vo  search
VOC  search
SNSee volatile organic compounds.
Vocontian Trough  search
BTEurope
 .Western Europe
 ..France
 ...Vocontian Trough
Vodino  search
SNNo longer a valid term for GeoRef. As of 1993, see Vodino Ukraine for village in 3 locations in the Ukraine; or Vodino Russian Federation for villages in Samara (formerly Kuybyshev) and Volgograd oblasts of the European area of the Russian Federation and
Vodino Russian Federation  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Vodino Russian Federation
RTVolgograd Russian Federation
 Novosibirsk Russian Federation
 Samara Russian Federation
SNVillages in Samara and Volgograd oblasts of the European area of the Russian Federation, also a village in Novosibirsk Oblast of the Russian Federation in Siberia. Before 1993, Vodino Russian Republic was also used. Indexed with oblasts and (Europe or Asi
Vodino Ukraine  search
BTEurope
 .Ukraine
 ..Vodino Ukraine
SNVillage in 3 locations in the Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with oblast or location as applicable.
Vogels Berg  search
USEVogelsberg
Vogelsberg  search
BTsse Germany
 .Vogelsberg
UFVogels Berg
SNMountain range in central Hesse.
vogesite  search
BTigneous rocks
 .plutonic rocks
 ..lamprophyres
 ...vogesite
Vogtland  search
BTEurope
 .Central Europe
 ..Germany
 ...Vogtland
RTSaxony Germany
 Thuringia Germany
SNRegion NW of the W edge of the Erzgebirge around Plauen in E Germany. Indexed with states as applicable.
Voivodina Yugoslavia  search
USEVojvodina Yugoslavia
Vojvodina Yugoslavia  search
BTEurope
 .Southern Europe
 ..Yugoslavia
 ...Serbia
 ....Vojvodina Yugoslavia
UFVoivodina Yugoslavia
 Voyvodina Yugoslavia
RTBanat
 Tisza River
SNAutonomous province on the Hungarian and Romanian borders in N Serbia.
volatile combustible  search
USEvolatiles
volatile elements  search
RTchemical elements
 volatiles
volatile matter  search
USEvolatiles
volatile organic chemicals  search
USEvolatile organic compounds
volatile organic compounds  search
BTorganic compounds
 .volatile organic compounds
BTvolatiles
 .volatile organic compounds
UFvolatile organic chemicals
RTcompounds
 agrochemicals
 pollutants
 hydrocarbons
 solvents
 soil vapor extraction
 soil venting
 volatilization
 chlorinated hydrocarbons
 halogenated hydrocarbons
 pump-and-treat
 crude oil
 soil gases
SNHydrocarbon in combination with any other element in a compound which has a low vapor pressure or other reactive organic chemicals. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
volatiles  search
NTvolatile organic compounds
UFvolatile combustible
 volatile matter
RTgeochemistry
 organic compounds
 coal
 combustion
 methanol
 volatilization
 chloroform
 volatile elements
SNFor compounds.
volatilization  search
UFdevolatilization (volatilization)
RTgeochemistry
 processes
 soil vapor extraction
 degassing
 boiling
 gases
 volatile organic compounds
 volatiles
 degasification
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1989.
volborthite  search
BTvanadates
 .volborthite
volcanic  search
SNA valid term through 1977.
volcanic arcs  search
USEisland arcs
volcanic ash  search
RTamorphous materials
 ash falls
 ash flows
 ash-flow tuff
 atmospheric transport
 bentonite
 clastic sediments
 dust
 ejecta
 ignimbrite
 K-bentonite
 nuees ardentes
 pyroclastic flows
 pyroclastics
 sediments
 shirasu
 terrigenous materials
 tuff
 volcanic rocks
 volcanicla
SNIn GeoRef, ash is used for artifical ash. May be used as an igneous rock and a sediment. Also index pyroclastics; OR clastic sediments as applicable (See lists H or N).
volcanic belts  search
UFbelts, volcanic
RTplate tectonics
 volcanoes
volcanic breccia  search
BTsedimentary rocks
 .clastic rocks
 ..breccia
 ...volcanic breccia
RTpyroclastics
 volcaniclastics
 breccia pipes
 megabreccia
 peperite
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1981.
volcanic centers  search
BTvolcanic features
 .volcanic centers
RTvolcanism
 volcanoes
SNFeatures on scale larger than volcanoes. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.
volcanic clay  search
USEbentonite
volcanic clouds  search
USEash clouds
volcanic earthquakes  search
BTearthquakes
 .volcanic earthquakes
UFvolcanic tremors
RTvolcanism
 geologic hazards
 volcanic risk
 volcanoes
 volcanology
 eruptions
 tilt
 seismic quiescence
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1981.
