Ce  search
USEcerium
Ceara Brazil  search
BTSouth America
 .Brazil
 ..Ceara Brazil
NTJaguaribe Brazil
 Jaguaribe River
RTAraripe Basin
SNState in NE Brazil.
Cebu Philippine Islands  search
BTAsia
 .Far East
 ..Philippine Islands
 ...Cebu Philippine Islands
SNProvince, city and island in Visayan Islands in E central Philippine Islands.
Cechy Republic  search
USECzech Republic
Cecil County Maryland  search
BTUnited States
 .Maryland
 ..Cecil County Maryland
Cedar City Formation  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Phanerozoic
 ..Paleozoic
 ...Devonian
 ....Cedar City Formation
RTMissouri
Cedar County Iowa  search
BTUnited States
 .Iowa
 ..Cedar County Iowa
Cedar County Missouri  search
BTUnited States
 .Missouri
 ..Cedar County Missouri
Cedar County Nebraska  search
BTUnited States
 .Nebraska
 ..Cedar County Nebraska
Cedar Creek Anticline  search
BTUnited States
 .Cedar Creek Anticline
RTMontana
 North Dakota
 South Dakota
 Williston Basin
SNE Montana, W North Dakota and W South Dakota. Indexed with states as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.
Cedar Hill Field  search
RTcoalbed methane
 oil and gas fields
 San Juan Basin
 San Juan County New Mexico
SNCoalbed methane, San Juan County, NW New Mexico. Also may occur in other locations. Indexed with San Juan County New Mexico if applicable.
Cedar Mountain Formation  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Phanerozoic
 ..Mesozoic
 ...Cretaceous
 ....Lower Cretaceous
 .....Cedar Mountain Formation
RTUtah
 Colorado
SNTogether with Buckhorn Conglomerate comprises Cedar Mountain Group. NW Colorado and central Utah.
Cedar Valley Formation  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Phanerozoic
 ..Paleozoic
 ...Devonian
 ....Middle Devonian
 .....Cedar Valley Formation
RTIowa
 Illinois
 Minnesota
SNIncludes Linwood, Littleton, Coralville, Solon and Rapid members. E Iowa, SW Illinois, and SE Minnesota.
celadonite  search
BTsilicates
 .sheet silicates
 ..mica group
 ...celadonite
RTglauconite
Celebes  search
BTAsia
 .Far East
 ..Indonesia
 ...Celebes
UFSulawesi
RTCelebes Sea
SNIsland E of Borneo. Sulawesi is the official Indonesian name.
Celebes Sea  search
BTPacific Ocean
 .West Pacific
 ..Indonesian Seas
 ...Celebes Sea
BTPacific Ocean
 .North Pacific
 ..Northwest Pacific
 ...Celebes Sea
RTMalay Archipelago
 Celebes
 Darvel Bay
 Leg 124
 ODP Site 767
 ODP Site 770
SNBounded on N by Philippine Islands, W by Borneo, and S by island of Celebes. Before 1978, also search Celebes. This term has multiple hierarchies.
celestine  search
BTsulfates
 .celestine
UFcelestite
RTstrontium ores
SNBefore 1995, also search celestite.
celestite  search
USEcelestine
Celje Slovenia  search
BTEurope
 .Southern Europe
 ..Slovenia
 ...Celje Slovenia
UFCelje Yugoslavia
SNTown and administrative region NE Slovenia. Before 1993, Celje Yugoslavia was also used.
