Search SEDIS
| Data sets | Publications | Expeditions | Thesaurus |
Ca  | |
|---|---|
| USE | calcium |
| Ca/Sr | |
|---|---|
| USE | Sr/Ca |
| CAA (Clean Air Act) | |
|---|---|
| USE | Clean Air Act |
| Caballo Mountains | |
|---|---|
| RT | New Mexico |
| Sierra County New Mexico | |
| SN | S New Mexico. Indexed with county or state or region as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cabaniss Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Pennsylvanian | |
| .....Middle Pennsylvanian | |
| ......Desmoinesian | |
| .......Cabaniss Formation | |
| RT | Missouri |
| Oklahoma | |
| Kansas | |
| Cherokee Group | |
| SN | In Cherokee Group, SE Kansas, W Missouri, central and NE Oklahoma. |
| Cabarrus County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Cabarrus County North Carolina | |
| SN | S central North Carolina. |
| Cabell County West Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .West Virginia | |
| ..Cabell County West Virginia | |
| Cabinda Angola | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Central Africa | |
| ..Angola | |
| ...Cabinda Angola | |
| UF | Kabinda Angola |
| SN | A district and an enclave N of the mouth of the Congo River. |
| Cabo Ortegal | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Galicia Spain | |
| .....La Coruna Spain | |
| ......Cabo Ortegal | |
| SN | Cape in N La Coruna Province, NW Spain. |
| Cabo Rojo Puerto Rico | |
|---|---|
| BT | Caribbean region |
| .West Indies | |
| ..Antilles | |
| ...Greater Antilles | |
| ....Puerto Rico | |
| .....Cabo Rojo Puerto Rico | |
| SN | Town in SW Puerto Rico. |
| Cabrieres France | |
|---|---|
| BT | rault France |
| .Cabrieres France | |
| SN | Location in the Montagne Noire in S France. |
| Caceres City Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Extremadura Spain | |
| .....Caceres Spain | |
| ......Caceres City Spain | |
| SN | Refers to only the city in W Spain. Before 1981, also search Caceres Spain. |
| Caceres Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Extremadura Spain | |
| .....Caceres Spain | |
| NT | Caceres City Spain |
| RT | Sierra de Gredos |
| SN | Refers only to the province in W Spain on Portuguese border. From 1981-1992, also search Caceres Province and Spain. For the city, see Caceres City Spain. |
| Cache County Utah | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Utah | |
| ..Cache County Utah | |
| SN | N Utah. |
| Cache Creek | |
|---|---|
| RT | British Columbia |
| California | |
| Northwest Territories | |
| Oklahoma | |
| Wyoming | |
| Yukon Territory | |
| SN | Creek in Mackenzie Delta area, Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories. Also other creeks in S British Columbia, N California, NW Wyoming and SW Oklahoma. Indexed with states or Canadian provinces as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Cache Creek Group | |
|---|---|
| RT | British Columbia |
| Pennsylvanian | |
| Permian | |
| Permian-Triassic boundary | |
| San Juan Islands | |
| Triassic | |
| Washington | |
| SN | S British Columbia and San Juan Island, NW Washington. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cache Creek Terrane | |
|---|---|
| RT | Alaska |
| British Columbia | |
| North America | |
| Washington | |
| Yukon Territory | |
| SN | Oceanic melange which separates Quesnellia and Stikinia terranes in NW North America. Indexed with U. S. states and/or Canadian provinces as applicable. |
| Cache La Poudre River | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Cache La Poudre River | |
| SN | N central Colorado. |
| Cache Valley | |
|---|---|
| RT | Idaho |
| Illinois | |
| Utah | |
| SN | In several locations. Indexed with counties, states or regions as applicable. |
| cacoxenite | |
|---|---|
| BT | phosphates |
| .cacoxenite | |
| CAD | |
|---|---|
| UF | computer-aided design |
| computer-aided drafting | |
| RT | computer programs |
| data processing | |
| design | |
| graphic display | |
| SN | Acronym. Restricted to use for computer-aided design or computer-aided drafting. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| caddis flies | |
|---|---|
| SN | See Trichoptera. |
| Caddo County Oklahoma | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Oklahoma | |
| ..Caddo County Oklahoma | |
| RT | Meers Fault |
| SN | West central Oklahoma. |
| Caddo Parish Louisiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Caddo Parish Louisiana | |
| Cadeby Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Upper Permian | |
| .....Cadeby Formation | |
| RT | England |
| Great Britain | |
| SN | E England. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cadiz City Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Andalusia Spain | |
| .....Cadiz Spain | |
| ......Cadiz City Spain | |
| SN | Refers only to the city in W Cadiz Province, SW Spain. Before 1981, also search Cadiz Spain. |
| Cadiz Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Andalusia Spain | |
| .....Cadiz Spain | |
| NT | Cadiz City Spain |
| Vejer de la Frontera Spain | |
| RT | Ceuta |
| Serrania de Ronda | |
| SN | Refers only to the province. In SW Spain, bordering the Atlantic Ocean. From 1981-1992, also search Cadiz Province and Spain. For the city, see Cadiz City Spain. |
| cadmium | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .cadmium | |
| UF | Cd |
| RT | chalcophile elements |
| heavy metals | |
| cadmium ores | |
| SN | Chemical element. As of 1982, use cadmium ores for cadmium as a commodity. |
| cadmium blende | |
|---|---|
| USE | greenockite |
| cadmium ocher | |
|---|---|
| USE | greenockite |
| cadmium ores | |
|---|---|
| BT | metal ores |
| .cadmium ores | |
| RT | cadmium |
| SN | Before 1982, also search cadmium AND (deposit OR deposits OR ore OR ores OR economic) in the basic index. Commodity. See List C. |
| Cadomian Orogeny | |
|---|---|
| RT | Armorican Massif |
| Cambrian | |
| France | |
| orogeny | |
| Precambrian | |
| tectonics | |
| SN | Before 1978, search Cadomian AND orogeny. Indexed with ages as applicable. |
| Cadomin Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Lower Cretaceous | |
| .....Cadomin Formation | |
| RT | Alberta |
| British Columbia | |
| SN | SW Alberta and E British Columbia. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cady Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..San Bernardino County California | |
| ...Cady Mountains | |
| RT | Mojave Desert |
| SN | SE California. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Caen France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Calvados France | |
| ....Caen France | |
| SN | City in Normandy, N Calvados, NE France. |
| Caernarvonshire Wales | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..United Kingdom | |
| ...Great Britain | |
| ....Wales | |
| .....Caernarvonshire Wales | |
| NT | Lleyn Peninsula |
| Snowdonia | |
| RT | Tremadoc Bay |
| SN | Former county in NW Wales. As of April 1974, part of Gwynedd. Before 1993, also search Carnarvon or Caernarvon or Caernarvonshire. |
| caesium | |
|---|---|
| USE | cesium |
| Cahill Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Proterozoic | |
| ...Cahill Formation | |
| RT | Australia |
| Northern Territory Australia | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| CAI | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. Acronym for many concepts including conodont alteration index; color alteration index; computer-aided instruction; computer-assisted instruction; calcium-aluminum inclusions. Use appropriate phrase as applicable. |
| Cainozoic | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cenozoic |
| Cairngorm Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | ampian Highlands |
| .Cairngorm Mountains | |
| RT | Grampian region Scotland |
| Highland region Scotland | |
| SN | Range of the Grampian Hills in highlands of NE central Scotland. |
| Cairo Egypt | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .North Africa | |
| ..Egypt | |
| ...Cairo Egypt | |
| SN | City on the Nile River, coextensive with the governorate in NE Egypt. |
| Caithness Scotland | |
|---|---|
| BT | ghland region Scotland |
| .Caithness Scotland | |
| SN | Former county in NE Scotland. |
| Cajon Pass | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..San Bernardino County California | |
| ...Cajon Pass | |
| RT | Mojave Desert |
| Los Angeles Basin | |
| SN | Railroad and highway pass. S California. Extends from E San Gabriel Mountains to NW San Bernardino Mountains, connecting the Mojave Desert with Los Angeles Basin. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Calabria Italy | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Calabria Italy | |
| NT | Catanzaro Italy |
| Cosenza Italy | |
| Reggio di Calabria Italy | |
| Sila Massif | |
| RT | Calabrian Arc |
| SN | An autonomous region in S Italy. The toe of the Italian boot. |
| Calabrian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Quarternary | |
| ....Pleistocene | |
| .....Lower Pleistocene | |
| ......Calabrian | |
| RT | Villafranchian |
| SN | Europe. Above Astian, below middle Pleistocene. |
| Calabrian Arc | |
|---|---|
| BT | Mediterranean region |
| .Calabrian Arc | |
| UF | Calabrian-Peloritan Arc |
| RT | Italy |
| North Africa | |
| Calabria Italy | |
| Peloritani Mountains | |
| Sicily Italy | |
| SN | Central Mediterranean, may include Maghrebides thrust belt. Indexed with countries and Mediterranean Sea basins as applicable. |
| Calabrian-Peloritan Arc | |
|---|---|
| USE | Calabrian Arc |
| Calamites | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .Pteridophyta | |
| ..Sphenopsida | |
| ...Equisetales | |
| ....Calamites | |
| SN | Genus. |
| Calatayud-Teruel Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Calatayud-Teruel Basin | |
| RT | Saragossa Spain |
| Teruel Spain | |
| SN | NE Spain. Indexed with provinces as applicable. |
| Calaveras County California | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Calaveras County California | |
| SN | Central California. |
| Calaveras Fault | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Calaveras Fault | |
| SN | Central California. |
| Calaveras Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...upper Paleozoic | |
| ....Calaveras Formation | |
| RT | Permian |
| California | |
| SN | N California. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| calaverite | |
|---|---|
| BT | tellurides |
| .calaverite | |
| RT | gold ores |
| calc-alkalic | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1977. After 1977, use calc-alkalic composition with igneous rocks. |
| calc-alkalic composition | |
|---|---|
| RT | alkalic composition |
| I-type granites | |
| igneous rocks | |
| composition | |
| calc-schist | |
|---|---|
| BT | metamorphic rocks |
| .schists | |
| ..calc-schist | |
| calc-silicate composition | |
|---|---|
| RT | metamorphic rocks |
| composition | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| calc-sinter | |
|---|---|
| USE | travertine |
| calc-tufa | |
|---|---|
| USE | tufa |
| calcarenite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary rocks |
| .carbonate rocks | |
| ..limestone | |
| ...calcarenite | |
| RT | biocalcarenite |
| calcareous | |
|---|---|
| SN | Valid index term through 1977. After 1977, use calcareous composition. |
| calcareous algae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .algae | |
| ..calcareous algae | |
| RT | microfossils |
| stromatolites | |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| calcareous clay | |
|---|---|
| USE | marl |
| calcareous composition | |
|---|---|
| RT | bioherms |
| ooze | |
| sedimentary rocks | |
| sediments | |
| composition | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search calcareous AND specific sediment type or sedimentary rock. |
| calcareous nannofossils | |
|---|---|
| USE | nannofossils |
| calcareous ooze | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. Use calcareous composition and ooze. |
| calcareous sinter | |
|---|---|
| USE | travertine |
| Calcareous soils | |
|---|---|
| BT | soils |
| .Calcareous soils | |
| RT | soil group |
| SN | Before 1978, also search calcareous and soils. |
| calcareous tufa | |
|---|---|
| USE | tufa |
| Calcasieu Parish Louisiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Calcasieu Parish Louisiana | |
| RT | Calcasieu River |
| SN | On the Texas border in SW Louisiana. |
| Calcasieu River | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Calcasieu River | |
| RT | Calcasieu Parish Louisiana |
| Cameron Parish Louisiana | |
| Rapides Parish Louisiana | |
| SN | SW Louisiana. Indexed with parishes as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| calcic composition | |
|---|---|
| RT | igneous rocks |
| composition | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search igneous rocks AND calcic. |
| calcicrete | |
|---|---|
| USE | calcrete |
| calcification | |
|---|---|
| RT | diagenesis |
| fossilization | |
| fossils | |
| processes | |
| soils | |
| SN | Term refers to fossils or soils. |
| calcilutite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary rocks |
| .carbonate rocks | |
| ..limestone | |
| ...calcilutite | |
| RT | algal mounds |
| calciphyre | |
|---|---|
| BT | metamorphic rocks |
| .marbles | |
| ..calciphyre | |
| Calcisphaerulidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | problematic fossils |
| .Calcisphaerulidae | |
| UF | Calcispherulidae |
| SN | Family. |
| Calcispherulidae | |
|---|---|
| USE | Calcisphaerulidae |
| Calcispongea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Porifera | |
| ..Calcispongea | |
| NT | Sphinctozoa |
| calcite | |
|---|---|
| BT | carbonates |
| .calcite | |
| RT | alabaster |
| aragonite | |
| limestone | |
| dolomite | |
| calcium carbonate | |
| carbonate rocks | |
| calcite deposits | |
| calcitization | |
| chalk | |
| Iceland spar | |
| light minerals | |
| magnesian calcite | |
| travertine | |
| tufa | |
| SN | As of 1981, use calcite deposits for calcite as a commodity. |
| calcite deposits | |
|---|---|
| RT | calcite |
| marble deposits | |
| SN | Commodity. See List C. |
| calcitization | |
|---|---|
| BT | carbonatization |
| .calcitization | |
| RT | processes |
| calcite | |
| diagenesis | |
| dedolomitization | |
| dolomitization | |
| calcium | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .alkaline earth metals | |
| ..calcium | |
| NT | calcium ion |
| Sr/Ca | |
| UF | Ca |
| RT | lithophile elements |
| calcium carbonate | |
|---|---|
| RT | aragonite |
| calcite | |
| carbonates | |
| geochemistry | |
| lime | |
| limestone | |
