | |
| Rotalia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Foraminifera | |
| ...Rotaliina | |
| ....Rotaliacea | |
| .....Rotalia | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Genus. Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Rotaliacea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Foraminifera | |
| ...Rotaliina | |
| ....Rotaliacea | |
| NT | Ammonia |
| Elphidium | |
| Heterostegina | |
| Miogypsinidae | |
| Nummulitidae | |
| Rotalia | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Rotaliina | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Foraminifera | |
| ...Rotaliina | |
| NT | Buliminacea |
| Carterinacea | |
| Cassidulinacea | |
| Discorbacea | |
| Globigerinacea | |
| Lagenidae | |
| Nodosariacea | |
| Orbitoidacea | |
| Robertinacea | |
| Rotaliacea | |
| Spirillinacea | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Rotalipora | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Foraminifera | |
| ...Rotaliina | |
| ....Globigerinacea | |
| .....Rotalipora | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Genus. Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| rotation | |
|---|---|
| RT | Earth |
| length of day | |
| motions | |
| plate rotation | |
| torque | |
| SN | See plate rotation. |
| rotational wave | |
|---|---|
| USE | S-waves |
| Rotliegendes | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Rotliegendes | |
| RT | Lower Permian |
| Autunian | |
| Middle Permian | |
| Leman Sandstone Formation | |
| Saxonian | |
| SN | Europe. Below Zechstein. |
| Rotterdam Netherlands | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Netherlands | |
| ...Rotterdam Netherlands | |
| SN | South Holland Province, SW Netherlands. |
| Rottleberode Germany | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Saxony-Anhalt Germany | |
| ....Rottleberode Germany | |
| SN | Village in Saxony-Anhalt, E Germany. |
| Rouen France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Seine-Maritime France | |
| ....Rouen France | |
| SN | City on the Seine River in S Seine-Maritime, N France. |
| Rouergue | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Rouergue | |
| RT | Aveyron France |
| Tarn-et-Garonne France | |
| SN | Ancient province. Primarily in Aveyron Department in S central France. Indexed with departments as applicable. |
| Rough Creek fault zone | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Rough Creek fault zone | |
| SN | W Kentucky. |
| roughness | |
|---|---|
| RT | hydraulics |
| permeability | |
| reservoir rocks | |
| Roumania | |
|---|---|
| USE | Romania |
| Round Mountain | |
|---|---|
| RT | Nye County Nevada |
| SN | Location of gold deposits in Nye County, S central Nevada. Also in numerous other locations. Indexed with state or region as applicable. |
| rounding | |
|---|---|
| RT | particles |
| pebbles | |
| roundness | |
| sand | |
| sedimentary rocks | |
| sorting | |
| roundness | |
|---|---|
| RT | particles |
| rounding | |
| sediments | |
| shape analysis | |
| sphericity | |
| Roussillon | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Roussillon | |
| RT | Pyrenees-Orientales France |
| SN | Region and former province roughly coextensive with Pyrenees-Orientales Department on the Spanish border. |
| Routt County Colorado | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Routt County Colorado | |
| RT | Yampa River |
| Steamboat Springs | |
| SN | NW Colorado. |
| Rouville County Quebec | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Quebec | |
| ...Rouville County Quebec | |
| Rouyn Quebec | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Quebec | |
| ...Temiscamingue County Quebec | |
| ....Rouyn Quebec | |
| SN | Mining city in SW Quebec near N Ontario border. |
| Rowan County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Rowan County Kentucky | |
| SN | NE Kentucky. |
| Rowan County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Rowan County North Carolina | |
| SN | W central North Carolina. |
| Rowne | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. Use Zloty Stok Poland if applicable. |
| Roxana Silt | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Quarternary | |
| ....Pleistocene | |
| .....Roxana Silt | |
| RT | Kentucky |
| Illinois | |
| SN | SW Illinois and W Kentucky. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Roxbury Conglomerate | |
|---|---|
| RT | Boston Bay Group |
| Lower Cambrian | |
| Massachusetts | |
| Neoproterozoic | |