Celje Yugoslavia  search
USECelje Slovenia
cell dimensions  search
RTbonding
 crystal structure
 dimensions
 lattice
 lattice parameters
 minerals
cell, unit  search
USEunit cell
cellulose  search
BTorganic compounds
 .carbohydrates
 ..polysaccharides
 ...cellulose
RTlignin
celsian  search
BTsilicates
 .framework silicates
 ..feldspar group
 ...barium feldspar
 ....celsian
RTparacelsian
Celtic Sea  search
BTAtlantic Ocean
 .North Atlantic
 ..Celtic Sea
RTEnglish Channel
SNBody of water over the continental shelf between the S coast of Ireland and Brittany. It is arbitrarily divided from the English Channel by a line from Land's End to Ushant Island off Brittany.
cement  search
RTcement materials
 cementation
 cementation deposits
 sedimentary rocks
 sediments
SNTerm restricted to use as the material. Use cementation for the process.
cement materials  search
BTconstruction materials
 .cement materials
RTmaterials
 weathering
 conservation
 limestone deposits
 cement
 concrete
SNIncludes use both as a commodity term and an engineering material. See List C for use as a commodity.
cementation  search
BTdiagenesis
 .cementation
RTsedimentation
 deposition
 clastic sediments
 cement
 cementation deposits
 consolidation
 lithification
cementation deposits  search
RTcement
 cementation
 mineral deposits, genesis
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1981.
Cenari Zone  search
USECeneri Zone
Ceneri Zone  search
BTEurope
 .Ceneri Zone
UFCenari Zone
RTPaleozoic
 Switzerland
 Italy
SNIn European Southern Alps. Indexed with countries as applicable.
Cenomanian  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Phanerozoic
 ..Mesozoic
 ...Cretaceous
 ....Upper Cretaceous
 .....Cenomanian
NTDunvegan Formation
 lower Cenomanian
 upper Cenomanian
RTMiddle Cretaceous
SNEurope. Above Albian, below Turonian.
Cenozoic  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Phanerozoic
 ..Cenozoic
NTPaleogene
 Neogene
 Quarternary
 Blancan
 Bronze Age
 Caloosahatchee Formation
 Chalcolithic
 Croatan Formation
 Glenns Ferry Formation
 Iron Age
 Kobiwako Group
 Koobi Fora Formation
 Leda Clay
 Loup Fork Group
 lower Cenozoic
 middle Cenozoic
 Omo Group
 Osaka Group
 Quaternary
 Santa Fe Group
 Saugus Formation
 Shungura Formation
 Siwalik System
 Stone Age
 Tertiary
 Tulare Formation
 Uonuma Group
 upper Cenozoic
 Verde Formation
 Wildcat Group
 Yakataga Formation
UFCainozoic
RTPhanerozoic
 Alpine Orogeny
 Himalayan Orogeny
 Santa Clara Formation
 Santa Maria Formation
centers, color  search
USEcolor centers
centers, spreading  search
USEspreading centers
Central Africa  search
BTAfrica
 .Central Africa
NTAngola
 Burundi
 Central African Republic
 Congo
 Congo Democratic Republic
 Congo River
 Equatorial Guinea
 Gabon
 Lake Kivu
 Rwanda
RTWest Africa
 North Africa
 Southern Africa
 East Africa
SNBefore 1978, search Africa AND central.
Central African Republic  search
BTAfrica
 .Central Africa
 ..Central African Republic
UFOubangui-Chari
 Ubangi-Shari
RTCongo Basin
SNFormerly French territory of Ubangi-Shari. Became independent in 1960. Before 1959, also known as Oubangui-Chari.
Central Alps  search
BTEurope
 .Alps
 ..Central Alps
NTBavarian Alps
 Bernese Alps
 Glarus Alps
 Lepontine Alps
 Pennine Alps
 Rhaetian Alps
RTSwitzerland
 Italy
 Austria
 Germany
SNRanges of the Alps extending from the Great Saint Bernard Pass in the W to Innsbruck and the Brenner Pass in the E. Indexed with countries as applicable.
Central America  search
NTBelize
 Chortis Block
 Costa Rica
 El Salvador
 Guatemala
 Honduras
 Nicaragua
 Panama
 Panama Canal Zone
RTAmerica
 Caribbean region
 Latin America
 Pacific Coast
SNIndexed with countries as applicable.