| calcium chloride | |
|---|---|
| RT | chlorides |
| geochemistry | |
| halides | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| calcium ion | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .alkaline earth metals | |
| ..calcium | |
| ...calcium ion | |
| RT | geochemistry |
| ions | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| calcium sulfate | |
|---|---|
| RT | anhydrite |
| geochemistry | |
| gypsum | |
| sulfates | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| calcium-aluminum inclusions | |
|---|---|
| BT | inclusions |
| .calcium-aluminum inclusions | |
| RT | meteorites |
| SN | Found in meteorites. Sometimes abbreviated as CAI. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| calcrete | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary rocks |
| .carbonate rocks | |
| ..calcrete | |
| UF | calcicrete |
| RT | soils |
| conglomerate | |
| caliche | |
| duricrust | |
| weathering crust | |
| CALCRUST | |
|---|---|
| UF | California Consortium for Crustal Studies |
| RT | geophysical methods |
| reflection methods | |
| California | |
| seismic methods | |
| continental crust | |
| SN | Acronym. Seismic reflection program. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| calculation | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1978. After 1978, see mathematical methods or mathematical models. |
| calculators | |
|---|---|
| SN | Use hand calculators if applicable. |
| Calcutta India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...West Bengal India | |
| ....Calcutta India | |
| SN | City on the Hooghly River near Bay of Bengal in S West Bengal, E India. |
| calderas | |
|---|---|
| BT | volcanic features |
| .calderas | |
| RT | volcanism |
| geomorphology | |
| volcanoes | |
| volcanology | |
| craters | |
| cauldrons | |
| crater lakes | |
| resurgence | |
| caldron subsidence | |
|---|---|
| SN | Used in subfiles G and N. The variant form cauldron subsidence was also used. See cauldrons; calderas; subsidence. |
| Caldwell County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Caldwell County Kentucky | |
| SN | W Kentucky. |
| Caldwell County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Caldwell County Missouri | |
| SN | NW Missouri. |
| Caldwell County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Caldwell County North Carolina | |
| RT | Grandfather Mountain |
| SN | W central North Carolina. |
| Caldwell County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Caldwell County Texas | |
| SN | S central Texas. |
| Caldwell Parish Louisiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Caldwell Parish Louisiana | |
| NT | Columbia Louisiana |
| SN | NE central Louisiana. |
| Caledonia County Vermont | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Vermont | |
| ..Caledonia County Vermont | |
| SN | NE Vermont. |
| Caledonian | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1977. After 1977, use Caledonian Orogeny. |
| Caledonian Orogeny | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Caledonian Orogeny | |
| RT | orogeny |
| Scotland | |
| Ireland | |
| Scandinavia | |
| Caledonides | |
| Scandian Orogeny | |
| SN | Name commonly used for the early Paleozoic deformation in Europe which created an orogenic belt extending from Ireland and Scotland northwestward through Scandinavia. |
| Caledonides | |
|---|---|
| RT | Caledonian Orogeny |
| Dunnage Zone | |
| Europe | |
| Great Britain | |
| Greenland | |
| Ireland | |
| Koli Nappe | |
| Scandinavia | |
| SN | Orogenic belt extending from Ireland and Scotland northwestward through Scandinavia, formed by the Caledonian Orogeny. Indexed with country or countries as applicable. |
| Calera Limestone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Calera Limestone | |
| RT | California |
| Oregon | |
| Franciscan Complex | |
| SN | In Franciscan Formation?. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Calgary Alberta | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Alberta | |
| ...Calgary Alberta | |
| SN | City in SW Alberta. |
| Calhoun County Alabama | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Alabama | |
| ..Calhoun County Alabama | |
| SN | E Alabama. |
| Calhoun County Arkansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Arkansas | |
| ..Calhoun County Arkansas | |
| SN | S Arkansas. |
| Calhoun County Florida | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Florida | |
| ..Calhoun County Florida | |
| SN | NW Florida. |
| Calhoun County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Calhoun County Georgia | |
| SN | SW Georgia. |
| Calhoun County Illinois | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Illinois | |
| ..Calhoun County Illinois | |
| SN | W Illinois. |
| Calhoun County Iowa | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Iowa | |
| ..Calhoun County Iowa | |
| RT | Manson impact structure |
| SN | Central Iowa. |
| Calhoun County Michigan | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Michigan | |
| ..Michigan Lower Peninsula | |
| ...Calhoun County Michigan | |
| SN | S Michigan. |
| Calhoun County Mississippi | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Mississippi | |
| ..Calhoun County Mississippi | |
| SN | N central Mississippi. |
| Calhoun County South Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .South Carolina | |
| ..Calhoun County South Carolina | |
| SN | Central South Carolina. |
| Calhoun County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Calhoun County Texas | |
| RT | Matagorda Bay |
| SN | S Texas. |
| Calhoun County West Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .West Virginia | |
| ..Calhoun County West Virginia | |
| SN | W central West Virginia. |
| calibration | |
|---|---|
| RT | accuracy |
| instruments | |
| SN | Used as a general term. |
| caliche | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary rocks |
| .carbonate rocks | |
| ..caliche | |
| RT | soils |
| weathering | |
| calcrete | |
| duricrust | |
| weathering crust | |
| Calico Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Calico Mountains | |
| RT | Mojave Desert |
| San Bernardino County California | |
| SN | Small range in Mojave Desert. Indexed with counties and mountains as applicable. |
| Caliente Range | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Caliente Range | |
| RT | San Luis Obispo County California |
| SN | Indexed with counties and mountain ranges as applicable. |
| California bearing ratio | |
|---|---|
| RT | bearing capacity |
| penetration tests | |
| soil mechanics | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| California City Colombia | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Colombia | |
| ..Santander Colombia | |
| ...California City Colombia | |
| California Consortium for Crustal Studies | |
|---|---|
| USE | CALCRUST |
| California Continental Borderland | |
|---|---|
| SN | Not a valid term for GeoRef. As of 1989, use California in conjunction with continental borderland. |
| California Current | |
|---|---|
| RT | California |
| East Pacific | |
| Mexico | |
| North Pacific | |
| Northeast Pacific | |
| Pacific Coast | |
| Pacific Ocean | |
| United States | |
| SN | Branch of the Aleutian Current in NE Pacific. Flows S along coast of W North America from N48#DG to N23#DG, where it joins the North Equatorial Current. Indexed with ocean areas. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| californium | |
|---|---|
| BT | metals |
| .actinides | |
| ..californium | |
| UF | Cf |
| Caliman (Mountains) | |
|---|---|
| USE | Calimani Mountains |
| Calimani Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Transylvania | |
| ....Calimani Mountains | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Carpathians | |
| ..Eastern Carpathians | |
| ...Calimani Mountains | |
| UF | Caliman (Mountains) |
| Calimanului Mountains | |
| SN | Range in the Eastern Carpathians in E Transylvania. Also search Calimani. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Calimanului Mountains | |
|---|---|
| USE | Calimani Mountains |
| caliper logging | |
|---|---|
| BT | well-logging |
| .caliper logging | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search well-logging AND caliper. |
| Calistoga California | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Napa County California | |
| ...Calistoga California | |
| RT | Old Faithful Geyser |
| SN | City NE of San Francisco Bay in W central California. |
| Callahan County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Callahan County Texas | |
| Callander Bay | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Ontario | |
| ...Callander Bay | |
| RT | Lake Nipissing |
| SN | W edge of Lake Nipissing near city of North Bay E of Georgian Bay. |
| Callaway County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Callaway County Missouri | |
| Callianassa | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Arthropoda | |
| ..Mandibulata | |
| ...Crustacea | |
| ....Malacostraca | |
| .....Callianassa | |
| SN | Genus. |
| Callipteris | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .Spermatophyta | |
| ..Gymnospermae | |
| ...Pteridospermae | |
| ....Callipteris | |
| RT | Filicopsida |
| Pteridophyta | |
| SN | Genus which paleobotanically determines Permian. |
| Callisto Satellite | |
|---|---|
| RT | Galilean satellites |
| icy satellites | |
| Jupiter | |
| satellites | |
| Voyager Program | |
| SN | One of the satellites of Jupiter. Before 1985, also search Callisto AND Jupiter. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Callovian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Jurassic | |
| ....Middle Jurassic | |
| .....Callovian | |
| RT | Dogger |
| SN | Europe. Above Bathonian, below Oxfordian. |
| Calloway County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Calloway County Kentucky | |
| Caloosahatchee Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Caloosahatchee Formation | |
| UF | Caloosahatchee Marl |
| RT | Pliocene |
| Pleistocene | |
| Florida | |
| SN | Florida. May be in the Fort Thompson Group. Indexed with Pleistocene and/or Pliocene as applicable. |
| Caloosahatchee Marl | |
|---|---|
| USE | Caloosahatchee Formation |
| calorimetry | |
|---|---|
| RT | chemical analysis |
| thermochemical properties | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Caloris Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Mercury Planet |
| .Caloris Basin | |
| SN | Impact feature on Mercury Planet. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Calpionella | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Tintinnidae | |
| ...Calpionella | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Genus. Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Calpionellidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Tintinnidae | |
| ...Calpionellidae | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Calpionellites | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Tintinnidae | |
| ...Calpionellites | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Genus. Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Caltanissetta Italy | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Sicily Italy | |
| ....Caltanissetta Italy | |
| SN | Province and city in central Sicily. |
| Calumet County Wisconsin | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wisconsin | |
| ..Calumet County Wisconsin | |
| Calvados France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Calvados France | |
| NT | Caen France |
| May-sur-Orne France | |
| RT | Normandy |
| Seine Estuary | |
| Calvert Bluff Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Eocene | |
| .....lower Eocene | |
| ......Calvert Bluff Formation | |
| RT | Texas |
| Wilcox Group | |
| SN | In Wilcox Group. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Calvert County Maryland | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Maryland | |
| ..Calvert County Maryland | |
| SN | S Maryland. |
| Calvert Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Miocene | |
| .....middle Miocene | |
| ......Calvert Formation | |
| RT | Virginia |
| Maryland | |
| Delaware | |
| Chesapeake Group | |
| SN | In Chesapeake Group. Delaware, E Maryland, and Virginia. |
| Calymmian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Proterozoic | |
| ...Mesoproterozoic | |
| ....Calymmian | |
| Calyptogena | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Mollusca | |
| ..Bivalvia | |
| ...Venerida | |
| ....Calyptogena | |
| SN | Genus. |
| Camaguey Cuba | |
|---|---|
| BT | Caribbean region |
| .West Indies | |
| ..Antilles | |
| ...Greater Antilles | |
| ....Cuba | |
| .....Camaguey Cuba | |
| SN | Province including the city in E central Cuba. |
| Camarines Norte Philippine Islands | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Far East | |
| ..Philippine Islands | |
| ...Luzon | |
| ....Camarines Norte Philippine Islands | |
| SN | Province in SE Luzon. |
| Camaroidea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Graptolithina |
| .Camaroidea | |
| RT | Invertebrata |
| Hemichordata | |
| SN | Indexed with Hemichordata or Invertebrata as applicable. |
| Camas County Idaho | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Idaho | |
| ..Camas County Idaho | |
| RT | Sawtooth Range |
| SN | S central Idaho. |
| Cambay Basin | |
|---|---|
| RT | Gujarat India |
| Gulf of Cambay | |
| SN | Gulf of Cambay area. Indexed with Gujarat India and/or Gulf of Cambay as applicable. |
| Cambay India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Gujarat India | |
| ....Cambay India | |
| SN | City at N end of Gulf of Cambay in central Gujarat, W India. |
| Cambisols | |
|---|---|
| BT | soils |
| .Cambisols | |
| Cambodia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Far East | |
| ..Cambodia | |
| NT | Battambang Cambodia |
| UF | Kampuchea |
| Khmer Republic | |
| RT | Indochina |
| SN | Also known as Khmer Republic or Kampuchea. Official name was changed back to State of Cambodia in 1990. |
| Cambria County Pennsylvania | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Pennsylvania | |
| ..Cambria County Pennsylvania | |
| RT | Conemaugh River |
| SN | Central Pennsylvania. |
| Cambridge | |
|---|---|
| SN | No longer a valid term for GeoRef. As of 1989, for the city in Massachusetts, use Cambridge Massachusetts. After 1992, also see Cambridge England. |
| Cambridge Arch | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Cambridge Arch | |
| RT | Nebraska |
| Kansas | |
| SN | Indexed with states as applicable. |
| Cambridge Argillite | |