| SN | In Boston Bay Group. E Massachusetts. Previously thought to be Devonian or Carboniferous in age. Includes Brookline, Squantum and Dorchester members. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Roy Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Archean | |
| ...Roy Group | |
| RT | Quebec |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Royal Creek | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Yukon Territory | |
| ...Royal Creek | |
| Rozdol Ukraine | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Ukraine | |
| ..Rozdol Ukraine | |
| RT | Lvov Ukraine |
| SN | Town in Lvov Oblast in E Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with oblast as applicable. |
| rozenite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sulfates |
| .rozenite | |
| Roztocze | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Roztocze | |
| UF | Tomaszow-Lvov Ridge |
| RT | Poland |
| Ukraine | |
| Lvov Ukraine | |
| SN | Mountain range. Indexed with Poland and/or Ukraine as applicable. |
| rrane#Morie |
|---|
| rris County Texas | |
|---|---|
| NT | Houston Texas |
| rroll County New Hampshire | |
|---|---|
| NT | Ossipee Mountains |
| rtford County Connecticut | |
|---|---|
| NT | Suffield Connecticut |
| Ru | |
|---|---|
| USE | ruthenium |
| Ru-106 | |
|---|---|
| BT | isotopes |
| .radioactive isotopes | |
| ..Ru-106 | |
| BT | metals |
| .platinum group | |
| ..ruthenium | |
| ...Ru-106 | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Ruanda | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rwanda |
| Ruapehu | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .New Zealand | |
| ..Ruapehu | |
| UF | Ruapehu Volcano |
| RT | volcanoes |
| North Island | |
| Crater Lake | |
| SN | Volcano in Tongariro National Park in S central North Island. Also index North Island. |
| Ruapehu Volcano | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ruapehu |
| rubblerock | |
|---|---|
| USE | breccia |
| rubidium | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .alkali metals | |
| ..rubidium | |
| NT | Rb-87/Sr-86 |
| UF | Rb |
| RT | isotopes |
| lithophile elements | |
| K/Rb | |
| Rb/Sr | |
| rubidium-strontium | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rb/Sr |
| rubies | |
|---|---|
| RT | corundum |
| gems | |
| sapphire | |
| SN | Before 1982, also search ruby. Before 1993, included use when of economic value as well as for mineralogical studies. As of 1993, use corundum for the mineral. Indexed with with gems for the commodity. See List C. |
| Ruby Mountains | |
|---|---|
| RT | Elko County Nevada |
| Nevada | |
| Ruby Range | |
| White Pine County Nevada | |
| SN | Range in Elko and White Pine counties in NE Nevada. Also search Ruby Range AND Nevada. Indexed with counties or region and mountain ranges as applicable. |
| Ruby Range | |
|---|---|
| RT | Madison County Montana |
| Ruby Mountains | |
| Montana | |
| Yukon Territory | |
| SN | N extension of Snowcrest Mountains in SW Montana, lies just W of Ruby River. Also in other locations. For the location in NE Nevada, see Ruby Mountains (Note added 1995). Indexed with counties or region and mountain ranges as applicable. |
| Ruda Poland | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Poland | |
| ...Katowice Poland | |
| ....Ruda Poland | |
| SN | Town in coal mining region in N central Katowice, S Poland. |
| Rudistae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Mollusca | |
| ..Bivalvia | |
| ...Rudistae | |
| Rudki Ukraine | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Ukraine | |
| ..Rudki Ukraine | |
| RT | Lvov Ukraine |
| SN | Town in Lvov Oblast in E Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with oblast as applicable. |
| Rudnichny Russian Federation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Chelyabinsk Russian Federation | |
| ...Rudnichny Russian Federation | |
| SN | Town in W Chelyabinsk Oblast in Southern Urals of W Siberia. Before 1993, Rudichny Russian Republic was also used. |
| Rudny Altai | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Rudny Altai | |
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Rudny Altai | |
| UF | Rudnyy Altai |
| Rudnyy Altay | |
| RT | Russian Federation |
| Kazakhstan | |
| Altai Mountains | |
| Altai Russian Federation | |
| Eastern Kazakhstan | |
| SN | Region in the Altai Mountains in Vostochno Kazakhstan Oblast and in Altai Kray. This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with former Soviet republics as applicable. |
| Rudnyy Altai | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rudny Altai |
| Rudnyy Altay | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rudny Altai |
| Rudolf (Lake) | |
|---|---|
| USE | Lake Turkana |
