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Thesaurus

Sc
USE	scandium

Scabland (Columbia Plateau)
USE	Channeled Scabland

Scaglia Formation
RT	Apennines
	Cretaceous
	Eocene
	Italy
	K-T boundary
	Paleocene
SN	Cretaceous to Eocene. In the Apennines and NE Italy. Indexed with ages as applicable.

scale factor
RT	cartographic scales
	factors
	magnitude
	power law
	scale models
	self-organization
	self-similarity
	size
	time scales
SN	Factor by which reading of instrument or solution of problem should be multiplied to give true final value when a corresponding scale factor is used initially to bring the magnitude within the range of the instrument or computer. Not for use with cartogra

scale models
RT	laboratory studies
	models
	power law
	sandbox models
	scale factor
	self-similarity
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1982.

scales
SN	Not a valid term for GeoRef. As of 1995, also see cartographic scales, fish scales, time scales, scale factor or scale models. Or use other specific type.

scales, cartographic
USE	cartographic scales

scales, fish
USE	fish scales

scales, time
USE	time scales

scaling
SN	Deposits. Use scale factor or scale models if applicable.

Scandentia
BT	Chordata
	.Vertebrata
	..Tetrapoda
	...Mammalia
	....Theria
	.....Eutheria
	......Insectivora
	.......Proteutheria
	........Scandentia

Scandian Orogeny
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Silurian
	....Scandian Orogeny
RT	orogeny
	Greenland
	Scandinavia
	Caledonian Orogeny
	East Greenland
SN	Scandinavia and E Greenland. Added to Thesaurus in 1998.

Scandinavia
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..Scandinavia
NT	Denmark
	Finland
	Koli Nappe
	Norway
	Sulitjelma
	Sweden
	Western Gneiss region
RT	NORESS
	NORSAR
	Baltic ice lake
	Baltica
	Caledonian Orogeny
	Caledonides
	Scandian Orogeny
	Tornquist-Teisseyre Zone
	Karelian Orogeny
SN	Region comprising Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland. Iceland sometimes included. Indexed with countries as applicable.

scandium
BT	metals
	.rare earths
	..scandium
UF	Sc

Scania
USE	Skane

scanning
SN	Use scanning electron microscopy or SEM data if applicable.

scanning electron microscopy
RT	chemical analysis
	electron microscopy
	SEM data
	TEM data
	transmission electron microscopy
SN	For the method. Before 1993, also search (scanning OR scanning method) AND electron microscopy. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.

scanning electron microscopy data
USE	SEM data

scanning method
SN	No longer a valid term for GeoRef. See scanning electron microscopy for the method or SEM data as applicable.

scanning tunneling microscopy
BT	electron microscopy
	.scanning tunneling microscopy
RT	chemical analysis
	analysis
	atomic force microscopy
SN	Use for the method only. Added to Thesaurus in 1995.

Scaphites
BT	Invertebrata
	.Mollusca
	..Cephalopoda
	...Tetrabranchiata
	....Ammonoidea
	.....Scaphites
SN	Genus.

Scaphopoda
BT	Invertebrata
	.Mollusca
	..Scaphopoda
NT	Dentalium

scapolite
BT	silicates
	.framework silicates
	..scapolite group
	...scapolite
RT	scapolitization

scapolite group
BT	silicates
	.framework silicates
	..scapolite group
NT	kenyaite
	magadiite
	meionite
	scapolite

scapolitization
BT	metasomatism
	.scapolitization
RT	processes
	alteration
	scapolite
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Scarborough Formation
RT	England
	Middle Jurassic
	Ontario
	Upper Pleistocene
SN	Wisconsinan (upper Pleistocene) of Toronto, Ontario. Also a Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) formation of England. Indexed with ages as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

scarps
UF	escarpments
RT	faults
	geomorphology
	erosion features
	cliffs
	slopes
	cuestas
	fault scarps

scattering
SN	No longer a valid term for GeoRef. See wave dispersion.