|---|---|
| RT | Boston Bay Group |
| Lower Cambrian | |
| Massachusetts | |
| Neoproterozoic | |
| SN | E Massachusetts. Overlies Roxbury Conglomerate, but the latter is thrust over the Cambridge Argillite in the northern Hingham area. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cambridge England | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..United Kingdom | |
| ...Great Britain | |
| ....England | |
| .....Cambridge England | |
| RT | Gloucestershire England |
| Cambridgeshire England | |
| SN | Cities in Cambridgeshire and Gloucestershire, England. Indexed with counties as applicable. |
| Cambridge Massachusetts | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Massachusetts | |
| ..Middlesex County Massachusetts | |
| ...Cambridge Massachusetts | |
| SN | City in NE Massachusetts. |
| Cambridge University | |
|---|---|
| UF | University of Cambridge |
| RT | England |
| academic institutions | |
| SN | Located in the city of Cambridge NNE of London. |
| Cambridgeshire England | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..United Kingdom | |
| ...Great Britain | |
| ....England | |
| .....Cambridgeshire England | |
| RT | Cambridge England |
| SN | County in E England. |
| Camden County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Camden County Georgia | |
| SN | SE Georgia. |
| Camden County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Camden County Missouri | |
| NT | Decaturville Missouri |
| SN | Central Missouri. |
| Camden County New Jersey | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New Jersey | |
| ..Camden County New Jersey | |
| RT | Pine Barrens |
| SN | SW New Jersey. |
| Camden County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Camden County North Carolina | |
| SN | NE North Carolina. |
| Camelidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Artiodactyla | |
| .......Ruminantia | |
| ........Tylopoda | |
| .........Camelidae | |
| SN | Family. |
| Cameron County Pennsylvania | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Pennsylvania | |
| ..Cameron County Pennsylvania | |
| Cameron County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Cameron County Texas | |
| Cameron Parish Louisiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Cameron Parish Louisiana | |
| RT | Calcasieu River |
| Eugene Island | |
| Sabine Lake | |
| SN | Extreme SW Louisiana, bordering the Gulf of Mexico. |
| Cameroon | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .West Africa | |
| ..Cameroon | |
| NT | Lake Nyos |
| Mount Cameroon | |
| UF | Cameroun |
| RT | Adamawa |
| Benue Valley | |
| Chad Basin | |
| Lake Chad | |
| Logone River | |
| SN | Includes former French trust territory and British trust territory of Southern Cameroons. Before 1972, Cameroun was also used. |
| Cameroon Mountain | |
|---|---|
| USE | Mount Cameroon |
| Cameroun | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cameroon |
| Camp Century | |
|---|---|
| BT | Arctic region |
| .Greenland | |
| ..Camp Century | |
| SN | On the Greenland ice sheet NE of Thule Air Base in NW Greenland. |
| Camp County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Camp County Texas | |
| Campania Italy | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Campania Italy | |
| NT | Bay of Naples |
| Caserta Italy | |
| Cilento | |
| Monte Somma | |
| Naples Italy | |
| Phlegraean Fields | |
| Pozzuoli Italy | |
| Roccamonfina | |
| Salerno Italy | |
| Sorrento Peninsula | |
| Vesuvius | |
| RT | Irpinia earthquake 1980 |
| Lucania | |
| SN | An autonomous region in S Italy. |
| Campania-Basilicata earthquake 1980 | |
|---|---|
| USE | Irpinia earthquake 1980 |
| Campania-Lucania earthquake 1980 | |
|---|---|
| USE | Irpinia earthquake 1980 |
| Campanian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Campanian | |
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Senonian | |
| ......Campanian | |
| NT | upper Campanian |
| RT | Rosario Formation |
| SN | Europe. Above Santonian, below Maestrichtian. |
| Campbell County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Campbell County Kentucky | |
| SN | N Kentucky. |
| Campbell County South Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .South Dakota | |
| ..Campbell County South Dakota | |
| SN | On North Dakota line in N South Dakota. |
| Campbell County Tennessee | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Campbell County Tennessee | |
| SN | NE Tennessee. |
| Campbell County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Campbell County Virginia | |
| SN | SW central Virginia. Also search Lynchburg Virginia if applicable. |
| Campbell County Wyoming | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wyoming | |
| ..Campbell County Wyoming | |
| RT | Hartzog Draw Field |
| SN | NE Wyoming. |
| Campbell Island | |
|---|---|
| RT | Pacific Ocean |
| West Pacific Ocean Islands | |
| SN | Island in S Pacific Ocean, S of New Zealand. Also occurs in other locations. Indexed with regions as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Campeche Bank | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Gulf of Mexico | |
| ...Campeche Bank | |
| RT | Campeche Scarp |
| Yucatan Shelf | |
| SN | N of the Yucatan Peninsula. |
| Campeche Mexico | |
|---|---|
| BT | Mexico |
| .Campeche Mexico | |
| RT | Gulf Coastal Plain |
| Yucatan Peninsula | |
| SN | State on W part of Yucatan Peninsula. |
| Campeche Scarp | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Gulf of Mexico | |
| ...Campeche Scarp | |
| RT | Campeche Bank |
| DSDP Site 85 | |
| DSDP Site 86 | |
| DSDP Site 88 | |
| DSDP Site 89 | |
| DSDP Site 93 | |
| DSDP Site 94 | |
| Leg 10 | |
| Sigsbee Deep | |
| SN | W Gulf of Mexico. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Campi Flegrei | |
|---|---|
| USE | Phlegraean Fields |
| Campine | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Campine | |
| RT | Netherlands |
| Belgium | |
| SN | Heathland area. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| Campo del Cielo Meteorite | |
|---|---|
| BT | meteorites |
| .iron meteorites | |
| ..ataxite | |
| ...Campo del Cielo Meteorite | |
| RT | Argentina |
| Chaco | |
| Chaco Argentina | |
| SN | Point of impact N of village of Campo del Cielo in S Argentina. Before 1981, also search Campo del Cielo AND meteorites. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Campobasso Italy | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Molise Italy | |
| ....Campobasso Italy | |
| SN | Province and town in S central Italy. |
| Campos Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .South Atlantic | |
| ..Campos Basin | |
| SN | SW Atlantic, off Brazil. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| camptonite | |
|---|---|
| BT | igneous rocks |
| .plutonic rocks | |
| ..lamprophyres | |
| ...camptonite | |
| Camptostromatoidea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Echinodermata | |
| ..Echinozoa | |
| ...Camptostromatoidea | |
| Canada Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Arctic Ocean |
| .Canada Basin | |
| UF | Canadian Basin |
| RT | Amerasia Basin |
| SN | N of Alaska and WNW of Canada's Queen Elizabeth Islands. |
| Canadian |
|---|
| Canadian Basin | |
|---|---|
| USE | Canada Basin |
| Canadian Cordillera | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .North American Cordillera | |
| ..Canadian Cordillera | |
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Canadian Cordillera | |
| RT | Alberta |
| Coast Mountains | |
| British Columbia | |
| Nahanni earthquake 1985 | |
| Rocky Mountains | |
| Western Interior Seaway | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with provinces as applicable. |
| Canadian County Oklahoma | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Oklahoma | |
| ..Canadian County Oklahoma | |
| Canadian Expedition to Study the Alpha Ridge | |
|---|---|
| USE | CESAR |
| Canadian Forces Base Borden | |
|---|---|
| USE | Borden Ontario |
| Canadian River | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Canadian River | |
| UF | South Canadian River |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Oklahoma | |
| Colorado | |
| Texas | |
| Ute Creek | |
| SN | SW Central U.S. Indexed with counties or regions as applicable. |
| Canadian Rocky Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..Canadian Rocky Mountains | |
| BT | North America |
| .Rocky Mountains | |
| ..Canadian Rocky Mountains | |
| NT | Esplanade Range |
| RT | Alberta |
| British Columbia | |
| Athabasca Glacier | |
| Columbia Icefield | |
| Selkirk Mountains | |
| Cariboo Mountains | |
| Cassiar Mountains | |
| Gog Group | |
| Mount Erebus | |
| Northern Rocky Mountains | |
| Selwyn Basin | |
| Stikinia Terrane | |
| Whitehorse Trough | |
| SN | Before 1981, search Canada AND Rocky Mountains. This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with provinces as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Canadian Series | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Ordovician | |
| ....Lower Ordovician | |
| .....Canadian Series | |
| SN | Provincial series, North America. Above Croixian (Cambrian), below Champlainian. Before 1981, also search Canadian AND Ordovician. |
| Canadian Shield | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Canadian Shield | |
| NT | Bear Province |
| Churchill Province | |
| Flin Flon Belt | |
| Grenville Province | |
| Nain Province | |
| Slave Province | |
| Southern Province | |
| Superior Province | |
| Taltson magmatic zone | |
| UF | Laurentian Plateau |
| Precambrian Shield | |
| RT | Alberta |
| Ontario | |
| New York | |
| Adirondack Mountains | |
| Minnesota | |
| Manitoba | |
| Michigan | |
| Northwest Territories | |
| Eye-Dashwa Lakes Pluton | |
| Laurentia | |
| Laurussia | |
| Elzevir Terrane | |
| Grenvillian Orogeny | |
| Hemlo Deposit | |
| Hudsonian Orogeny | |
| Huronian | |
| Kenoran Orogeny | |
| North American Craton | |
| SN | Also search Canadian AND Shield. Indexed with states, Canadian provinces and provinces of the Canadian Shield as applicable. |
| Canal Zone (Panama) | |
|---|---|
| USE | Panama Canal Zone |
| canals | |
|---|---|
| RT | channels |
| streams | |
| waterways | |
| Cananea Mexico | |
|---|---|
| BT | Mexico |
| .Sonora Mexico | |
| ..Cananea Mexico | |
| SN | City in N Sonora. |
| Canaries | |
|---|---|
| USE | Canary Islands |
| Canary Islands | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean Islands |
| .Canary Islands | |
| NT | Fuerteventura |
| Gomera | |
| Grand Canary | |
| Hierro | |
| Lanzarote | |
| Tenerife | |
| UF | Canaries |
| Las Palmas, Canary Islands | |
| Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province, Canary Islands | |
| RT | Spain |
| DSDP Site 397 | |
| La Palma | |
| Leg 157 | |
| ODP Site 953 | |
| ODP Site 954 | |
| ODP Site 955 | |
| ODP Site 956 | |
| SN | Spanish controlled island group off NW Africa. |
| Canavese Zone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Canavese Zone | |
| RT | Piemonte Italy |
| SN | Mountain region N of Turin. |
| Canberra Australia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Australia | |
| ..New South Wales Australia | |
| ...Australian Capital Territory | |
| ....Canberra Australia | |
| SN | City between Sydney and Melbourne. |
| cancrinite | |
|---|---|
| BT | carbonates |
| .cancrinite | |
| BT | silicates |
| .framework silicates | |
| ..cancrinite | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Candler County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Candler County Georgia | |
| Candona | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Arthropoda | |
| ..Mandibulata | |
| ...Crustacea | |
| ....Ostracoda | |
| .....Podocopida | |
| ......Cypridocopina | |
| .......Cyprididae | |
| ........Candona | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Genus. Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| canfieldite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sulfosalts |
| .sulfogermanates | |
| ..canfieldite | |
| BT | sulfosalts |
| .sulfostannates | |
| ..canfieldite | |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Canidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Carnivora | |
| .......Fissipeda | |
| ........Canidae | |
| NT | Canis |
| SN | Family. |
| Canis | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Carnivora | |
| .......Fissipeda | |
| ........Canidae | |
| .........Canis | |
| SN | Genus. |
| Cannanore India | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Kerala India | |
| ....Cannanore India | |
| SN | District, Kerala, SW India. |
| Cannikin Alaska | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Alaska | |
| ..Southwestern Alaska | |
| ...Aleutian Islands | |
| ....Amchitka Island | |
| .....Cannikin Alaska | |
| SN | Name of site of nuclear explosion on Amchitka Island in the Aleutian Islands. |
| Canning Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Australia | |
| ..Western Australia | |
| ...Canning Basin | |
| SN | Arid region in northern Western Australia, about 790 miles NNE of Perth. Also search Desert Basin AND Australia. |
| Cannon County Tennessee | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Cannon County Tennessee | |
| NT | Woodbury Tennessee |
| SN | Central Tennessee. |
| Canon City Colorado | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Colorado | |
| ..Fremont County Colorado | |
| ...Canon City Colorado | |
| SN | City in central Colorado. |
| canonical analysis | |
|---|---|
| BT | statistical analysis |
| .canonical analysis | |
| RT | analysis |
| Cantabria Knoll | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cantabria Seamount |
| Cantabria Seamount | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Bay of Biscay | |
| ...Cantabria Seamount | |
| UF | Cantabria Knoll |
| RT | DSDP Site 119 |
| SN | W Bay of Biscay. Also search Cantabria. |
| Cantabria Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Cantabria Spain | |
| NT | Santander Spain |
| UF | Cantabrian region |
| RT | Cantabrian Basin |
| Cantabrian Mountains | |
| Old Castile Spain | |
| Santander Massif | |
| SN | In N Spain on the Bay of Biscay. Part of Old Castile. Both an autonomous community and its coextensive province formerly called Santander Province. Also search Santander Spain; OR Santander Province AND Spain. Before 1981 also search Santander Spain. |
| Cantabrian Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Cantabrian Basin | |
| RT | Basque Provinces Spain |
| Asturias Spain | |
| Cantabria Spain | |