| rudstone | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary rocks |
| .carbonate rocks | |
| ..rudstone | |
| RT | boundstone |
| floatstone | |
| grainstone | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Ruegen (Island) | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rugen Island |
| Rugen Island | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Germany | |
| ....Rugen Island | |
| UF | Ruegen (Island) |
| SN | In the Baltic Sea just off Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Germany. Largest island of Germany. Also search Rugen. |
| Rugosa | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Coelenterata | |
| ..Anthozoa | |
| ...Zoantharia | |
| ....Rugosa | |
| UF | Tetracorallia |
| RT | Scleractinia |
| Tabulata | |
| SN | Order. |
| Ruhla Germany | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...Thuringia Germany | |
| ....Ruhla Germany | |
| RT | Thuringian Forest |
| SN | Town in Thuringian Forest in Thuringia, central Germany. |
| Ruhr | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Germany | |
| ...North Rhine-Westphalia Germany | |
| ....Ruhr | |
| UF | Ruhr Basin |
| Ruhr Valley | |
| SN | Major coal-mining and industrial region. Includes the Ruhr River valley and the Dusseldorf area to the S along the Rhine River. |
| Ruhr Basin | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ruhr |
| Ruhr Valley | |
|---|---|
| USE | Ruhr |
| Rum | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rhum |
| Rumania | |
|---|---|
| USE | Romania |
| Rumilly France | |
|---|---|
| BT | ute-Savoie France |
| .Rumilly France | |
| UF | Rumilly-Albanais France |
| SN | Town in E France. |
| Rumilly-Albanais France | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rumilly France |
| Ruminantia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Artiodactyla | |
| .......Ruminantia | |
| NT | Bovidae |
| Cervidae | |
| Giraffidae | |
| Tylopoda | |
| RT | horns |
| SN | Suborder. |
| Rundle Group | |
|---|---|
| RT | Alberta |
| Australia | |
| British Columbia | |
| Eocene | |
| Lower Mississippian | |
| Mississippian | |
| Queensland Australia | |
| Montana | |
| Upper Mississippian | |
| Yukon Territory | |
| SN | Lower Mississippian and Upper Mississippian. Alberta, British Columbia, Yukon Territory and Montana. Rundle Formation and Rundle oil shale have also been used for Eocene oil shale deposit in Queensland. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus |
| Runnels County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Runnels County Texas | |
| SN | W central Texas. |
| runoff | |
|---|---|
| RT | CREAMS |
| discharge | |
| DRAINMOD | |
| hydrology | |
| precipitation | |
| retention | |
| rivers | |
| rivers and streams | |
| sediment yield | |
| storms | |
| stormwater | |
| streamflow | |
| streams | |
| surface water | |
| Universal Soil Loss Equation | |
| water balance | |
| water yield | |
| watersheds | |
| SN | Before 1993, also search overland flow if applicable. |
| runout | |
|---|---|
| USE | water yield |
| Rupelian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Oligocene | |
| .....Rupelian | |
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Oligocene | |
| .....lower Oligocene | |
| ......Rupelian | |
| RT | Krosno Beds |
| Stampian | |
| SN | Europe. Above Tongrian, below Chattian. |
| rupture | |
|---|---|
| RT | deformation |
| failures | |
| fatigue | |
| faults | |
| fractures | |
| rock mechanics | |
| stress | |
| tensile strength | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| rural environment | |
|---|---|
| RT | ecology |
| environmental geology | |
| human ecology | |
| land use | |
| pollution | |
| urbanization | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Rurki India | |
|---|---|
| USE | Roorkee India |
| Rus |
|---|
| Rusca Montana Romania | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Rusca Montana Romania | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Banat | |
| ...Rusca Montana Romania | |
| UF | Rusca-Montana Romania |
| SN | Village in the Poiana-Rusca Mountains in Caras-Severin County in E Romania. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rusca-Montana Romania | |
|---|---|
| USE | Rusca Montana Romania |
| Ruse Bulgaria | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Bulgaria | |
| ...Ruse Bulgaria | |
| SN | Province and city in N Bulgaria. |
| Rush County Indiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indiana |
| .Rush County Indiana | |
| SN | E central Indiana. |
| Rush County Kansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kansas | |