Central Andes  search
BTSouth America
 .Andes
 ..Central Andes
RTPuna
 Northern Andes
 Southern Andes
SNBefore 1978, also search Andes AND central.
Central Appalachians  search
BTNorth America
 .Appalachians
 ..Central Appalachians
RTSouthern Appalachians
 Northern Appalachians
 Reading Prong
SNBefore 1978, also search Appalachians AND central.
Central Asia  search
BTAsia
 .Central Asia
NTAral region
 Aral Sea
 Barsakelmes
 Caspian Depression
 Fergana Basin
 Karamazar
 Kazakhstan
 Kyzylkum
 Pamirs
 Turgay Basin
 Ustyurt
 Zeravshan River
UFSoviet Central Asia
RTTajikistan
 Turkestan
 Tien Shan
 Kyrgyzstan
 Uzbekistan
 China
 Xinjiang China
 Turkmenia
 Siberia
 Cimmerian Orogeny
 Xizang China
 Ishim River
 Turanian Platform
SNIncludes region formerly known as Soviet Central Asia. Indexed with countries and/or Chinese provinces as applicable.
Central Atlantic Coastal Plain  search
BTUnited States
 .Atlantic Coastal Plain
 ..Central Atlantic Coastal Plain
SNRestricted to the eastern U.S. Before 1981, also search Atlantic Coastal Plain AND Central. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Austrian Alps  search
BTEurope
 .Alps
 ..Central Austrian Alps
BTEurope
 .Central Europe
 ..Austria
 ...Central Austrian Alps
SNThis term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Basin  search
RTTennessee
SNCentral Tennessee. Also in other areas. Indexed with county or state as applicable.
Central Basin Platform  search
BTUnited States
 .Central Basin Platform
RTNew Mexico
 Texas
 Andrews County Texas
 Gaines County Texas
 Permian Basin
 Crane County Texas
 Ector County Texas
 Lea County New Mexico
 Pecos County Texas
 Ward County Texas
 Winkler County Texas
SNIn Permian Basin, West Texas and SE New Mexico. Indexed with counties or regions as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
Central Bohemian Pluton  search
BTEurope
 .Central Europe
 ..Czech Republic
 ...Bohemia
 ....Central Bohemian Pluton
RTBohemian Massif
SNPart of the Bohemian Massif in central Bohemia.
Central Bulgaria  search
BTEurope
 .Southern Europe
 ..Bulgaria
 ...Central Bulgaria
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central California  search
BTUnited States
 .California
 ..Central California
RTShoo Fly Complex
SNBefore 1981, also search California AND Central. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
central Chile earthquake 1985  search
USEChile earthquake 1985
Central Cordillera  search
UFCordillera Central
RTSpain
 Costa Rica
 Portugal
 Andes
 Bolivia
 Peru
 Colombia
 Puerto Rico
 Philippine Islands
 Dominican Republic
 Guatemala
SNCentral range in a number of Spanish-speaking countries including some in South America (Andes), Central America, the Caribbean region, Philippine Islands, and the Iberian Peninsula. Search in combination with country or region. Indexed with country and o
Central Europe  search
BTEurope
 .Central Europe
NTAllgau Alps
 Austria
 Bavarian Alps
 Beskid Mountains
 Black Forest
 Bohemian Massif
 Choc Nappe
 Czech Republic
 Erzgebirge
 Fichtelgebirge
 Germany
 Hungary
 Inn Valley
 Lake Constance
 Lake Neusiedler
 Liechtenstein
 Molasse Basin
 North Sudetic Basin
 Northern Limestone Alps
 Poland
 Pomerania
 Rhine Graben
 Salzach River
 Silesia
 Slovakia
 Slovakian Pannonian Basin
 Spis
 Sudeten Mountains
 Sudetic Basin
 Switzerland
 Tatra Mountains
 Vienna Basin
 Weisse Elster Basin
RTTornquist-Teisseyre Zone
Central Florida  search
BTUnited States
 .Florida
 ..Central Florida
SNBefore 1981, also search Florida AND Central. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Gneiss Belt  search
BTNorth America
 .Canadian Shield
 ..Grenville Province
 ...Central Gneiss Belt
RTOntario
 Quebec
 Eastern Canada
 Central Metasedimentary Belt
SNGrenville Province, E Canada. Indexed with provinces as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
Central Graben  search
RTGermany
 Netherlands
 North Sea
 Scotland