| SN | Region in the Cantabrian Mountains area in N and NW Spain. Indexed with provinces as applicable. |
| Cantabrian Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Cantabrian Mountains | |
| RT | Galicia Spain |
| Asturias Spain | |
| Castilla y Leon Spain | |
| Cantabria Spain | |
| Santander Massif | |
| SN | Range extending westward from the Pyrenees along the Bay of Biscay to the Galician Mountains. |
| Cantabrian region | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cantabria Spain |
| Cantal France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Cantal France | |
| NT | Cantal Massif |
| Massiac France | |
| RT | Central Massif |
| SN | Department in S central France. |
| Cantal Massif | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Cantal France | |
| ....Cantal Massif | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Central Massif | |
| ....Cantal Massif | |
| SN | Part of Central Massif covering central France. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Canterbury New Zealand | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .New Zealand | |
| ..Canterbury New Zealand | |
| NT | Christchurch New Zealand |
| RT | South Island |
| SN | District in E central New Zealand. Also index South Island. |
| Canton River | |
|---|---|
| USE | Zhujiang River |
| Canyon County Idaho | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Idaho | |
| ..Canyon County Idaho | |
| Canyon Diablo Crater | |
|---|---|
| USE | Meteor Crater |
| Canyon Diablo Meteorite | |
|---|---|
| BT | meteorites |
| .iron meteorites | |
| ..octahedrite | |
| ...Canyon Diablo Meteorite | |
| UF | Canyon Diablo Meteorites |
| RT | Arizona |
| Coconino County Arizona | |
| Meteor Crater | |
| SN | Refers to fragments associated with Meteor Crater in Coconino County, Arizona. Has numerous synonyms. Before 1981, also search Canon Diablo; Canyon Diablo; Arizona; Barringer; Elden; Helt Township in combination with meteorites. Due to numbering of these |
| Canyon Diablo Meteorites | |
|---|---|
| USE | Canyon Diablo Meteorite |
| Canyon Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Pennsylvanian | |
| .....Upper Pennsylvanian | |
| ......Canyon Group | |
| RT | United States |
| Texas | |
| SN | Includes Graford Formation, Winchell Limestone, Brad Formation, and Caddo Creek Formation. Central and N central Texas. |
| Canyon#Astoria Formation#Bald Mountain#Basin and Range Province#Battle Mountain |
|---|
| Canyonlands National Park | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Utah | |
| ..Canyonlands National Park | |
| RT | national parks |
| Garfield County Utah | |
| San Juan County Utah | |
| Wayne County Utah | |
| SN | SE Utah. Indexed with counties as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| canyons | |
|---|---|
| UF | land canyons |
| RT | geomorphology |
| fluvial features | |
| submarine canyons | |
| valleys | |
| gorges | |
| solution features | |
| SN | As of 1976, usage restricted to land canyons. Before 1976, also refers to submarine canyons. |
| Cap Blanc | |
|---|---|
| RT | France |
| Majorca | |
| Mauritania | |
| Tunisia | |
| Western Sahara | |
| SN | Occurs in numerous locations including the coasts of Mauritania and Western Sahara, Tunisia, Majorca, and France. Search in combination with country or island. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| cap rocks | |
|---|---|
| RT | anhydrite |
| diapirs | |
| geothermal energy | |
| gypsum | |
| reservoir rocks | |
| rocks | |
| petroleum | |
| salt domes | |
| salt tectonics | |
| sealing | |
| SN | Used for salt tectonics: an impervious layer or body of rock over a salt dome. |
| capacity | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. Before 1981, included use as a general term. See volume, bearing capacity, cation exchange capacity, field capacity, heat capacity, or production capacity. |
| Capbreton France | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Landes France | |
| ....Capbreton France | |
| SN | Town in SW France. |
| Cape Ann | |
|---|---|
| RT | Essex County Massachusetts |
| Gulf of Maine | |
| SN | NE Massachusetts. May also occur in other locations. Indexed with Essex County Massachusetts or region as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cape Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .South Atlantic | |
| ..Cape Basin | |
| UF | Walvis Basin |
| RT | Leg 40 |
| DSDP Site 360 | |
| DSDP Site 524 | |
| ODP Site 1082 | |
| ODP Site 1083 | |
| ODP Site 1084 | |
| ODP Site 1085 | |
| ODP Site 1086 | |
| ODP Site 1087 | |
| SN | SE Atlantic Ocean. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Cape Bojador | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .North Africa | |
| ..Morocco | |
| ...Cape Bojador | |
| RT | DSDP Site 397 |
| Leg 47 | |
| SN | Headland extending into Atlantic Ocean on S coast of Morocco. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Cape Breton County Nova Scotia | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Maritime Provinces | |
| ...Nova Scotia | |
| ....Cape Breton County Nova Scotia | |
| NT | Sydney Nova Scotia |
| Cape Breton Highlands | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Maritime Provinces | |
| ...Nova Scotia | |
| ....Cape Breton Island | |
| .....Cape Breton Highlands | |
| SN | N Cape Breton Island, NE Nova Scotia. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cape Breton Island | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Maritime Provinces | |
| ...Nova Scotia | |
| ....Cape Breton Island | |
| NT | Cape Breton Highlands |
| RT | Avalon Zone |
| Loch Lomond | |
| Morien Group | |
| Sydney coal field | |
| SN | NE Nova Scotia. |
| Cape Canaveral | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Florida | |
| ..Brevard County Florida | |
| ...Cape Canaveral | |
| UF | Cape Kennedy |
| SN | Cape on the Atlantic Ocean in E Florida. Site of John F. Kennedy Space Center. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Cape Cod | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Massachusetts | |
| ..Barnstable County Massachusetts | |
| ...Cape Cod | |
| NT | Monomoy Island |
| SN | SE Massachusetts. Coextensive with Barnstable County. |
| Cape Dyer | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Baffin Island | |
| ...Cape Dyer | |
| SN | Cape on Davis Strait on E Baffin Island. Before 1993, also referred to the village. As of 1993, Cape Dyer Northwest Territories is used for the village. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Cape Elizabeth Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Cape Elizabeth Formation | |
| RT | Maine |
| Casco Bay Group | |
| SN | In Casco Bay Group. SW Maine. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cape Fear Arch | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Cape Fear Arch | |
| SN | Extends NW from Cape Fear. |
| Cape fold belt | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Southern Africa | |
| ..South Africa | |
| ...Cape fold belt | |
| RT | Eastern Cape Province South Africa |
| Western Cape Province South Africa | |
| SN | S South Africa. Composed of E trending southern branch and NW trending western branch which meet in a SW trending axis. Indexed with provinces. |
| Cape Girardeau County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Cape Girardeau County Missouri | |
| Cape Hatteras | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Dare County North Carolina | |
| ...Cape Hatteras | |
| SN | Promontory on Hatteras Island between Pamlico Sound and the Atlantic Ocean. |
| Cape Kennedy | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cape Canaveral |
| Cape Lookout | |
|---|---|
| RT | Carteret County North Carolina |
| North Carolina | |
| SN | Headland at S end off Carteret County. Indexed with counties or regions as applicable. |
| Cape May County New Jersey | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New Jersey | |
| ..Cape May County New Jersey | |
| SN | S extremity of New Jersey, occupying the Cape May Peninsula between the Atlantic Ocean and Delaware Bay. |
| Cape Mendocino | |
|---|---|
| BT | mboldt County California |
| .Cape Mendocino | |
| UF | Mendocino (Cape) |
| RT | Eel River basin |
| SN | On W coast of Humboldt County, extreme W California. |
| Cape Mendocino earthquakes 1992 | |
|---|---|
| BT | earthquakes |
| .Cape Mendocino earthquakes 1992 | |
| RT | California |
| Northern California | |
| SN | Epicenter near Cape Mendocino, Humboldt County, NW California. Also search Cape Mendocino earthquake 1992. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Cape Province region | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Southern Africa | |
| ..South Africa | |
| ...Cape Province region | |
| UF | Cape Province South Africa |
| RT | Broken Hill Mine |
| Ecca Group | |
| False Bay | |
| Eastern Cape Province South Africa | |
| Cape Town South Africa | |
| Karroo Basin | |
| Kimberley South Africa | |
| Knysna South Africa | |
| Langebaanweg South Africa | |
| Molteno South Africa | |
| Namaqualand | |
| Namaqualand metamorphic complex | |
| North-West P | |
| SN | Former province in S South Africa. In 1994, split into part of North-West Province, Northern Cape Province, Eastern Cape Province, and Western Cape Province. Indexed with provinces as applicable. |
| Cape Province South Africa | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cape Province region |
| Cape Sable | |
|---|---|
| RT | Monroe County Florida |
| Nova Scotia | |
| SN | S point of Cape Sable Island in extreme S Nova Scotia. Also in SW Florida on Florida Bay. May also occur in other locations. Indexed with county or region as applicable. |
| Cape Smith fold belt | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Canadian Shield | |
| ..Churchill Province | |
| ...Cape Smith fold belt | |
| RT | Quebec |
| SN | Structural subprovince in N Quebec. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cape Town South Africa | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Southern Africa | |
| ..South Africa | |
| ...Eastern Cape Province South Africa | |
| ....Cape Town South Africa | |
| UF | Capetown South Africa |
| RT | Cape Province region |
| Table Mountain | |
| SN | City in extreme SW South Africa. |
| Cape Valse | |
|---|---|
| USE | False Cape |
| Cape Verde Atlantic | |
|---|---|
| SN | Used from 1981-1994 for Eastern Atlantic bounded on the north by the Azores-Gibraltar Ridge, on the west by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, and on the south by the Romanche fracture zone. See Equatorial Atlantic, North Atlantic, or South Atlantic. |
| Cape Verde Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Cape Verde Basin | |
| RT | DSDP Site 12 |
| DSDP Site 137 | |
| DSDP Site 138 | |
| DSDP Site 139 | |
| DSDP Site 140 | |
| DSDP Site 367 | |
| Leg 41 | |
| ODP Site 657 | |
| SN | E Atlantic Ocean between the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and West Africa in NE Atlantic. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Cape Verde Islands | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean Islands |
| .Cape Verde Islands | |
| BT | Africa |
| .Cape Verde Islands | |
| SN | Former Portuguese overseas province W of Dakar, Senegal. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Cape Verde Rise | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Cape Verde Rise | |
| RT | Leg 41 |
| DSDP Site 368 | |
| ODP Site 659 | |
| SN | Between Cape Verde Islands and West Africa in NE Atlantic. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Cape York Meteorite | |
|---|---|
| BT | meteorites |
| .iron meteorites | |
| ..Cape York Meteorite | |
| RT | Greenland |
| SN | Impact on Cape York, NW Greenland. Before 1985, also search Cape York AND meteorites. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Cape York Peninsula | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Australia | |
| ..Queensland Australia | |
| ...Cape York Peninsula | |
| RT | Moreton Australia |
| Weipa Australia | |
| SN | Between Gulf of Carpentaria and Coral Sea in extreme N Queensland. |
| capes | |
|---|---|
| BT | shore features |
| .capes | |
| RT | geomorphology |
| marine environment | |
| barrier islands | |
| shorelines | |
| beaches | |
| longshore bars | |
| bars | |
| littoral erosion | |
| coastal environment | |
| intertidal environment | |
| spits | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| Capetown South Africa | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cape Town South Africa |
| capillarity | |
|---|---|
| RT | capillary pressure |
| capillary water | |
| imbibition | |
| soils | |
| suction | |
| surface tension | |
| capillary pressure | |
|---|---|
| RT | capillarity |
| capillary water | |
| pressure | |
| suction | |
| capillary water | |
|---|---|
| RT | capillarity |
| capillary pressure | |
| ground water | |
| saturated zone | |
| soils | |
| unsaturated zone | |
| water table | |
| SN | Before 1981, also search capillarity. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Capistrano Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Capistrano Formation | |
| RT | California |
| lower Pliocene | |
| upper Miocene | |
| SN | Upper Miocene and lower Pliocene. Subdivided to include Osa Member. Unconformably underlies Niguel Formation. Southern California between Santa Ana and Oceanside. Indexed with ages as applicable. |
| Capitan Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Guadalupian | |
| .....Capitan Formation | |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Texas | |
| SN | Massive reef limestone which grades basinward into upper Delaware Mountain Sandstone and lagoonward into Carlsbad Limestone. SE New Mexico and W Texas. |
| Capitanian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Guadalupian | |
| .....Capitanian | |
| Capnic Romania | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cavnic Romania |
| Captorhinidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Reptilia | |
| ....Anapsida | |
| .....Cotylosauria | |
| ......Captorhinomorpha | |
| .......Captorhinidae | |
| Captorhinomorpha | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Reptilia | |
| ....Anapsida | |
| .....Cotylosauria | |
| ......Captorhinomorpha | |
| NT | Captorhinidae |
| SN | Suborder. |
| capture | |
|---|---|
| USE | stream capture |
| Carabobo Venezuela | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Venezuela | |
| ..Carabobo Venezuela | |
| NT | Puerto Cabello Venezuela |
| SN | State on Caribbean Sea in N Venezuela. Also a village. |
| Caracas Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Caracas Group | |