volcanic features  search
NTcalderas
 cauldrons
 cinder cones
 lava channels
 lava fields
 lava tubes
 volcanic centers
 volcanic necks
UFfeatures, volcanic
RTlava
 volcanism
 geomorphology
 volcanoes
 volcanology
 craters
 lava flows
 black smokers
 diatremes
 crater lakes
 caves
 speleology
 caverns
 stalactites
 stalagmites
 underground cavities
 vents
 lava lakes
 maars
volcanic fields  search
RTlava fields
 volcanic rocks
 volcanism
 volcanology
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1985.
volcanic glass  search
BTigneous rocks
 .volcanic rocks
 ..glasses
 ...volcanic glass
UFglass, volcanic
RTshirasu
 ignimbrite
 perlite
 crystallites
 devitrification
 vitrification
 obsidian
 pitchstone
SNFor basalt glass, use volcanic glass and basaltic composition.
volcanic necks  search
BTvolcanic features
 .volcanic necks
UFnecks, volcanic
RTvolcanism
 geomorphology
 volcanoes
 erosion features
 volcanology
 intrusions
 pipes
 diatremes
 plugs
 vents
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1982.
volcanic processes  search
USEvolcanism
volcanic risk  search
RTaircraft
 ash clouds
 effects
 eruptions
 geologic hazards
 public awareness
 safety
 volcanic earthquakes
 engineering geology
 volcanism
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1989.
volcanic rocks  search
BTigneous rocks
 .volcanic rocks
NTandesites
 basalts
 benmoreite
 dacites
 glasses
 granophyre
 melilitite
 phonolites
 pyroclastics
 rhyodacites
 rhyolites
 trachyandesites
 trachytes
UFeruptive rocks
 volcanics
RTlava
 volcanism
 rocks
 volcanoes
 shirasu
 volcanic ash
 volcanology
 ash flows
 pyroclastic flows
 breccia pipes
 diorite porphyry
 volcanic fields
 metavolcanic rocks
SNBefore 1978, also search igneous rocks AND volcanic. From 1978-1980, diorite porphyry was a narrower term. From 1981-1993, vitrophyre was a narrower term. From 1981-1985, volcanic ash and ash flows were narrower terms.
volcanic tremors  search
USEvolcanic earthquakes
volcanic vents  search
USEvents
volcanicity  search
USEvolcanism
volcanicla  search
volcaniclastic rocks  search
USEvolcaniclastics
volcaniclastics  search
UFvolcaniclastic rocks
RTigneous rocks
 pyroclastics
 sedimentary rocks
 clastic sediments
 volcanic ash
 sediments
 tuff
 clastic rocks
 terrigenous materials
 ash falls
 pyroclastic flows
 volcanic breccia
 ejecta
 lapilli
SNUsed to indicate material, within sediments or sedimentary rocks, which originated from a volcano. Use pyroclastics for the igneous rock. Added to Thesaurus in 1984.
volcanics  search
USEvolcanic rocks
volcanism  search
UFvolcanic processes
 volcanicity
 vulcanism
 volcanogenic processes
RTaa lava
 lava
 ash clouds
 hydrothermal alteration
 ash falls
 ash flows
 flow texture
 eruptions
 base surges
 fumaroles
 breccia pipes
 calderas
 cauldrons
 cinder cones
 heat sources
 maars
 explosive eruptions
 hawaiian-type eruptions
 intraplate processes
 lahars
 magma
SNIndexed with mineral deposits, genesis if applicable.
Volcano Island  search
USEVulcano
volcanoes  search
NTshield volcanoes
 stratovolcanoes
 submarine volcanoes
UFvolcanos
RTChokai
 Alae Crater
 Alba Patera
 domes
 Beerenberg
 Arenal
 Arsia Mons
 Asama
 Ascraeus Mons
 ash falls
 Aso
 Ata Caldera
 eruptions
 Augustine
 Avacha
 Bandai
 Bezymyannyy
 breccia pipes
 calderas
 Cerro Negro
 cinder cones
 Colima
 Creede Caldera
 Dogo
 El Chichon
 Fantale
 Fue
SNUsed when discussing specific volcanoes. Also see volcanic centers.
volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits  search
SNNot a valid term for GeoRef. Use massive sulfide deposits and volcanism.
volcanogenic processes  search
USEvolcanism
volcanology  search
UFvulcanology
RTlava
 igneous rocks
 magmas
 atmosphere
 ash clouds
 continental drift
 catalogs
 bibliography
 ash falls
 ash flows
 intrusions
 crust
 craters
 eruptions
 lava flows
 fumaroles
 calderas
 cauldrons
 extrusive rocks
 ejecta
 explosive eruptions
 hawaiian-type eruptions
 magma
SNUsed for the discipline as a whole.
volcanos  search
USEvolcanoes
Volga  search
SNA valid term through 1976. See Volga River or Volga region.