SNExtends from Viking Graben in N North Sea onshore to Netherlands and NW Germany. Indexed with North Sea and/or countries as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
central granite  search
USEbatholiths
Central Greece  search
USESterea Ellas
Central Indian Ridge  search
BTIndian Ocean
 .Mid-Indian Ridge
 ..Central Indian Ridge
RTmid-ocean ridges
 Rodriguez triple junction
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Kazakhstan  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Kazakhstan
 ..Central Kazakhstan
SNThis term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Massif  search
BTEurope
 .Western Europe
 ..France
 ...Central Massif
NTCantal Massif
 Millevaches Plateau
 Montagne Noire
 Morvan
 Sidobre Massif
UFMassif Central
RTBeauvoir Granite
 Aveyron France
 Cantal France
 Causses
 Haute-Loire France
 Velay
SNAn old, eroded plateau region in S central France. As of 1993, a restricted term. Indexed with departments as applicable.
Central Metasedimentary Belt  search
BTNorth America
 .Canadian Shield
 ..Grenville Province
 ...Central Metasedimentary Belt
RTOntario
 Quebec
 Eastern Canada
 Elzevir Terrane
 Central Gneiss Belt
SNSE Ontario and SW Quebec. Indexed with provinces as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
Central Pacific  search
BTPacific Ocean
 .Central Pacific
RTDSDP Site 168
 DSDP Site 45
 Resolution Seamount
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Polish Glaciation  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Phanerozoic
 ..Cenozoic
 ...Quarternary
 ....Pleistocene
 .....Central Polish Glaciation
RTPoland
 Elsterian
 Saalian
SNThe Elster and Saale stages of glaciation both of which covered central Poland. They were respectively the oldest and the middle stage of 3 stages which covered northern Europe.
Central Rand Group  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Precambrian
 ..Central Rand Group
RTSouth Africa
 Witwatersrand Supergroup
SNPrecambrian. In South Africa. In Witwatersrand Supergroup. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
Central Range  search
SNNot a valid term for GeoRef. As of 1989, use Taiwanese Central Range for mountain range in Taiwan. Also see Central Cordillera or country.
Central region Scotland  search
BTEurope
 .Western Europe
 ..United Kingdom
 ...Great Britain
 ....Scotland
 .....Central region Scotland
RTPerthshire Scotland
 Loch Lomond
 Forth Valley
SNAdministrative region in central Scotland formed in 1975 from Stirlingshire, and parts of West Lothian County and Perthshire. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
Central Rocky Mountains  search
BTNorth America
 .Rocky Mountains
 ..Central Rocky Mountains
RTU. S. Rocky Mountains
 Northern Rocky Mountains
 Southern Rocky Mountains
SNBefore 1978, also search Rocky Mountains AND central.
Central Siberian Plateau  search
USESiberian Platform
Central Swiss Alps  search
BTEurope
 .Central Europe
 ..Switzerland
 ...Swiss Alps
 ....Central Swiss Alps
SNThis term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Transdanubia  search
BTngary
 .Transdanubia
 ..Central Transdanubia
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Urals  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Central Urals
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Urals
 ..Central Urals
NTIlmen Mountains
RTSverdlovsk Russian Federation
SNThis term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
Central Valley  search
RTCalifornia
 Chile
 Sacramento Valley
 San Joaquin Valley
SNValley of Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers in California, and a 600 mile long valley between the Andes and the Coastal Range in central Chile. Before 1978, also search Great Valley for the valley in California. Indexed with California and/or Chile as app
centrallasite  search
USEgyrolite
Centre County Pennsylvania  search
BTUnited States
 .Pennsylvania
 ..Centre County Pennsylvania
RTNittany Valley
SNCentral Pennsylvania.
Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques  search
USECRPG
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique  search
USECNRS
centrifuge methods  search
RTchemical analysis
 geochemistry
 methods
 physical methods
 sample preparation
SNBefore 1993, also search centrifuge or centrifugal. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
centrum (seismology)  search
USEfocus
Cephalodiscida  search
BTPterobranchia
 .Cephalodiscida
RTInvertebrata
 Hemichordata
SNIndexed with Hemichordata or Invertebrata as applicable.
Cephalonia  search
BTEurope
 .Southern Europe
 ..Greece
 ...Greek Ionian Islands
 ....Cephalonia
UFKefallinia
SNIsland in center of Ionian Islands in Ionian Sea W of Greek mainland. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Cephalopoda  search
BTInvertebrata
 .Mollusca
 ..Cephalopoda
NTDibranchiata
 Tetrabranchiata
SNClass.
ceramic materials  search
RTandalusite deposits
 baddeleyite
 carborundum
 clay mineralogy
 enamel
 glass materials
 kyanite deposits
 materials
 ornamental materials
 refractory materials
 sillimanite deposits
 spodumene
Ceratites  search
BTInvertebrata
 .Mollusca
 ..Cephalopoda
 ...Tetrabranchiata
 ....Ammonoidea
 .....Ceratitida
 ......Ceratites
RTAmmonites
SNGenus.
Ceratitida  search
BTInvertebrata
 .Mollusca
 ..Cephalopoda
 ...Tetrabranchiata
 ....Ammonoidea
 .....Ceratitida
NTCeratites
Ceratolithus  search
BTPlantae
 .algae
 ..Coccolithophoraceae
 ...Ceratolithus
RTmicrofossils
SNIndexed with microfossils if applicable.
Ceratomorpha  search
BTChordata
 .Vertebrata
 ..Tetrapoda
 ...Mammalia
 ....Theria
 .....Eutheria
 ......Perissodactyla
 .......Ceratomorpha
NTRhinocerotidae
SNSuborder.
Ceratopsia  search
BTChordata
 .Vertebrata
 ..Tetrapoda
 ...Reptilia
 ....Diapsida
 .....Archosauria
 ......Ornithischia
 .......Ceratopsia
NTCeratopsidae
SNSuborder. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Ceratopsidae  search
BTChordata
 .Vertebrata
 ..Tetrapoda
 ...Reptilia
 ....Diapsida
 .....Archosauria
 ......Ornithischia
 .......Ceratopsia
 ........Ceratopsidae
NTTriceratops
SNFamily. This term has multiple hierarchies.
CERCLA  search
USESuperfund
Cercopithecidae  search
BTChordata
 .Vertebrata
 ..Tetrapoda
 ...Mammalia
 ....Theria
 .....Eutheria
 ......Primates
 .......simians
 ........Cercopithecidae
UFCynomorpha
SNFamily? Commonly referred to as the Old World monkeys.
Ceriantipatharia  search
BTInvertebrata
 .Coelenterata
 ..Anthozoa
 ...Ceriantipatharia
Cerithiidae  search
BTInvertebrata
 .Mollusca
 ..Gastropoda
 ...Mesogastropoda
 ....Cerithiidae
NTCerithium
Cerithium  search
BTInvertebrata
 .Mollusca
 ..Gastropoda
 ...Mesogastropoda
 ....Cerithiidae
 .....Cerithium
cerium  search
BTmetals
 .rare earths
 ..cerium
UFCe
RTlithophile elements
 cerium ores
 lanthanum
SNChemical element. As of 1982, use cerium ores for cerium as a commodity.
cerium ores  search
BTmetal ores
 .rare earth deposits
 ..cerium ores
RTcerium
 monazite deposits
SNBefore 1982, also search cerium AND (deposit OR deposits OR ore OR ores OR economic) in the basic index.
cerolite  search
BTsilicates
 .sheet silicates
 ..cerolite
UFkerolite
RTserpentine
 stevensite
 talc
SNDiscredited as a mineral. Considered by some to be a mixture of stevensite and serpentine, by others, a variety of talc.