| RT | Venezuela |
| Caracas Venezuela | |
| Federal District Venezuela | |
| SN | Middle and upper Mesozoic. Includes Las Brisas Formation, Antimano Formation, Tacagua Formation. In Cordillera de la Costa of Venezuela. |
| Caracas Venezuela | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Venezuela | |
| ..Federal District Venezuela | |
| ...Caracas Venezuela | |
| RT | Caracas Group |
| SN | City in N Venezuela. |
| Caradoc | |
|---|---|
| USE | Caradocian |
| Caradocian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Ordovician | |
| ....Upper Ordovician | |
| .....Caradocian | |
| UF | Caradoc |
| RT | Bala |
| SN | Europe. Above Llandeilian, below Ashgillian. |
| carapaces | |
|---|---|
| SN | After 1992, for carapace of an ostracod, use morphology and Ostracoda. See exoskeletons, chitin. |
| Carapita Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Tertiary | |
| ....Carapita Formation | |
| RT | Oligocene |
| Miocene | |
| Venezuela | |
| Caribbean Sea | |
| Freites Formation | |
| Oficina | |
| Oficina Formation | |
| Trinidad | |
| SN | Oligocene-Miocene. E Venezuela and adjacent Caribbean Sea. Parts of the formation are laterally transitional with the nonmarine Oficina Formation/lower Freites Formation. Indexed with Oligocene and/or Miocene as applicable. |
| Caravaca Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Murcia Spain | |
| .....Caravaca Spain | |
| SN | City in SE Spain. |
| carbargilite | |
|---|---|
| USE | coal |
| carbides | |
|---|---|
| BT | alloys |
| .carbides | |
| NT | cohenite |
| moissanite | |
| RT | carborundum |
| SN | Before 1993, also search carborundum for silicon carbide if applicable. |
| carbohydrates | |
|---|---|
| BT | organic compounds |
| .carbohydrates | |
| NT | polysaccharides |
| sugars | |
| Carbon County Montana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Montana | |
| ..Carbon County Montana | |
| SN | S Montana. |
| Carbon County Pennsylvania | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Pennsylvania | |
| ..Carbon County Pennsylvania | |
| SN | E Pennsylvania. |
| Carbon County Utah | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Utah | |
| ..Carbon County Utah | |
| RT | Book Cliffs |
| Sunnyside Mine | |
| SN | Central Utah. |
| Carbon County Wyoming | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wyoming | |
| ..Carbon County Wyoming | |
| NT | Seminoe Mountains |
| Shirley Basin | |
| RT | Great Divide Basin |
| Lost Soldier Field | |
| Sullivan Mine | |
| SN | S Wyoming. |
| carbon cycle | |
|---|---|
| BT | geochemical cycle |
| .carbon cycle | |
| RT | cycles |
| organic carbon | |
| SN | Also search geochemical cycle and carbon. Before 1982, also search cycles and carbon. Indexed with carbon. |
| carbon dioxide | |
|---|---|
| UF | CO2 |
| RT | geochemistry |
| phase equilibria | |
| carbon monoxide | |
| decarbonation | |
| fluid inclusions | |
| greenhouse effect | |
| carbon monoxide | |
|---|---|
| UF | CO (carbon monoxide) |
| RT | carbon dioxide |
| carbon tetrachloride | |
|---|---|
| BT | organic compounds |
| .halogenated hydrocarbons | |
| ..chlorinated hydrocarbons | |
| ...carbon tetrachloride | |
| UF | perchloromethane |
| tetrachloromethane | |
| RT | pollutants |
| toxic materials | |
| solvents | |
| SN | CCl |
| carbon-12 | |
|---|---|
| USE | C-12 |
| carbon-13 | |
|---|---|
| USE | C-13 |
| carbon-14 | |
|---|---|
| USE | C-14 |
| carbonaceous | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid index term through 1977. After 1977, use carbonaceous chondrites for meteorites, and use carbonaceous composition as a general term referring to carbon and coal. |
| carbonaceous chondrites | |
|---|---|
| BT | meteorites |
| .stony meteorites | |
| ..chondrites | |
| ...carbonaceous chondrites | |
| NT | CM chondrites |
| CR chondrites | |
| CV chondrites | |
| Kainsaz Meteorite | |
| Orgueil Meteorite | |
| RT | Kaidun Meteorite |
| ordinary chondrites | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search chondrites AND carbonaceous. |
| carbonaceous composition | |
|---|---|
| UF | carbonaceous rocks |
| RT | organic compounds |
| composition | |
| coal | |
| black shale | |
| carbon | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search carbonaceous. |
| carbonaceous rocks | |
|---|---|
| USE | carbonaceous composition |
| carbonaceous shale | |
|---|---|
| USE | black shale |
| carbonado | |
|---|---|
| BT | native elements |
| .carbonado | |
| RT | diamonds |
| industrial minerals | |
| carbon | |
| carbonate | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. See carbonates; carbonate ion; carbonate rocks; carbonate sediments. |
| carbonate apatite | |
|---|---|
| BT | phosphates |
| .carbonate apatite | |
| UF | carbonate-apatites |
| tavistockite | |
| RT | apatite |
| dahllite | |
| carbonate banks | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary structures |
| .biogenic structures | |
| ..carbonate banks | |
| RT | bioherms |
| algal banks | |
| banks | |
| reefs | |
| mud banks | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| carbonate compensation | |
|---|---|
| USE | carbonate compensation depth |
| carbonate compensation depth | |
|---|---|
| UF | carbonate compensation |
| depth of compensation | |
| RT | oceanography |
| solution | |
| ocean circulation | |
| sea water | |
| lysoclines | |
| carbonate composition | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1981, no longer a valid term for GeoRef. Now use carbonaceous composition if applicable. |
| carbonate ion | |
|---|---|
| RT | bicarbonate ion |
| carbonates | |
| geochemistry | |
| ions | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| carbonate platforms | |
|---|---|
| RT | carbonate rocks |
| carbonate sediments | |
| platform reefs | |
| platforms | |
| sedimentation | |
| shelf environment | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| carbonate ramps | |
|---|---|
| RT | carbonate rocks |
| carbonate sediments | |
| coastal environment | |
| ramps | |
| shallow-water environment | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| carbonate sediments | |
|---|---|
| BT | sediments |
| .carbonate sediments | |
| RT | sand |
| limestone | |
| oolite | |
| gravel | |
| carbonates | |
| dolomite | |
| carbonate rocks | |
| travertine | |
| tufa | |
| carbonate platforms | |
| carbonate ramps | |
| coquina | |
| dolostone | |
| carbonate-apatites | |
|---|---|
| USE | carbonate apatite |
| carbonatites | |
|---|---|
| BT | igneous rocks |
| .plutonic rocks | |
| ..carbonatites | |
| NT | sovite |
| RT | carbonate rocks |
| carbonatiza |
|---|
| carbonatization | |
|---|---|
| NT | calcitization |
| dolomitization | |
| RT | alteration |
| carbonates | |
| coalification | |
| diagenesis | |
| hydrothermal alteration | |
| metasomatism | |
| processes | |
| SN | Introduction of, or replacement by, carbonates. Not to be used for carbonation; instead use coalification. |
| Carbondale Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Pennsylvanian | |
| .....Middle Pennsylvanian | |
| ......Carbondale Formation | |
| RT | Kentucky |
| Illinois | |
| Herrin Coal Member | |
| Kewanee Group | |
| Springfield Coal Member | |
| SN | In Kewanee Group. Illinois and W Kentucky. |
| Carbondale Illinois | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Illinois | |
| ..Jackson County Illinois | |
| ...Carbondale Illinois | |
| SN | City in S Illinois. |
| Carbonicola | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Mollusca | |
| ..Bivalvia | |
| ...Carbonicola | |
| SN | Genus. |
| carbonification | |
|---|---|
| USE | coalification |
| carbonitization | |
|---|---|
| USE | coalification |
| carbonization | |
|---|---|
| USE | coalification |
| carborundum | |
|---|---|
| RT | abrasives |
| carbides | |
| ceramic materials | |
| industrial minerals | |
| moissanite | |
| refractory materials | |
| synthetic materials | |
| SN | Trade name for a synthetic silicon carbide. After 1993, see carbides or moissanite for the mineral. For use as a commodity, index abrasives and industrial minerals or refractory materials as applicable. See List C. |
| carboxylic acids | |
|---|---|
| BT | organic compounds |
| .organic acids | |
| ..carboxylic acids | |
| NT | acetic acid |
| oxalic acid | |
| RT | geochemistry |
| acids | |
| SN | Organic acids containing one or more carboxyl groups. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| carcinogens | |
|---|---|
| RT | biochemistry |
| chloroform | |
| chlorophenols | |
| dioxins | |
| medical geology | |
| pollutants | |
| toxic materials | |
| SN | Includes known and suspected carcinogens. Also index specific class of materials. |
| Cardiff Wales | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..United Kingdom | |
| ...Great Britain | |
| ....Wales | |
| .....Glamorgan Wales | |
| ......Cardiff Wales | |
| SN | City on the Bristol Channel in South Glamorgan County, SE Wales. |
| Cardigan Bay | |
|---|---|
| RT | Cardiganshire Wales |
| Dyfed Wales | |
| Irish Sea | |
| Merionethshire Wales | |
| Prince Edward Island | |
| Wales | |
| SN | Large inlet of Saint George's Channel off N Wales. Also in Kings County Prince Edward Island. Indexed with Kings County Prince Edward Island or Wales as applicable. |
| Cardiganshire Wales | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..United Kingdom | |
| ...Great Britain | |
| ....Wales | |
| .....Dyfed Wales | |
| ......Cardiganshire Wales | |
| NT | Aberystwyth Wales |
| RT | Cardigan Bay |
| SN | Former county on Cardigan Bay. Also search Cardigan. |
| Cardiidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Mollusca | |
| ..Bivalvia | |
| ...Cardiidae | |
| NT | Cardium |
| Carditida | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Mollusca | |
| ..Bivalvia | |
| ...Carditida | |
| Cardium | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Mollusca | |
| ..Bivalvia | |
| ...Cardiidae | |
| ....Cardium | |
| NT | Cardium edule |
| SN | Genus. |
| Cardium edule | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Mollusca | |
| ..Bivalvia | |
| ...Cardiidae | |
| ....Cardium | |
| .....Cardium edule | |
| Cardium Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Cardium Formation | |
| RT | Alberta |
| British Columbia | |
| SN | Also search Cardium Sandstone NOT Texas. For Miocene formation of offshore Texas, search Cardium Sandstone AND Texas. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cargo Muchacho Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Imperial County California | |
| ...Cargo Muchacho Mountains | |
| SN | SE California. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cariaco Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Caribbean Sea | |
| ...Cariaco Basin | |
| UF | Cariaco Trench |
| RT | ODP Site 1002 |
| SN | W of Cariaco Bay and between Isla la Tortuga and Venezuelan coast. |
| Cariaco Trench | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cariaco Basin |
| Caribbean Mountain Range | |
|---|---|
| BT | Caribbean region |
| .West Indies | |
| ..Caribbean Mountain Range | |
| RT | Andes |
| Puerto Rico | |
| Antilles | |
| SN | Islands comprising the Antilles stretching from Florida to the coast of Venezuela constituting the remainder of several submerged Andean spurs meeting in Puerto Rico. |
| Caribbean Plate | |
|---|---|
| RT | Caribbean region |
| plate tectonics | |
| plates | |
| SN | The Caribbean Sea including the Caribbean islands and across Central America to the Cocos plate just to the W. Indexed with geographic area and/or age as applicable. |
| Caribbean region | |
|---|---|
| NT | West Indies |
| RT | Aves Island |
| Caribbean Plate | |
| Caribbean Sea | |
| Central America | |
| Chicxulub Crater | |
| Chortis Block | |
| Colombia | |
| Colombian Basin | |
| Los Testigos | |
| Venezuela | |
| Yucatan Peninsula | |
| SN | Also search Caribbean. Indexed with Antilles, Caribbean Sea, Central America, Colombia, and Venezuela as applicable. |
| Caribbean Sea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Caribbean Sea | |
| NT | Aves Ridge |
| Beata Ridge | |
| Cariaco Basin | |
| Cayman Trough | |
| Mid-Cayman Rise | |
| Nicaragua Rise | |
| Venezuelan Basin | |
| Yucatan Basin | |
| RT | Aves Island |
| Caribbean region | |
| DSDP Site 541 | |
| Barracuda Ridge | |
| Carapita Formation | |
| Chicxulub Crater | |
| Colombian Basin | |
| DSDP Site 146 | |
| DSDP Site 147 | |
| DSDP Site 148 | |
| DSDP Site 149 | |
| DSDP Site 150 | |
| DSDP Site 151 | |
| DSDP Site 152 | |
| DSDP Site 153 | |
| DSDP Site 154 | |
| DSDP Site 502 | |
| DSDP | |
| SN | Bounded by the West Indies on the N and E, South America on the S, and Central America on the W. Also search Caribbean. Before 1981, Grand Cayman Island was included as a narrower term. Before 1995, Los Testigos, and Aves Island were included as narrower |
| Cariboo Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Western Canada | |
| ..British Columbia | |
| ...Cariboo Mountains | |
| RT | Canadian Rocky Mountains |
| Rocky Mountains | |
| SN | Range of the Rocky Mountains in E central British Columbia. |
| Caribou County Idaho | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Idaho | |
| ..Caribou County Idaho | |
| SN | SE Idaho. |
| Carixian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Jurassic | |
| ....Lower Jurassic | |
| .....Carixian | |
| SN | Europe. |
| Carleton County New Brunswick | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Eastern Canada | |
| ..Maritime Provinces | |
| ...New Brunswick | |
| ....Carleton County New Brunswick | |
| NT | Woodstock New Brunswick |
| Carlile Sh |
|---|
| Carlile Shale | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Carlile Shale | |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Wyoming | |
| Montana | |
| Colorado | |
| Nebraska | |
| Kansas | |
| South Dakota | |
| Colorado Group | |
| Benton Formation | |
| Codell Sandstone Member | |
| SN | In Colorado Group. E Colorado, Kansas, SE Montana, Nebraska, NE New Mexico, South Dakota, E Wyoming. |
| Carlin Mine | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nevada | |
| ..Carlin Mine | |
| RT | mines |
| gold ores | |
| SN | Gold ores. NE Nevada. Also search Carlin Nevada. |
| Carlin Nevada | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nevada | |
| ..Elko County Nevada | |
| ...Carlin Nevada | |
| SN | Town in NE Nevada. |
| Carlin Trend | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nevada | |
| ..Carlin Trend | |
| RT | gold ores |
| carlin-type deposits | |
| SN | Gold belt. Elko and Eureka counties, NE Nevada. |
| carlin-type deposits | |