scavenging
SN	See geochemistry or processes for the chemical process. (Note added 1995.)

scawtite
BT	silicates
	.chain silicates
	..scawtite

Schaffhausen Switzerland
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Switzerland
	...Schaffhausen Switzerland
SN	Northernmost canton. Also a city in N central Switzerland.

schapbachite
USE	matildite

schapbacite
USE	matildite

scheelite
BT	tungstates
	.scheelite
RT	tungsten ores

Schefferville Quebec
BT	Canada
	.Eastern Canada
	..Quebec
	...Saguenay County Quebec
	....Schefferville Quebec
SN	Town in NE Quebec near Labrador border.

Schela Romania
BT	Europe
	.Southern Europe
	..Romania
	...Walachia
	....Schela Romania
SN	Village in SW Romania.

Schelde River
USE	Scheldt River

Scheldt River
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..Scheldt River
UF	Schelde River
RT	France
	Netherlands
	Belgium
SN	Rises in N France and empties into North Sea through two estuaries, the East and West Scheldt. Indexed with countries as applicable.

Schenectady County New York
BT	United States
	.New York
	..Schenectady County New York

Schenectady Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Ordovician
	....Middle Ordovician
	.....Schenectady Formation
RT	New York
SN	Underlies Indian Ladder Beds; overlies Snake Hill Formation. E central New York. Also search Schenectady Shale.

Schiefergebirge
USE	Rhenish Schiefergebirge

Schimper, Wilhelm-Philippe
UF	Wilhelm-Philippe Schimper
RT	biography
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

schist belts
BT	metamorphic belts
	.schist belts
UF	belts, schist
RT	greenstone belts
	schistosity
	supracrustals
	schists
	greenschist
SN	Also search metamorphic belts AND (schists OR schistosity). Use of 'schist' in this term is a structural rather than a petrologic term; rock types may be other than schist. Some greenstone belts may be included. Added to Thesaurus in 1998.

schistosity
BT	foliation
	.schistosity
RT	metamorphic rocks
	structural analysis
	axial-plane structures
	cleavage
	flow cleavage
	slaty cleavage
	planar deformation features
	schists
	slip cleavage
	orientation
	schist belts
	tourmalinite

schists
BT	metamorphic rocks
	.schists
NT	biotite schist
	blueschist
	calc-schist
	chlorite schist
	epidiorite
	glaucophane schist
	greenschist
	greenstone
	hornblende schist
	listwanite
	muscovite schist
	tourmalinite
RT	schistosity
	schist belts

schizomycetes
USE	bacteria

Schizophoria
BT	Invertebrata
	.Brachiopoda
	..Articulata
	...Orthida
	....Enteletacea
	.....Schizophoria
SN	Genus.

Schizophyta
USE	cyanobacteria

Schleicher County Texas
BT	United States
	.Texas
	..Schleicher County Texas

Schleswig-Holstein Germany
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Germany
	...Schleswig-Holstein Germany
RT	Alster River
	Hamburg Germany
	North German Plain
	Jutland
SN	State, N Germany.

Schley County Georgia
BT	United States
	.Georgia
	..Schley County Georgia

schlieren
RT	igneous rocks
	inclusions
	plutonic rocks

Schlotheim Germany
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Germany
	...Thuringia Germany
	....Schlotheim Germany
SN	Town in E central Germany.

Schlumberger methods
UF	Schlumberger sounding
RT	well-logging
	geophysical methods
	geophysical surveys
	electrical methods
	resistivity
	arrays
	Formation MicroScanner
	well logs
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Schlumberger sounding
USE	Schlumberger methods

Schneeberg Germany
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Germany
	...Thuringia Germany
	....Schneeberg Germany
SN	Town in Erzgebirge.