Cerozem  search
USESierozems
Cerro de Pasco Peru  search
BTSouth America
 .Peru
 ..Cerro de Pasco Peru
SNTown in Pasco Department, central Peru.
Cerro del Hoyazo Spain  search
BTEurope
 .Southern Europe
 ..Iberian Peninsula
 ...Spain
 ....Andalusia Spain
 .....Almeria Spain
 ......Cerro del Hoyazo Spain
SNIn the Sierra Alhamilla area in SE Spain. Also search Hoyazo.
Cerro Gordo County Iowa  search
BTUnited States
 .Iowa
 ..Cerro Gordo County Iowa
Cerro Negro  search
RTNicaragua
 Orinoco Belt
 Venezuela
 volcanoes
SNVolcano. N12#DG30' W86#DG42', NW Nicaragua. Also used for a region with an oil sands deposit in Orinoco River basin, E Venezuela. After 1992, use Cerro Negro Venezuela for the town. May occur in other locations. Search in combination with country or state
Cerro Prieto  search
BTMexico
 .Baja California Norte Mexico
 ..Cerro Prieto
UFCerro Prieto Field
RTBaja California
 geothermal fields
 Cerro Prieto Fault
SNGeothermal area near Mexicali in N Baja California state.
Cerro Prieto Fault  search
BTNorth America
 .Cerro Prieto Fault
RTMexico
 Baja California
 California
 Cerro Prieto
SNS California and Baja California. Indexed with California and/or Mexico as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.
Cerro Prieto Field  search
USECerro Prieto
cerussite  search
BTcarbonates
 .cerussite
Cervidae  search
BTChordata
 .Vertebrata
 ..Tetrapoda
 ...Mammalia
 ....Theria
 .....Eutheria
 ......Artiodactyla
 .......Ruminantia
 ........Cervidae
NTCervus
 Rangifer
SNFamily.
Cervus  search
BTChordata
 .Vertebrata
 ..Tetrapoda
 ...Mammalia
 ....Theria
 .....Eutheria
 ......Artiodactyla
 .......Ruminantia
 ........Cervidae
 .........Cervus
NTCervus elaphus
SNGenus.
Cervus elaphus  search
BTChordata
 .Vertebrata
 ..Tetrapoda
 ...Mammalia
 ....Theria
 .....Eutheria
 ......Artiodactyla
 .......Ruminantia
 ........Cervidae
 .........Cervus
 ..........Cervus elaphus
SNSpecies.
CESAR  search
UFCanadian Expedition to Study the Alpha Ridge
RTAlpha Cordillera
 Arctic Ocean
 expeditions
SNAcronym. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.
cesium  search
BTmetals
 .alkali metals
 ..cesium
NTCs-134
 Cs-137
UFcaesium
 Cs
Cetacea  search
BTChordata
 .Vertebrata
 ..Tetrapoda
 ...Mammalia
 ....Theria
 .....Eutheria
 ......Cetacea
NTArchaeoceti
 Odontoceti
SNOrder.
Cete France  search
USESete France
Ceuta  search
BTAfrica
 .North Africa
 ..Ceuta
RTSpain
 Morocco
 Cadiz Spain
 Melilla
 Strait of Gibraltar
SNSeaport and Spanish military installation bordering the E part of the Strait of Gibraltar in N Morocco. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
Cevennes  search
BTEurope
 .Western Europe
 ..France
 ...Cevennes
NTAigoual Massif
RTGard France
 Ardeche France
 Herault France
SNMountain range in S France.
Ceylon  search
USESri Lanka