| ..Rush County Kansas | |
| SN | Central Kansas. |
| Rusk County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Rusk County Texas | |
| SN | E Texas. |
| Rusk County Wisconsin | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wisconsin | |
| ..Rusk County Wisconsin | |
| SN | N Wisconsin. |
| Rusophycus | |
|---|---|
| BT | ichnofossils |
| .Rusophycus | |
| RT | Trilobita |
| Russell Cave | |
|---|---|
| RT | Jackson County Alabama |
| SN | NE Alabama. Indexed with county or region as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Russell County Alabama | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Alabama | |
| ..Russell County Alabama | |
| SN | E Alabama. |
| Russell County Kansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kansas | |
| ..Russell County Kansas | |
| SN | Central Kansas. |
| Russell County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Russell County Kentucky | |
| SN | S Kentucky. |
| Russell County Ontario | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Ontario | |
| ...Russell County Ontario | |
| Russell County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Russell County Virginia | |
| SN | SW Virginia. |
| Russia | |
|---|---|
| USE | Russian Federation |
| SN | Before 1971, included use in subfiles E, N and B for the USSR. |
| Russian | |
|---|---|
| RT | catalogs |
| dictionaries | |
| glossaries | |
| lexicons | |
| SN | Used for studies about the language. |
| Russian Arctic | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Russian Arctic | |
| BT | Arctic region |
| .Russian Arctic | |
| NT | New Siberian Islands |
| UF | Soviet Arctic |
| RT | Asia |
| Europe | |
| Taymyr Dolgan-Nenets Russian Federation | |
| SN | That area N of the Arctic Circle in European Russian Federation and Siberia, and including Russian islands in the Arctic Ocean. In Siberia, arctic climatic conditions prevail far S of the Arctic Circle because of its great continental expanse. Before 1978 |
| Russian Basin | |
|---|---|
| USE | Russian Plain |
| Russian Far East | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Russian Far East | |
| BT | Asia |
| .Russian Far East | |
| UF | Siberia-Soviet Far East |
| Soviet Far East | |
| RT | Amur Basin |
| Baikal-Amur Railroad region | |
| Khabarovsk Russian Federation | |
| Argun River | |
| Amur Russian Federation | |
| Kamchatka Peninsula | |
| Primorye Russian Federation | |
| Far East | |
| Okhotsk-Chukchi | |
| Dzhagdy Range | |
| Kuril Islands | |
| Karymskaya Sopka | |
| Komsomolsk Russian Federation | |
| Sa | |
| SN | Region occupying easternmost Siberia including Amur Oblast, Khabarovsk Kray, Primorye Kray, and Sakhalin Oblast. Before 1978, also search USSR AND Far East. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Russian Fennoscandia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Russian Fennoscandia | |
| BT | Russian Platform |
| .Russian Fennoscandia | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Fennoscandia | |
| ..Russian Fennoscandia | |
| UF | Soviet Fennoscandia |
| SN | Region of Russian Federation in Fennoscandia. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Russian Pacific region | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Russian Pacific region | |
| BT | Asia |
| .Russian Pacific region | |
| NT | Kamchatka Peninsula |
| Koryak Range | |
| Kuril Islands | |
| UF | Soviet Pacific region |
| RT | Siberia |
| Pacific Coast | |
| Pacific region | |
| Sakhalin Russian Federation | |
| SN | Includes Kamchatka Peninsula, Kuril Islands and Sakhalin. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Russian Plain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Russian Plain | |
| UF | East European Plain |
| Russian Basin | |
| RT | Russian Federation |
| Ukraine | |
| Moldavia | |
| Estonia | |
| Latvia | |
| Lithuania | |
| Russian Platform | |
| Belarus | |
| Moldova | |
| SN | Comprises most of the former European USSR W of the Urals and is bordered on the S by the Carpathians, the Crimean Mountains and the Caucasus. Indexed with former Soviet republics as applicable. |
| Russian Platform | |
|---|---|
| NT | Baltic Plain |
| Dnieper-Donets Basin | |
| Franz Josef Land | |
| Moscow-Pechora Syneclise | |
| Russian Fennoscandia | |
| Timan Ridge | |
| Ukrainian Shield | |
| Ukrainian Syneclise | |
| Voronezh-Volga Anteclise | |
| UF | East European Platform |
| RT | Russian Federation |
| Crimea Ukraine | |
| Ukraine | |
| Moldavia | |
| Latvia | |
| Laurussia | |
| Russian Plain | |
| Transcarpathia Ukraine | |
| Ukrainian Carpathians | |
| Tsarev Meteorite | |