Schoharie County New York
BT	United States
	.New York
	..Schoharie County New York
SN	E central New York.

scholzite
BT	phosphates
	.scholzite

Schoolcraft County Michigan
BT	United States
	.Michigan
	..Michigan Upper Peninsula
	...Schoolcraft County Michigan

Schoonover Sequence
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Paleozoic
	...Carboniferous
	....Schoonover Sequence
RT	Nevada
SN	NE Nevada. Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

schorl
BT	silicates
	.ring silicates
	..schorl
RT	dravite
	buergerite
	tourmaline
	elbaite
SN	Forms a series with dravite.

schorlomite
BT	silicates
	.orthosilicates
	..nesosilicates
	...garnet group
	....schorlomite

schreibersite
BT	alloys
	.phosphides
	..schreibersite
UF	rhabdite
RT	meteorites
SN	Meteorite mineral.

Schuler Formation
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Jurassic
	....Upper Jurassic
	.....Schuler Formation
RT	Louisiana
	Texas
	Arkansas
	Cotton Valley Group
SN	In Cotton Valley Group. Includes Morgan Sands Zone, Jones Sand, Dorcheat and Shongaloo members. Subsurface.

schungite
USE	shungite

schuppen texture
USE	imbricate tectonics

Schuyler County Illinois
BT	United States
	.Illinois
	..Schuyler County Illinois

Schuyler County Missouri
BT	United States
	.Missouri
	..Schuyler County Missouri

Schuyler County New York
BT	United States
	.New York
	..Schuyler County New York

Schuylkill County Pennsylvania
BT	United States
	.Pennsylvania
	..Schuylkill County Pennsylvania
SN	E Central Pennsylvania.

Schwagerina
BT	microfossils
	.Fusulinina
	..Fusulinidae
	...Schwagerina
SN	Genus. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Schwartzwalder Mine
BT	United States
	.Colorado
	..Jefferson County Colorado
	...Schwartzwalder Mine
RT	mines
	uranium ores
SN	N central Colorado. Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Schwarzburg Anticlinorium
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Germany
	...Thuringia Germany
	....Schwarzburg Anticlinorium
SN	In Thuringia.

Schwarzenberg Germany
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Germany
	...Schwarzenberg Germany
RT	Bavaria Germany
	Saxony Germany
SN	City in Saxony, E Germany. Also occurs in Bavaria. Indexed with states as applicable.

Schwarzwald
USE	Black Forest

Schwechat Valley
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Austria
	...Lower Austria
	....Schwechat Valley
SN	River valley SE of Vienna in E Lower Austria.

Schwerin Bezirk
SN	No longer a valid term for GeoRef. District in NW East Germany. Before 1981, search Schwerin. See Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Germany.

Schwerin Germany
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Germany
	...Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Germany
	....Schwerin Germany
SN	City in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, NE Germany. As of 1981, Schwerin refers to only the city in NW Schwerin Bezirk, NW East Germany. Before 1981, it also included the East German district.

scientific creationism
USE	creationism

scintillation methods, liquid
USE	liquid scintillation methods

scintillations
RT	gamma rays
	liquid scintillation methods
	particles
	radioactivity

Scioto County Ohio
BT	United States
	.Ohio
	..Scioto County Ohio

Scioto drainage basin
USE	Scioto River basin

Scioto River basin
BT	United States
	.Ohio
	..Scioto River basin
UF	Scioto drainage basin
SN	Central and S central Ohio.

Sciuridae
BT	Chordata
	.Vertebrata
	..Tetrapoda
	...Mammalia
	....Theria
	.....Eutheria
	......Rodentia
	.......Sciuromorpha
	........Sciuridae
SN	Family.

Sciuromorpha
BT	Chordata
	.Vertebrata
	..Tetrapoda
	...Mammalia
	....Theria
	.....Eutheria
	......Rodentia
	.......Sciuromorpha
NT	Sciuridae
SN	Suborder.