Volga region  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Volga region
RTEurope
 Astrakhan Arch
 Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
SNThe middle and lower courses of the Volga River and its tributaries. It includes the Volga drainage basin with the exception of parts of the NE, NW, and SW. Also search Volga. Indexed with Europe if applicable.
Volga River  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Volga River
BTEurope
 .Volga River
RTVoronezh-Volga Anteclise
SNLongest river in Europe. It rises in the Valdai Hills NE of Moscow and flows SE and then S into the N Caspian Sea. Also search Volga. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Volga-Don Interfluve  search
USEVolga-Don region
Volga-Don region  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Volga-Don region
BTEurope
 .Volga-Don region
UFVolga-Don Interfluve
RTVolgograd Russian Federation
SNBetween the Don River and Volga River in the Volga-Don Canal area. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Volga-Ural Basin  search
USEVolga-Ural region
Volga-Ural Interfluve  search
USEVolga-Ural region
Volga-Ural region  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Volga-Ural region
UFUral-Volga Interfluve
 Ural-Volga region
 Volga-Ural Basin
 Volga-Ural Interfluve
RTRussian Federation
 Kazakhstan
SNBetween the parallel courses of the lower Volga River and lower Ural River. Also search Ural-Volga. Indexed with former Soviet republics AND Asia and/or Europe as applicable. as applicable.
Volga-Urals  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Volga-Urals
BTEurope
 .Volga-Urals
SNRegion between the middle course of the Volga River and the Urals. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Volgian  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Phanerozoic
 ..Mesozoic
 ...Jurassic
 ....Upper Jurassic
 .....Volgian
RTMalm
SNEurope.
Volgograd City Russian Federation  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Volgograd Russian Federation
 ...Volgograd City Russian Federation
SNCity in S Volgograd Oblast on the right bank of the Volga River about 280 miles from its mouth. Before 1993, also search Volgograd Russian Republic. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Volgograd Russian Federation  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Volgograd Russian Federation
BTEurope
 .Volgograd Russian Federation
NTKamyshin Russian Federation
 Mikhailovka Russian Federation
 Volgograd City Russian Federation
UFStalingrad Russian Federation
 Tsaritsyn Russian Federation
RTVodino Russian Federation
 Tsarev Meteorite
 Volga-Don region
SNOblast, SW Russian Federation. Before 1993, Volgograd Russian Republic was also used. Before 1978, also search Stalingrad region. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Volhynia  search
BTEurope
 .Ukraine
 ..Volhynia
UFVolynia
RTVolyn Ukraine
SNForested region with marshland and many lakes S and SW of the Pripet Marshes in NW Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Vologda Russian Federation  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Vologda Russian Federation
BTEurope
 .Vologda Russian Federation
SNOblast and city on the Vologda River 330 miles E of Saint Petersburg. Before 1993, Vologda Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Volta Basin  search
BTAfrica
 .Volta Basin
RTGhana
 Ivory Coast
 Burkina Faso
 Togo
SNRiver basin including Lake Volta. Also search Volta. Indexed with countries as applicable.
Voltaic Republic  search
USEBurkina Faso
voltaite  search
BTsulfates
 .voltaite
voltammetry  search
RTchemical analysis
 electrochemical properties
 electrolytic analysis
 trace-element analyses
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1985.
Voltri Group  search
UFVoltri Massif
RTMesozoic
 Italy
 Ligurian Alps
SNN Italy. Indexed with Ligurian Alps or area as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985.
Voltri Massif  search
USEVoltri Group
Voltzia Sandstone  search
BTChronostratigraphic Units
 .Phanerozoic
 ..Mesozoic
 ...Triassic
 ....Lower Triassic
 .....Bunter
 ......Voltzia Sandstone
RTFrance
 Vosges France
volume  search
RTisochores
 specific surface
SNUsed as a general term.
volume elasticity  search
USEbulk modulus
volume susceptibility (magnetic)  search
USEmagnetic susceptibility
volumetric analysis  search
USEtitration
Volusia County Florida  search
BTUnited States
 .Florida
 ..Volusia County Florida
Volyn Ukraine  search
BTEurope
 .Ukraine
 ..Volyn Ukraine
UFWolyn Ukraine
RTLvov-Volyn Basin
 Volhynia
SNOblast in NW Ukraine. A province of Poland prior to WW II. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Volyn-Podolia  search
BTEurope
 .Ukraine
 ..Volyn-Podolia
UFVolyn-Podolian Platform
 Volyn-Podolian Upland
RTPodolia
SNAn upland region between the Dniester River and Dnieper River in W Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Volyn-Podolian Platform  search
USEVolyn-Podolia
Volyn-Podolian Upland  search
USEVolyn-Podolia
Volynia  search
USEVolhynia
Volyno-Azov Massif  search
USEUkrainian Shield
vonsenite  search
BTborates
 .vonsenite
Vorarlberg Austria  search
BTEurope
 .Central Europe
 ..Austria
 ...Vorarlberg Austria
RTLake Constance
SNState in extreme W Austria.