|---|---|
| UF | noseeum deposits |
| RT | mineral deposits, genesis |
| gold ores | |
| Carlin Trend | |
| disseminated deposits | |
| epithermal processes | |
| Carlisle County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Carlisle County Kentucky | |
| Carlsbad | |
|---|---|
| SN | As of 1989, use Carlsbad New Mexico for the city in New Mexico. For the town in W Czech Republic, use Karlovy Vary Czech Republic. |
| Carlsbad Caverns | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New Mexico | |
| ..Eddy County New Mexico | |
| ...Carlsbad Caverns | |
| RT | Lechuguilla Cave |
| SN | In SW Eddy County just N of Texas border. |
| Carlsbad New Mexico | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New Mexico | |
| ..Eddy County New Mexico | |
| ...Carlsbad New Mexico | |
| SN | City in SE New Mexico. |
| Carlsberg Ridge | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indian Ocean |
| .Carlsberg Ridge | |
| UF | Arabian Ridge |
| Arabian-Indian Midoceanic Ridge | |
| Arabian-Indian Ridge | |
| RT | mid-ocean ridges |
| SN | Between Somali Republic and the Seychelles to the W, and the Laccadive and Maldive islands to the E. |
| Carlton County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Carlton County Minnesota | |
| Carlton Rhyolite | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Cambrian | |
| ....Middle Cambrian | |
| .....Carlton Rhyolite | |
| RT | Oklahoma |
| SN | SW Oklahoma. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Carmarthenshire Wales | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..United Kingdom | |
| ...Great Britain | |
| ....Wales | |
| .....Dyfed Wales | |
| ......Carmarthenshire Wales | |
| SN | Former county in S Wales on Bristol Channel. As of April of 1974, considered part of Dyfed. Before 1993, also search Carmarthen. |
| Carmel Bay | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Monterey County California | |
| ...Carmel Bay | |
| SN | NW Monterey County, W California. |
| Carmel California | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..Monterey County California | |
| ...Carmel California | |
| UF | Carmel-by-the-Sea |
| SN | City in W California. |
| Carmel Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Jurassic | |
| ....Carmel Formation | |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Utah | |
| Colorado | |
| Arizona | |
| San Rafael Group | |
| SN | Middle and Upper Jurassic. In San Rafael Group. Utah, NE Arizona, W Colorado and NW New Mexico. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Carmel-by-the-Sea | |
|---|---|
| USE | Carmel California |
| Carmona Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Andalusia Spain | |
| .....Seville Spain | |
| ......Carmona Spain | |
| SN | City in SW Spain. |
| carnallite | |
|---|---|
| BT | halides |
| .chlorides | |
| ..carnallite | |
| Carnarvon Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Australia | |
| ..Western Australia | |
| ...Carnarvon Basin | |
| SN | S of Lake McLeod in Carnarvon region in W Western Australia. |
| Carnegie Ridge | |
|---|---|
| BT | Pacific Ocean |
| .East Pacific | |
| ..Carnegie Ridge | |
| RT | DSDP Site 156 |
| Equatorial Pacific | |
| Leg 16 | |
| SN | Just S of the equator between Ecuador and Galapagos Islands. |
| carnelian | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .framework silicates | |
| ..silica minerals | |
| ...carnelian | |
| RT | chalcedony |
| gems | |
| Carnian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Triassic | |
| ....Upper Triassic | |
| .....Carnian | |
| RT | Hallstatt Limestone |
| Stuhini Group | |
| SN | Europe. Above Ladinian, below Norian. |
| Carnic Alps | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Alps | |
| ..Eastern Alps | |
| ...Carnic Alps | |
| RT | Veneto Italy |
| Carinthia Austria | |
| Karawanken | |
| Friuli-Venezia Giulia Italy | |
| SN | Range of Eastern Alps. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| carniv |
|---|
| Carnivora | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Carnivora | |
| NT | Fissipeda |
| Pinnipedia | |
| SN | Order. |
| carnivorous taxa | |
|---|---|
| RT | Carnosauria |
| dinosaurs | |
| ecology | |
| herbivorous taxa | |
| feeding | |
| paleoecology | |
| Plantae | |
| predation | |
| trophic analysis | |
| SN | As of 1998, use Carnivora for the mammalian order. |
| Carnmenellis Granite | |
|---|---|
| RT | England |
| Scotland | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Carnosauria | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Reptilia | |
| ....Diapsida | |
| .....Archosauria | |
| ......Saurischia | |
| .......Theropoda | |
| ........Carnosauria | |
| NT | Allosaurus |
| Tyrannosauridae | |
| RT | carnivorous taxa |
| SN | This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| carnotite | |
|---|---|
| BT | vanadates |
| .carnotite | |
| RT | uranium ores |
| vanadium ores | |
| Carolina Bays | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Carolina Bays | |
| RT | South Carolina |
| Virginia | |
| geomorphology | |
| Florida | |
| North Carolina | |
| Maryland | |
| Georgia | |
| Atlantic Coastal Plain | |
| impact features | |
| Delaware | |
| New Jersey | |
| SN | Depressions on the E coast of the U.S. from Florida to New Jersey that are of controversial origin. Indexed with states as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Carolina slate belt | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Appalachians | |
| ..Carolina slate belt | |
| RT | South Carolina |
| North Carolina | |
| Avalon Zone | |
| Charlotte Belt | |
| Carolina Terrane | |
| Kings Mountain Belt | |
| Kiokee Belt | |
| Raleigh Belt | |
| SN | W North Carolina and NW South Carolina. Indexed with states as applicable. |
| Carolina Terrane | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Carolina Terrane | |
| RT | South Carolina |
| Virginia | |
| North Carolina | |
| Georgia | |
| Carolina slate belt | |
| Southern Appalachians | |
| SN | Proterozoic-Middle Cambrian composite volcanic arc exotic to North America which occurs in the Southern Appalachians of Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia. Indexed with states as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1998. |
| Caroline County Maryland | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Maryland | |
| ..Caroline County Maryland | |
| Caroline County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Caroline County Virginia | |
| Caroline Islands | |
|---|---|
| BT | Oceania |
| .Micronesia | |
| ..Caroline Islands | |
| NT | Palau |
| UF | Carolines |
| RT | Pacific Ocean |
| West Pacific Ocean Islands | |
| SN | Central and W island group of U.S. Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Used in subfiles B and E. |
| Carolines | |
|---|---|
| USE | Caroline Islands |
| carotenoids | |
|---|---|
| BT | organic compounds |
| .pigments | |
| ..carotenoids | |
| Carpathian Foredeep | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Carpathian Foredeep | |
| RT | Romania |
| Poland | |
| Ukraine | |
| Slovakia | |
| Carpathians | |
| SN | Elongated depressions bordering Carpathians. Also search Carpathian AND foredeep. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| Carpathian Foreland | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Carpathian Foreland | |
| RT | Romania |
| Poland | |
| Ukraine | |
| Slovakia | |
| Carpathians | |
| Subcarpathians | |
| SN | Stable area marginal to Carpathians. Also search Carpathian AND foreland. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| Carpathian Mountains | |
|---|---|
| USE | Carpathians |
| Carpathians | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Carpathians | |
| NT | Beshchady Mountains |
| Beskid Mountains | |
| Bistrita Mountains | |
| Bukk Mountains | |
| Eastern Carpathians | |
| Matra Mountains | |
| Polish Carpathians | |
| Slovakian Carpathians | |
| Subcarpathians | |
| Tatra Mountains | |
| Ukrainian Carpathians | |
| Vrancea | |
| Western Carpathians | |
| UF | Carpathian Mountains |
| RT | Romania |
| Poland | |
| Ukraine | |
| Hungary | |
| Slovakia | |
| Czech Republic | |
| Transylvanian Alps | |
| Carpathian Foredeep | |
| Carpathian Foreland | |
| Paring Mountains | |
| Pieniny Klippen Belt | |
| Rodna Mountains | |
| Tokaj-Eperjes Mountains | |
| SN | Mountain system of E and central Europe enclosing the Alfold. Indexed with countries as applicable. |
| Carpentaria Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Australasia |
| .Australia | |
| ..Carpentaria Basin | |
| RT | Queensland Australia |
| Northern Territory Australia | |
| SN | Region around Gulf of Carpentaria. Indexed with Australian states as applicable. |
| Carpentarian | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Proterozoic | |
| ...Paleoproterozoic | |
| ....Carpentarian | |
| SN | SE Australia. |
| carpholite | |
|---|---|
| BT | silicates |
| .chain silicates | |
| ..carpholite | |
| RT | aluminosilicates |
| ferrocarpholite | |
| Carrara Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Cambrian | |
| ....Carrara Formation | |
| RT | California |
| Nevada | |
| SN | Lower to Middle Cambrian. California and S Nevada. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Carrara Marble | |
|---|---|
| RT | marble deposits |
| ornamental materials | |
| SN | From marble deposits at Carrara, NW Italy. Material used throughout the world for monuments and sculptures. Added to Thesaurus in 1993. |
| Carriacou | |
|---|---|
| BT | Caribbean region |
| .West Indies | |
| ..Antilles | |
| ...Lesser Antilles | |
| ....Carriacou | |
| RT | Grenada |
| Windward Islands | |
| SN | Largest island of the Grenadines in the Windward Islands. Indexed with Windward Islands. |
| Carrizo Mountain Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Carrizo Mountain Formation | |
| RT | Texas |
| SN | W Texas. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Carrizo Plain | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .California | |
| ..San Luis Obispo County California | |
| ...Carrizo Plain | |
| RT | San Andreas Fault |
| SN | Between Caliente and Temblor ranges, SW California. |
| Carrizo Sand | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Eocene | |
| .....middle Eocene | |
| ......Carrizo Sand | |
| RT | Louisiana |
| Texas | |
| Arkansas | |
| Claiborne Group | |
| SN | In Claiborne Group. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Carroll County Arkansas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Arkansas | |
| ..Carroll County Arkansas | |
| SN | NW Arkansas. |
| Carroll County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Carroll County Georgia | |
| SN | W Georgia. |
| Carroll County Illinois | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Illinois | |
| ..Carroll County Illinois | |
| SN | NW Illinois. |
| Carroll County Indiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indiana |
| .Carroll County Indiana | |
| SN | NW central Indiana. |
| Carroll County Iowa | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Iowa | |
| ..Carroll County Iowa | |
| SN | W central Iowa. |
| Carroll County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Carroll County Kentucky | |
| SN | N Kentucky. |
| Carroll County Maryland | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Maryland | |
| ..Carroll County Maryland | |
| SN | N Maryland. |
| Carroll County Mississippi | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Mississippi | |
| ..Carroll County Mississippi | |
| SN | Central Mississippi. |
| Carroll County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Carroll County Missouri | |
| SN | NW central Missouri. |
| Carroll County New Hampshire | |
|---|---|
| BT | w Hampshire |
| .Carroll County New Hampshire | |
| RT | Hubbard Brook experimental forest |
| Mirror Lake | |
| Saco River | |
| SN | On Maine line in E New Hampshire. |
| Carroll County Ohio | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Ohio | |
| ..Carroll County Ohio | |
| SN | E Ohio. |
| Carroll County Tennessee | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Carroll County Tennessee | |
| SN | NW Tennessee. |
| Carroll County Virginia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Virginia | |
| ..Carroll County Virginia | |
| SN | SW Virginia. Also search Galax Virginia if applicable. |
| carrollite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sulfides |
| .carrollite | |
| UF | sychnodymite |
| RT | cobalt ores |
| linnaeite | |
| Carry-le-Rouet | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Bouches-du-Rhone France | |
| ....Carry-le-Rouet | |
| SN | A section in S Bouches-du-Rhone. |
| Carson City County Nevada | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nevada | |
| ..Carson City County Nevada | |
| Carson County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Carson County Texas | |
| Carson River | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Carson River | |
| RT | Alpine County California |
| Churchill County Nevada | |
| Douglas County Nevada | |
| Lyon County Nevada | |
| SN | Flows from Sierra Nevada to the Carson Sink in W central Nevada. Indexed with U. S. counties as applicable. |
| carst | |
|---|---|
| USE | karst |
| Carswell Structure | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Carswell Structure | |
| RT | Saskatchewan |
| impact features | |
| Northwest Territories | |
| Keewatin District Northwest Territories | |
| SN | Lake Athabasca area of NW Saskatchewan, and the Baker Lake area in Keewatin District of the Northwest Territories. Indexed with province and/or territory as applicable. |
| Cartagena Colombia | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Colombia | |
| ..Bolivar Colombia | |
| ...Cartagena Colombia | |
| SN | City on the Caribbean Sea. |
| Carter County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Carter County Kentucky | |
| SN | NE Kentucky. |
| Carter County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Carter County Missouri | |
| SN | S Missouri. |
| Carter County Montana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Montana | |
| ..Carter County Montana | |
| RT | Bell Creek Field |
| SN | SE Montana. |
| Carter County Oklahoma | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Oklahoma | |
| ..Carter County Oklahoma | |
| RT | Arbuckle Mountains |
| SN | S Oklahoma. |
| Carter County Tennessee | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Tennessee | |
| ..Carter County Tennessee | |
| SN | NE Tennessee. |
| Carteret County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Carteret County North Carolina | |