Scleractinia
BT	Invertebrata
	.Coelenterata
	..Anthozoa
	...Zoantharia
	....Scleractinia
NT	Acropora cervicornis
	Acropora palmata
	Montastrea
	Porites
UF	Hexacorallia
	Madreporaria
	madrepores
RT	Tabulata
	Rugosa
SN	Order.

sclerites
RT	Echinodermata
	fossils
	Holothuroidea

sclerotinite
BT	macerals
	.inertinite
	..sclerotinite
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

scolecite
BT	silicates
	.framework silicates
	..zeolite group
	...scolecite

scolecodonts
BT	microfossils
	.scolecodonts
BT	Invertebrata
	.Vermes
	..scolecodonts
RT	Annelida
SN	This term has multiple hierarchies.

Scoresby Land
BT	Arctic region
	.Greenland
	..Scoresby Land
SN	Region in E on Norwegian Sea between King Oscar Fjord on N and Scoresby Sound on the S.

Scoresby Sound
BT	Arctic region
	.Greenland
	..Scoresby Sound
UF	Scoresby Sund
RT	Milne Land
SN	Deep inlet and fjord system on central E coast.

Scoresby Sund
USE	Scoresby Sound

scoria
BT	igneous rocks
	.volcanic rocks
	..pyroclastics
	...scoria
RT	pumice

scorodite
BT	arsenates
	.scorodite

Scotia Ridge
UF	South Antillean Arc
RT	South Atlantic
	Antarctic Ocean
	Scotia Sea
	ODP Site 696
SN	Extends in an arc in the South Atlantic Ocean from S of the Falkland Islands eastward to the South Sandwich Islands and then westward to S of the South Orkney Islands. Before 1994, Antarctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean, and Antarctica were used as broader terms.

Scotia Sea
RT	Antarctic Ocean
	Drake Passage
	Leg 36
	Scotia Ridge
	South Atlantic
SN	Part of the South Atlantic Ocean within the arc of the Scotia Ridge and E of Drake Passage. It extends from about 62#DGS to 53#DGS. Indexed with South Atlantic and/or Antarctic Ocean as applicable.

Scotia Sea Islands
NT	South Georgia
	South Orkney Islands
	South Sandwich Islands
	South Shetland Islands
RT	Antarctica
	Atlantic Ocean Islands
SN	Islands off Antarctica in the Scotia Sea. Before 1995, Antarctica Atlantic Ocean Islands, or Atlantic Ocean were used as broader terms. Indexed with Atlantic Ocean Islands and/or Antarctica as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

Scotian Shelf
BT	Atlantic Ocean
	.North Atlantic
	..Scotian Shelf
UF	Nova Scotia Shelf
	Nova Scotian Shelf
SN	Off Nova Scotia.

Scotland
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..United Kingdom
	...Great Britain
	....Scotland
NT	Angus Scotland
	Argyllshire Scotland
	Berwickshire Scotland
	Central region Scotland
	Dundee Scotland
	Fife region Scotland
	Firth of Clyde
	Galloway Scotland
	Grampian region Scotland
	Great Glen Fault
	Hebrides
	Highland region Scotland
	Kirkcudbrightshire Scotland
	Lothian region Scotland
	Midlothian Scotland
	Moine thrust zone
	Moray Firth
	Orkney Islands
	Perthshire Scotland
	Scottish Highlands
	Scottish Lowlands
	Shetland Islands
	Strathclyde region Scotland
	Tay Estuary
RT	Dunnage Zone
	Lewisian Complex
	Ballachulish Complex
	Laurentia
	Dalradian
	Ballantrae Complex
	Caledonian Orogeny
	Carnmenellis Granite
	Central Graben
	Forth Valley
	Cheviot Hills
	Esk Trough
	Fair Isle
	Highland Boundary Fault
	Kimmeridge Clay
	Mercia Mudstone
	Midlan

Scotland County Missouri
BT	United States
	.Missouri
	..Scotland County Missouri

Scotland County North Carolina
BT	United States
	.North Carolina
	..Scotland County North Carolina

Scott County Arkansas
BT	United States
	.Arkansas
	..Scott County Arkansas
SN	W Arkansas.

Scott County Illinois
BT	United States
	.Illinois
	..Scott County Illinois
SN	W central Illinois.