| SN | Ancient platform of Precambrian crystalline rocks overlain by sedimentary deposits of the Russian or East European Plain. Before 1993, USSR was a broader term. Indexed with Europe or Asia and former Soviet republics as applicable. |
| Russian Republic | |
|---|---|
| USE | Russian Federation |
| SN | As of 1993, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. |
| Rustler Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Rustler Formation | |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Texas | |
| Culebra Dolomite Member | |
| SN | W Texas and SE New Mexico. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| ruthenium | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .platinum group | |
| ..ruthenium | |
| NT | Ru-106 |
| UF | Ru |
| RT | ruthenium ores |
| SN | Chemical element. As of 1985, use ruthenium ores for ruthenium as a commodity. |
| ruthenium ores | |
|---|---|
| BT | metal ores |
| .ruthenium ores | |
| RT | platinum ores |
| ruthenium | |
| SN | Before 1985, also search (ruthenium OR Ru) AND (deposit OR deposits OR ore OR ores OR economic) in the basic index. Commodity. See List C. |
| Rutherford County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Rutherford County North Carolina | |
| Rutherford County Tennessee | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Rutherford County Tennessee | |
| rutile | |
|---|---|
| BT | oxides |
| .rutile | |
| RT | heavy minerals |
| anatase | |
| brookite | |
| titanium oxides | |
| rutile structure | |
| rutile structure | |
|---|---|
| RT | rutile |
| Rutland County Vermont | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Vermont | |
| ..Rutland County Vermont | |
| NT | Brandon Vermont |
| Castleton Vermont | |
| Rutland Vermont | |
| SN | SW Vermont. Before 1974, Rutland County was also a county in England that is presently a part of Leicestershire. |
| Rutland Vermont | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Vermont | |
| ..Rutland County Vermont | |
| ...Rutland Vermont | |
| SN | City in W central Vermont. |
| Rwanda | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Central Africa | |
| ..Rwanda | |
| UF | Ruanda |
| RT | East African Rift |
| Lake Kivu | |
| SN | Formerly Ruanda which was part of the Belgian trust territory of Ruanda-Urundi. |
| ryana India | |
|---|---|
| NT | Hissar India |
| Narnaul India | |
| Ryazan Russian Federation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Ryazan Russian Federation | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Ryazan Russian Federation | |
| SN | Oblast and city located 120 miles SE of Moscow. Before 1993, Ryazan Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Rybnik Poland | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Poland | |
| ...Katowice Poland | |
| ....Rybnik Poland | |
| SN | City in SW Katowice, S Poland. |
| Rye Formation | |
|---|---|
| RT | Maine |
| New Hampshire | |
| SN | SW Maine and SE New Hampshire. May be considered Silurian, Ordovician, or Neoproterozoic. Indexed with age as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Ryoke Belt | |
|---|---|
| BT | nshu |
| .Ryoke Belt | |
| SN | Metamorphic belt of region midway between Yokohama and Nagoya. Also search Ryoke. |
| Ryujima | |
|---|---|
| RT | Honshu |
| Nagano Japan | |
| SN | Island in Japan Sea off the Noto Peninsula. Formerly used for a manganese mine in Nagano Prefecture. Indexed with prefecture and/or island as applicable. |
| Ryukyu Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Quarternary | |
| ....Pleistocene | |
| .....Ryukyu Group | |
| RT | Japan |
| SN | SW Japan. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Ryukyu Islands | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Far East | |
| ..Japan | |
| ...Ryukyu Islands | |
| NT | Okinawa |
| Oshima | |
| Tanega-shima | |
| UF | Nansei-shoto |
| Riukiu Islands | |
| RT | Kagoshima Japan |
| Kuroshio | |
| Ryukyu Trench | |
| SN | 600 mile chain of islands in W Pacific Ocean between Taiwan and Kyushu. Returned to Japan from U.S. control in 1972. Includes all of Okinawa Prefecture and part of Kagoshima Prefecture. Indexed with prefectures. |
| Ryukyu Trench | |
|---|---|
| BT | Pacific Ocean |
| .North Pacific | |
| ..Northwest Pacific | |
| ...Philippine Sea | |
| ....Ryukyu Trench | |
| RT | Ryukyu Islands |
| SN | NW Philippine Sea. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Rzeszow Poland | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Central Europe | |
| ..Poland | |
| ...Rzeszow Poland | |
| RT | Galitsiya |
| SN | Province and industrial commune in SE Poland. |