| NT | Beaufort North Carolina |
| RT | Cape Lookout |
| SN | E North Carolina, on the Atlantic Ocean. |
| Carterinacea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Foraminifera | |
| ...Rotaliina | |
| ....Carterinacea | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Cartersville Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Bartow County Georgia | |
| ...Cartersville Georgia | |
| SN | City in NW Georgia. |
| cartographic scales | |
|---|---|
| UF | map scales |
| scales, cartographic | |
| RT | cartography |
| maps | |
| scale factor | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| cartography | |
|---|---|
| NT | digital cartography |
| UF | chartology |
| RT | registration |
| aerial photography | |
| geomorphology | |
| maps | |
| photogeology | |
| photogrammetry | |
| altimetry | |
| geodesy | |
| topography | |
| ARC/INFO | |
| mapping | |
| cartographic scales | |
| coordinates | |
| global maps | |
| legends | |
| leveling | |
| stereographic projection | |
| topographic correction | |
| triangulation | |
| trilate | |
| SN | As of 1993, restricted to the art and science of mapmaking. For methods, instruments, programs. Before 1972, also search geological exploration; before 1976 also search geologic mapping; before 1978 also search mapping. As of 1993, see mapping for the pro |
| Carver County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Carver County Minnesota | |
| carvings, rock | |
|---|---|
| USE | petroglyphs |
| Carya | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .Spermatophyta | |
| ..Angiospermae | |
| ...Dicotyledoneae | |
| ....Carya | |
| SN | Genus. |
| Caryophyllidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .Spermatophyta | |
| ..Angiospermae | |
| ...Dicotyledoneae | |
| ....Caryophyllidae | |
| Casa Diablo | |
|---|---|
| UF | Casa Diablo hot springs |
| RT | Long Valley Caldera |
| Mono County California | |
| SN | Hot springs in Long Valley Caldera, E California. May occur in other locations. Indexed with counties or regions as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Casa Diablo hot springs | |
|---|---|
| USE | Casa Diablo |
| Casablanca Morocco | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .North Africa | |
| ..Morocco | |
| ...Casablanca Morocco | |
| SN | City bordering the Atlantic Ocean in W Morocco. |
| Casapalca Peru | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Peru | |
| ..Lima Peru | |
| ...Casapalca Peru | |
| SN | Town NE of city of Lima. |
| Cascade County Montana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Montana | |
| ..Cascade County Montana | |
| RT | Big Belt Mountains |
| Little Belt Mountains | |
| SN | W central Montana. |
| Cascade Mountains | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cascade Range |
| Cascade Range | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Cascade Range | |
| NT | Mount Hood |
| Mount Rainier | |
| Mount Saint Helens | |
| Mount Shasta | |
| Newberry Volcano | |
| UF | Cascade Mountains |
| Cascades (Range) | |
| RT | Washington |
| California | |
| Coast Mountains | |
| North American Cordillera | |
| Oregon | |
| Brothers fault zone | |
| Glacier Peak | |
| Golden Horn Batholith | |
| Mount Adams | |
| Mount Baker | |
| Mount Jefferson | |
| Shuksan Thrust | |
| Sierra Nevada | |
| Straight Creek Fault | |
| SN | Northern continuation of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The Coast Mountains continue the range in British Columbia. Indexed with states as applicable. |
| cascades | |
|---|---|
| BT | fluvial features |
| .cascades | |
| RT | geomorphology |
| hydrology | |
| streams | |
| rapids | |
| waterfalls | |
| Cascades (Range) | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cascade Range |
| Cascadia Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Pacific Ocean |
| .North Pacific | |
| ..Northeast Pacific | |
| ...Cascadia Basin | |
| RT | Cascadia subduction zone |
| Leg 168 | |
| ODP Site 1023 | |
| ODP Site 1024 | |
| ODP Site 1025 | |
| ODP Site 1026 | |
| ODP Site 1027 | |
| ODP Site 1028 | |
| ODP Site 1029 | |
| ODP Site 1030 | |
| ODP Site 1031 | |
| ODP Site 1032 | |
| ODP Site 888 | |
| SN | Off the coast of Washington. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Cascadia Channel | |
|---|---|
| BT | Pacific Ocean |
| .North Pacific | |
| ..Northeast Pacific | |
| ...Cascadia Channel | |
| SN | Off coast of Oregon SW of Cascadia Basin. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Cascadia subduction zone | |
|---|---|
| RT | British Columbia |
| California | |
| Cascadia Basin | |
| Gorda Plate | |
| Juan de Fuca Plate | |
| Leg 146 | |
| North American Plate | |
| Northeast Pacific | |
| ODP Site 891 | |
| Oregon | |
| plate tectonics | |
| Washington | |
| SN | Juan de Fuca Plate is being subducted beneath North American Plate. Extends from Vancouver Island to the N California coast. Before 1993, also search Cascadia and subduction. Indexed with Northeast Pacific and/or regions as applicable. Added to Thesaurus |
| Casco Bay Group | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Casco Bay Group | |
| RT | Maine |
| Cape Elizabeth Formation | |
| SN | Lower and middle Paleozoic. SW Maine. Includes Cape Elizabeth Formation, Spring Point Greenstone, Diamond Island Slate, Scarboro Phyllite, Spurwink Limestone, Jewell Phyllite and Mackworth Slate. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| case histories | |
|---|---|
| USE | case studies |
| case studies | |
|---|---|
| UF | case histories |
| studies, case | |
| RT | pollution |
| rock mechanics | |
| soil mechanics | |
| Caserta Italy | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Campania Italy | |
| ....Caserta Italy | |
| SN | Province and city NE of Naples. |
| Casey County Kentucky | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Kentucky | |
| ..Casey County Kentucky | |
| Caseyville Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Carboniferous | |
| ....Pennsylvanian | |
| .....Lower Pennsylvanian | |
| ......Caseyville Formation | |
| RT | Kentucky |
| Illinois | |
| SN | In McCormick Group. SE Illinois and W Kentucky. |
| cash transactions | |
|---|---|
| RT | economics |
| SN | Usually out-of-scope for GeoRef. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Cashel Ireland | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..Ireland | |
| ...Tipperary Ireland | |
| ....Cashel Ireland | |
| SN | Town at the base of the Rock of Cashel in S central Tipperary, S central Ireland. |
| Casper Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Casper Formation | |
| RT | Permian |
| Pennsylvanian | |
| Wyoming | |
| SN | Pennsylvanian and Permian. Includes all beds from top of Madison Group to base of Permian (Opeche Shale) red shales. In SE Wyoming. Indexed with ages as applicable. |
| Casper Mountain | |
|---|---|
| RT | Natrona County Wyoming |
| SN | Central Wyoming. Indexed with counties or regions as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Casper Wyoming | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Wyoming | |
| ..Natrona County Wyoming | |
| ...Casper Wyoming | |
| SN | City in central Wyoming. |
| Caspian Basin | |
|---|---|
| UF | Caspian region |
| Peri-Caspian Depression | |
| RT | Russian Federation |
| Kazakhstan | |
| Azerbaijan | |
| Turkmenia | |
| Iran | |
| Caspian Depression | |
| Eurasia | |
| Caspian Sea | |
| SN | Region including the Caspian Sea and surrounding areas. Also search Caspian. Indexed with Asia and/or Europe and/or Caspian Sea; and former Soviet republics and/or Iran as applicable. |
| Caspian Depression | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Central Asia | |
| ..Caspian Depression | |
| UF | Caspian Lowland |
| Caspian Syneclise | |
| RT | Russian Federation |
| Kazakhstan | |
| Astrakhan Arch | |
| Caspian Basin | |
| Karachaganak Field | |
| Tengiz Field | |
| SN | That part of the Caspian Basin lying N of the Caspian Sea; it is a large lowland area which was submerged by the Caspian Sea at one time. Also search Caspian. Indexed with former Soviet republics as applicable. |
| Caspian Lowland | |
|---|---|
| USE | Caspian Depression |
| Caspian region | |
|---|---|
| USE | Caspian Basin |
| Caspian Sea | |
|---|---|
| RT | Caspian Basin |
| Iran | |
| Kara-Bogaz Gulf | |
| Neftyanyye Kamni | |
| Peschanyy | |
| Russian Federation | |
| SN | Largest inland sea in the world. Also search Caspian. Indexed with Iran and/or the former Soviet republics as applicable. |
| Caspian Syneclise | |
|---|---|
| USE | Caspian Depression |
| Cass County Illinois | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Illinois | |
| ..Cass County Illinois | |
| SN | W central Illinois. |
| Cass County Indiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | Indiana |
| .Cass County Indiana | |
| SN | N central Indiana. |
| Cass County Iowa | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Iowa | |
| ..Cass County Iowa | |
| SN | SW Iowa. |
| Cass County Michigan | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Michigan | |
| ..Michigan Lower Peninsula | |
| ...Cass County Michigan | |
| SN | SW Michigan. |
| Cass County Minnesota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Minnesota | |
| ..Cass County Minnesota | |
| SN | N central Minnesota. |
| Cass County Missouri | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Missouri | |
| ..Cass County Missouri | |
| SN | W Missouri. |
| Cass County Nebraska | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Nebraska | |
| ..Cass County Nebraska | |
| SN | SE Nebraska. |
| Cass County North Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Dakota | |
| ..Cass County North Dakota | |
| SN | E North Dakota. |
| Cass County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Cass County Texas | |
| SN | NE Texas. |
| Cassia County Idaho | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Idaho | |
| ..Cassia County Idaho | |
| RT | Albion Range |
| SN | On Utah and Nevada borders in S central Idaho. |
| Cassiar | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cassiar Mountains |
| Cassiar Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | Canada |
| .Cassiar Mountains | |
| UF | Cassiar |
| RT | British Columbia |
| Canadian Rocky Mountains | |
| Yukon Territory | |
| SN | N British Columbia and S Yukon Territory. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Cassidulina | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Foraminifera | |
| ...Rotaliina | |
| ....Cassidulinacea | |
| .....Cassidulina | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Genus. Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| Cassidulinacea | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Protista | |
| ..Foraminifera | |
| ...Rotaliina | |
| ....Cassidulinacea | |
| NT | Anomalinidae |
| Cassidulina | |
| Globocassidulina subglobosa | |
| RT | microfossils |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| cassiterite | |
|---|---|
| BT | oxides |
| .cassiterite | |
| RT | heavy minerals |
| tin ores | |
| Castaic Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Neogene | |
| ....Miocene | |
| .....upper Miocene | |
| ......Castaic Formation | |
| RT | California |
| SN | S California. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Castellane France | |
|---|---|
| BT | pes-de-Haute Provence France |
| .Castellane France | |
| SN | Village in SE France. |
| Castellon de la Plana City Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Valencia region | |
| .....Castellon Spain | |
| ......Castellon de la Plana City Spain | |
| SN | Refers to only the city in E Spain. |
| Castellon de la Plana Province | |
|---|---|
| USE | Castellon Spain |
| Castellon de la Plana Spain | |
|---|---|
| USE | Castellon Spain |
| SN | No longer a valid term for GeoRef. See Castellon Spain for the province or see Castellon de la Plana City Spain. |
| Castellon Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Valencia region | |
| .....Castellon Spain | |
| NT | Castellon de la Plana City Spain |
| UF | Castellon de la Plana Province |
| Castellon de la Plana Spain | |
| RT | Maestrazgo Spain |
| SN | Refers only to the province in E Spain. For the city, see Castellon de la Plana City Spain. |
| Castile Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Permian | |
| ....Castile Formation | |
| RT | New Mexico |
| Texas | |
| SN | Formation, as now defined, includes beds in lower part of Ochoa Series that are confined in extent to Delaware Basin and overlap sloping surface of Capitan Formation along its margins. SE New Mexico, and W Texas. |
| Castile Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Castile Spain | |
| NT | New Castile Spain |
| Old Castile Spain | |
| RT | Castilla-La Mancha Spain |
| Ciudad Real Spain | |
| Avila Spain | |
| Burgos Spain | |
| Guadalajara Spain | |
| La Rioja Spain | |
| Palencia Spain | |
| Segovia Spain | |
| Soria Spain | |
| Toledo Spain | |
| Valladolid Spain | |
| SN | Region and ancient kingdom of central and N central part of country. |
| Castilla la Nueva | |
|---|---|
| USE | New Castile Spain |
| Castilla la Vieja | |
|---|---|
| USE | Old Castile Spain |
| Castilla y Leon Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Castilla y Leon Spain | |
| NT | Avila Spain |
| Burgos Spain | |
| Leon Spain | |
| Palencia Spain | |
| Salamanca Spain | |
| Segovia Spain | |
| Soria Spain | |
| Valladolid Spain | |
| Zamora Spain | |
| RT | Cantabrian Mountains |
| Old Castile Spain | |
| SN | Autonomous community which includes parts of former Old Castile and Leon regions, NW Spain. |
| Castilla-La Mancha Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Castilla-La Mancha Spain | |
| NT | Albacete Spain |
| Ciudad Real Spain | |
| Cuenca Spain | |
| Guadalajara Spain | |
| Toledo Spain | |
| RT | Castile Spain |
| New Castile Spain | |
| SN | Autonomous community which includes much of New Castile, central Spain. Before 1998, search the individual provinces and New Castile Spain. |
| Castillon Massif | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Pyrenees | |
| ..Castillon Massif | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Ariege France | |
| ....Castillon Massif | |
| RT | French Pyrenees |
| SN | In Ariege Pyrenees in S France. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Castle Hayne Limestone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Paleogene | |
| ....Eocene | |
| .....Castle Hayne Limestone | |
| RT | South Carolina |
| North Carolina | |