Scott County Indiana
BT	Indiana
	.Scott County Indiana
SN	SE Indiana.

Scott County Iowa
BT	United States
	.Iowa
	..Scott County Iowa
NT	Davenport Iowa
SN	E Iowa.

Scott County Kansas
BT	United States
	.Kansas
	..Scott County Kansas
SN	W Kansas.

Scott County Kentucky
BT	United States
	.Kentucky
	..Scott County Kentucky
SN	N Kentucky.

Scott County Minnesota
BT	United States
	.Minnesota
	..Scott County Minnesota
SN	S Minnesota.

Scott County Mississippi
BT	United States
	.Mississippi
	..Scott County Mississippi
SN	Central Mississippi.

Scott County Missouri
BT	United States
	.Missouri
	..Scott County Missouri
SN	SE Missouri.

Scott County Tennessee
BT	United States
	.Tennessee
	..Scott County Tennessee
SN	N Tennessee.

Scott County Virginia
BT	United States
	.Virginia
	..Scott County Virginia
SN	SW Virginia.

Scottish Highlands
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..United Kingdom
	...Great Britain
	....Scotland
	.....Scottish Highlands
RT	Grampian region Scotland
	Highland region Scotland
SN	Before 1981 was used for that part of Scotland lying NW of a line from Loch Lomond to just S of Aberdeen. Before 1981, also search Highlands and Scotland. Also index Grampian Highlands and/or Scottish Northern Highlands if applicable.

Scottish Lowlands
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..United Kingdom
	...Great Britain
	....Scotland
	.....Scottish Lowlands
SN	Region S of Dumbarton-Stonehaven line to the Southern Uplands. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

Scottish Northern Highlands
BT	ottish Highlands
	.Scottish Northern Highlands
RT	Grampian Highlands
SN	Before 1993, also search Northern Highlands and Scotland. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.

Scotts Bluff County Nebraska
BT	United States
	.Nebraska
	..Scotts Bluff County Nebraska

Scotts Mills earthquake 1993
BT	earthquakes
	.Scotts Mills earthquake 1993
RT	Oregon
SN	Epicenter about 25 miles SSW of Portland Oregon.

scour
BT	erosion
	.scour
UF	scouring
RT	wind erosion
	water erosion
	ice
	glacial erosion
	icebergs
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

scour casts
BT	sedimentary structures
	.bedding plane irregularities
	..scour casts
RT	casts
	flute casts

scour marks
BT	sedimentary structures
	.bedding plane irregularities
	..scour marks
RT	flute casts
	current markings

Scourie Scotland
BT	ghland region Scotland
	.Sutherland Scotland
	..Scourie Scotland
SN	Village on North Minch in NW Scotland.

scouring
USE	scour

Screven County Georgia
BT	United States
	.Georgia
	..Screven County Georgia

Scripps Institution of Oceanography
RT	academic institutions
	California
SN	In La Jolla, a NW section of San Diego, in San Diego County.

ScS-waves
BT	elastic waves
	.seismic waves
	..body waves
	...ScS-waves
RT	seismology
	waves
	S-waves
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

Sculptured Hills
BT	Moon
	.Sculptured Hills

Scurry County Texas
BT	United States
	.Texas
	..Scurry County Texas

Scutelluidae
BT	Invertebrata
	.Arthropoda
	..Trilobitomorpha
	...Trilobita
	....Ptychopariida
	.....Scutelluidae

Scyphozoa
BT	Invertebrata
	.Coelenterata
	..Scyphozoa
NT	Conularida

Scythian
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Triassic
	....Lower Triassic
	.....Scythian
UF	Skythian
RT	Olenekian
	Permian-Triassic boundary
	Werfenian
SN	Europe. Above Tatarian (Permian), below Anisian.

Scythian Platform
BT	Europe
	.Scythian Platform
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Scythian Platform
RT	Russian Federation
	Ukraine
SN	Broad, sedimentary plain N and NE of the Black Sea. This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with former Soviet republics as applicable.

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