Voring Plateau  search
BTArctic Ocean
 .Norwegian Sea
 ..Voring Plateau
RTLeg 38
 DSDP Site 338
 DSDP Site 339
 DSDP Site 340
 DSDP Site 341
 DSDP Site 342
 DSDP Site 343
 Leg 104
 ODP Site 642
 ODP Site 643
 ODP Site 644
SNUnderwater feature S of the Lofoten Basin off the central Norwegian coast.
Vorkuta Russian Federation  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Komi Russian Federation
 ...Vorkuta Russian Federation
SNTown on the Vorkuta River in extreme NE Komi at N end of the Urals. Before 1993, Vorkuta Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Voronezh Anteclise  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Voronezh Russian Federation
 ...Voronezh Anteclise
UFVoronezh Anticline
 Voronezh Anticlise
 Voronezh Massif
RTVoronezh-Volga Anteclise
SNNear the Ukrainian border in SW Voronezh Oblast. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Voronezh Anticline  search
USEVoronezh Anteclise
Voronezh Anticlise  search
USEVoronezh Anteclise
Voronezh Massif  search
USEVoronezh Anteclise
Voronezh Russian Federation  search
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Russian Federation
 ..Voronezh Russian Federation
BTEurope
 .Voronezh Russian Federation
NTGolovanevsk Russian Federation
 Voronezh Anteclise
SNOblast including the city on the Voronezh River near its junction with the Don River. N of E Ukraine. Before 1993, Voronezh Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Voronezh-Volga Anteclise  search
BTEurope
 .Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
BTCommonwealth of Independent States
 .Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
BTRussian Platform
 .Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
RTRussian Federation
 Volga region
 Tsarev Meteorite
 Volga River
 Voronezh Anteclise
SNThis term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with former Soviet republics as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.
Voroshilovsk (region)  search
USEStavropol region
vorticity  search
RTdeformation
 fluid dynamics
 geophysics
 mathematical geology
 shear
 strain
 turbulence
 velocity
Vosges France  search
BTEurope
 .Western Europe
 ..France
 ...Vosges France
RTLorraine
 Vosges Mountains
 Voltzia Sandstone
SNDepartment in NE France.
Vosges Mountains  search
BTEurope
 .Western Europe
 ..France
 ...Vosges Mountains
RTHaut-Rhin France
 Vosges France
SNRange extending from Belfort Gap to German border. Indexed with departments as applicable.
Vostok Station  search
BTAntarctica
 .Vostok Station
SNTwo Soviet IGY stations. Vostok 1 Station is S of the Queen Mary Coast at about 72#DGS 097#DGE. Vostok 2 Station is midway between Queen Mary Coast and the South Pole near the South Geomagnetic Pole at about 78#DG30#PRS 107#DGE. Both stations are on the I
Vourinos  search
BTEurope
 .Southern Europe
 ..Greece
 ...Greek Macedonia
 ....Vourinos
UFBurono
 Vourinos Massif
SNMountain SW of Kozane in W Macedonia. This term has multiple hierarchies.
Vourinos Massif  search
USEVourinos
Voyager  search
Voyager 1  search
BTVoyager Program
 .Voyager 1
RTJupiter
 remote sensing
 Saturn
 Voyager 2
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1989.
Voyager 2  search
BTVoyager Program
 .Voyager 2
RTJupiter
 remote sensing
 Uranus
 Saturn
 Voyager 1
 Neptune
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1989.
Voyager Program  search
NTVoyager 1
 Voyager 2
UFProgram Voyager
 Project Voyager
 Voyager Project
RTAdrastea Satellite
 Jupiter
 Amalthea Satellite
 extraterrestrial geology
 Ariel Satellite
 Callisto Satellite
 Dione Satellite
 Enceladus Satellite
 Europa Satellite
 Ganymede Satellite
 Io Satellite
 Hyperion Satellite
 Iapetus Satellite
 Janus Satellite
 Mimas Satel
SNAdded to Thesaurus in 1985.
Voyager Project  search
USEVoyager Program
Voyvodina Yugoslavia  search
USEVojvodina Yugoslavia