| SN | Middle and upper Eocene. Underlies Yorktown Formation near Pollicksville, North Carolina. Coastal Plain of North Carolina and South Carolina. |
| Castle Hayne North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | w Hanover County North Carolina |
| .Castle Hayne North Carolina | |
| SN | City in extreme SE North Carolina. |
| Castlegate Sandstone | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Mesozoic | |
| ...Cretaceous | |
| ....Upper Cretaceous | |
| .....Castlegate Sandstone | |
| RT | Utah |
| Colorado | |
| Mesaverde Group | |
| Price River Formation | |
| SN | May be in Mesaverde Group. E central Utah and W central Colorado. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| Castleton Vermont | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Vermont | |
| ..Rutland County Vermont | |
| ...Castleton Vermont | |
| SN | City in S central Vermont. |
| Castoridae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Rodentia | |
| .......Castoridae | |
| SN | Family. |
| Castro County Texas | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Texas | |
| ..Castro County Texas | |
| casts | |
|---|---|
| RT | bedding plane irregularities |
| chemical fossils | |
| flute casts | |
| fossilization | |
| fossils | |
| groove casts | |
| ichnofossils | |
| lebensspuren | |
| load casts | |
| paleontology | |
| scour casts | |
| sedimentary structures | |
| soft sediment deformation | |
| turbidity current structures | |
| SN | Includes use as the sedimentary structure as well as the paleontologic feature. Indexed with type of sedimentary structures if applicable. Use more specific type if available (See list K). Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| casts, flute | |
|---|---|
| USE | flute casts |
| casts, groove | |
|---|---|
| USE | groove casts |
| casts, load | |
|---|---|
| USE | load casts |
| Caswell County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Caswell County North Carolina | |
| cataclasis | |
|---|---|
| RT | brittle deformation |
| deformation | |
| metamorphism | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| cataclasites | |
|---|---|
| BT | metamorphic rocks |
| .cataclasites | |
| catagenesis | |
|---|---|
| UF | katagenesis |
| RT | sedimentary rocks |
| Catahoula Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Cenozoic | |
| ...Tertiary | |
| ....Catahoula Formation | |
| RT | Oligocene |
| Miocene | |
| Louisiana | |
| Mississippi | |
| Texas | |
| Alabama | |
| SN | Louisiana, Mississippi, S Alabama and E Texas. Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| Catahoula Parish Louisiana | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Louisiana | |
| ..Catahoula Parish Louisiana | |
| Catalina Schist | |
|---|---|
| RT | California |
| Mesozoic | |
| Paleozoic | |
| SN | S California. Mesozoic or older. Indexed with age as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| catalogs | |
|---|---|
| RT | Arabic |
| associations | |
| atlas | |
| bibliography | |
| book reviews | |
| collections | |
| education | |
| English | |
| exhibits | |
| French | |
| geology | |
| German | |
| glossaries | |
| inventory | |
| lexicons | |
| libraries | |
| maps | |
| mineralogy | |
| monographs | |
| museums | |
| oceanography | |
| paleobotany | |
| paleontology | |
| petrology | |
| publications | |
| Russia | |
| SN | Indexed with language if not English. |
| Catalonia Spain | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Catalonia Spain | |
| NT | Barcelona Spain |
| Gerona Spain | |
| Lerida Spain | |
| Llobregat River basin | |
| Tarragona Spain | |
| RT | Ter River basin |
| Catalonian Coastal Ranges | |
| SN | Historical region and autonomous community in NE Spain. Indexed with provinces as applicable. |
| Catalonian Coastal Ranges | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Iberian Peninsula | |
| ...Spain | |
| ....Catalonian Coastal Ranges | |
| RT | Catalonia Spain |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| catalysis | |
|---|---|
| RT | chemical analysis |
| geochemistry | |
| Catamarca Argentina | |
|---|---|
| BT | South America |
| .Argentina | |
| ..Catamarca Argentina | |
| RT | Pampean Mountains |
| SN | Province including its capital, NW Argentina. |
| Catanda Angola | |
|---|---|
| BT | Africa |
| .Central Africa | |
| ..Angola | |
| ...Catanda Angola | |
| SN | Village in E Angola. |
| Catanzaro Italy | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Italy | |
| ...Calabria Italy | |
| ....Catanzaro Italy | |
| SN | Province and city in central Calabria. |
| cataphoresis | |
|---|---|
| USE | electrophoresis |
| catastrophes | |
|---|---|
| RT | damage |
| destruction | |
| geologic hazards | |
| mass extinctions | |
| catastrophic | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1977. |
| catastrophic advance | |
|---|---|
| USE | glacier surges |
| catastrophic waves | |
|---|---|
| BT | ocean waves |
| .catastrophic waves | |
| RT | waves |
| tsunamis | |
| SN | Before 1978, also search catastrophic AND ocean waves. |
| catastrophism | |
|---|---|
| RT | biologic evolution |
| creationism | |
| uniformitarianism | |
| Catawba County North Carolina | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Carolina | |
| ..Catawba County North Carolina | |
| catazonal metamorphism | |
|---|---|
| BT | metamorphism |
| .catazonal metamorphism | |
| UF | katazonal metamorphism |
| RT | high-grade metamorphism |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1982. |
| catchment hydrodynamics | |
|---|---|
| RT | drainage basins |
| ground water | |
| hydrodynamics | |
| hydrology | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| catchments | |
|---|---|
| USE | drainage basins |
| catenas | |
|---|---|
| RT | craters |
| soils | |
| toposequences | |
| SN | Soil association of a given area developed from common parent material. |
| Cathaysia | |
|---|---|
| RT | Asia |
| China | |
| continental drift | |
| Gondwana | |
| Indochina | |
| Malaysia | |
| paleogeography | |
| SN | Paleozoic-?Triassic landmass which included SE China, Indochina, and SE Asian islands. Indexed with countries and continents as applicable. |
| cathodoluminescence | |
|---|---|
| RT | luminescence |
| cation exchange | |
|---|---|
| SN | A valid term through 1978. After 1978, use ion exchange or cation exchange capacity. |
| cation exchange capacity | |
|---|---|
| RT | clay mineralogy |
| geochemistry | |
| ion exchange | |
| ions | |
| SN | Also search cation exchange. |
| cation-ratio dating | |
|---|---|
| RT | exposure age |
| geochronology | |
| relative age | |
| rock varnish | |
| SN | Use of K+Ca/Ti ratio for rock varnish dating. Before 1995, also search cations and (ratios or isotope ratios) and geochronology. Also index exposure age if applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1995. |
| cations | |
|---|---|
| RT | anions |
| geochemistry | |
| ions | |
| SN | Term reintroduced in 1981. Previously valid through May 1978. Also search ions. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Catoche Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Ordovician | |
| ....Catoche Formation | |
| RT | Newfoundland Island |
| SN | W Newfoundland. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Catoctin Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Precambrian | |
| ..Catoctin Formation | |
| RT | Virginia |
| Maryland | |
| West Virginia | |
| SN | Divided into Warrenton Agglomerate Member at base and basalt flows now altered to metabasalt or greenstone schist. W Maryland, N Virginia, and NE West Virginia. |
| Catoosa County Georgia | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Georgia | |
| ..Catoosa County Georgia | |
| Catron County New Mexico | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New Mexico | |
| ..Catron County New Mexico | |
| NT | Mogollon Mountains |
| RT | San Francisco Mountains |
| SN | On Arizona border in W New Mexico. |
| Catskill Delta | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .Catskill Delta | |
| RT | Pennsylvania |
| New York | |
| Maryland | |
| West Virginia | |
| SN | Devonian age complex. Indexed with states as applicable. |
| Catskill Format |
|---|
| Catskill Formation | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Catskill Formation | |
| RT | Devonian |
| Virginia | |
| Pennsylvania | |
| New York | |
| Maryland | |
| Lower Mississippian | |
| SN | Middle Devonian to Lower Mississippian. In Susquehanna Group. Indexed with ages as applicable. |
| Catskill Mountains | |
|---|---|
| BT | North America |
| .Appalachians | |
| ..Catskill Mountains | |
| BT | United States |
| .New York | |
| ..Catskill Mountains | |
| RT | Appalachian Plateau |
| SN | Group of the Appalachians in SE New York. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Cattaraugus County New York | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New York | |
| ..Cattaraugus County New York | |
| NT | West Valley New York |
| SN | SW New York. |
| cattierite | |
|---|---|
| BT | sulfides |
| .cattierite | |
| Caucasian Foreland | |
|---|---|
| USE | Caucasus Foreland |
| Caucasus | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Caucasus | |
| NT | Greater Caucasus |
| Lesser Caucasus | |
| Northern Caucasus | |
| UF | Caucasus Mountains |
| RT | Russian Federation |
| Georgian Republic | |
| Armenia | |
| Azerbaijan | |
| Transcaucasia | |
| Elbrus | |
| Filizchay | |
| Ossetia | |
| SN | Mountain system between the Black and Caspian seas. Indexed with Greater Caucasus, Lesser Caucasus, Northern Caucasus, and former Soviet republics as applicable. |
| Caucasus Foreland | |
|---|---|
| BT | Commonwealth of Independent States |
| .Russian Federation | |
| ..Caucasus Foreland | |
| BT | Europe |
| .Caucasus Foreland | |
| UF | Caucasian Foreland |
| RT | Kuban |
| Northern Caucasus | |
| SN | The Northern Caucasus (Ciscaucasia area) which includes the northern slopes and foothills of the Caucasus plus the Kuban steppes to the north. This term has multiple hierarchies. |
| Caucasus Mountains | |
|---|---|
| USE | Caucasus |
| Caudata | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Amphibia | |
| ....Lissamphibia | |
| .....Caudata | |
| NT | Urodela |
| SN | Superorder. |
| cauldrons | |
|---|---|
| BT | volcanic features |
| .cauldrons | |
| RT | volcanism |
| geomorphology | |
| volcanology | |
| calderas | |
| crater lakes | |
| resurgence | |
| causes | |
|---|---|
| RT | geology |
| Causses | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Causses | |
| UF | South Massif |
| RT | Central Massif |
| SN | An arid Jurassic limestone plateau of S Central Massif in S and SW France. |
| caustobiolith | |
|---|---|
| BT | sedimentary rocks |
| .caustobiolith | |
| UF | caustobioliths |
| RT | organic compounds |
| caustobioliths | |
|---|---|
| USE | caustobiolith |
| Cauvery Basin | |
|---|---|
| BT | Asia |
| .Indian Peninsula | |
| ..India | |
| ...Cauvery Basin | |
| UF | Kaveri Basin |
| RT | Tamil Nadu India |
| Karnataka India | |
| SN | River basin in S Karnataka and Tamil Nadu, S India. Indexed with states as applicable. |
| Caux | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Western Europe | |
| ..France | |
| ...Seine-Maritime France | |
| ....Caux | |
| SN | Chalky tableland in N France. |
| Cavalier County North Dakota | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .North Dakota | |
| ..Cavalier County North Dakota | |
| cave ecology | |
|---|---|
| USE | cave environment |
| cave environment | |
|---|---|
| BT | terrestrial environment |
| .cave environment | |
| UF | cave ecology |
| RT | sedimentation |
| ecology | |
| paleoecology | |
| depositional environment | |
| subaerial environment | |
| solution features | |
| caves | |
| speleology | |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1985. |
| cave maps | |
|---|---|
| BT | maps |
| .cave maps | |
| RT | caves |
| caverns | |
| SN | Before 1981, also search caves AND maps. Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Cavellinidae | |
|---|---|
| BT | Invertebrata |
| .Arthropoda | |
| ..Mandibulata | |
| ...Crustacea | |
| ....Ostracoda | |
| .....Podocopida | |
| ......Cavellinidae | |
| RT | microfossils |
| Healdiidae | |
| SN | Indexed with microfossils if applicable. |
| caverns | |
|---|---|
| RT | cave maps |
| caves | |
| geomorphology | |
| shore features | |
| solution features | |
| stalactites | |
| stalagmites | |
| underground cavities | |
| underground streams | |
| volcanic features | |
| SN | Indexed with solution features as applicable. |
| Caviomorpha | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chordata |
| .Vertebrata | |
| ..Tetrapoda | |
| ...Mammalia | |
| ....Theria | |
| .....Eutheria | |
| ......Rodentia | |
| .......Caviomorpha | |
| cavities | |
|---|---|
| SN | Used as a general term through 1978. After 1978, see specific terms, e.g. underground space or solution cavities. |
| cavities, solution | |
|---|---|
| USE | solution cavities |
| Cavnic Romania | |
|---|---|
| BT | Europe |
| .Southern Europe | |
| ..Romania | |
| ...Transylvania | |
| ....Maramures Romania | |
| .....Cavnic Romania | |
| UF | Capnic Romania |
| SN | Village in Maramures County in N Transylvania. |
| Cayman Islands | |
|---|---|
| BT | Caribbean region |
| .West Indies | |
| ..Cayman Islands | |
| NT | Grand Cayman Island |
| RT | Bluff Formation |
| SN | Added to Thesaurus in 1981. |
| Cayman Trench | |
|---|---|
| USE | Cayman Trough |
| Cayman Trough | |
|---|---|
| BT | Atlantic Ocean |
| .North Atlantic | |
| ..Caribbean Sea | |
| ...Cayman Trough | |
| UF | Cayman Trench |
| SN | South of the Cayman Islands and Cuba. |
| Caytoniales | |
|---|---|
| BT | Plantae |
| .Spermatophyta | |
| ..Gymnospermae | |
| ...Caytoniales | |
| NT | Pachypteris |
| Cayuga County New York | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New York | |
| ..Cayuga County New York | |
| RT | Cayuga Lake |
| SN | Central New York. |
| Cayuga Lake | |
|---|---|
| BT | United States |
| .New York | |
| ..Finger Lakes | |
| ...Cayuga Lake | |
| RT | Cayuga County New York |
| Seneca County New York | |
| Tompkins County New York | |
| SN | One of the Finger Lakes in Cayuga, Seneca and Tompkins counties, W central New York. Indexed with counties as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989. |
| Cayugan | |
|---|---|
| BT | Chronostratigraphic Units |
| .Phanerozoic | |
| ..Paleozoic | |
| ...Silurian | |
| ....Upper Silurian | |
| .....Cayugan | |
| NT | Tonoloway Limestone |
| Williamsport Sandstone | |
| RT | Keyser Limestone |
| SN | Provincial series, North America. Above Niagaran, below Ulsterian (Devonian). |