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vo

VOC
SN	See volatile organic compounds.

Vocontian Trough
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..France
	...Vocontian Trough

Vodino
SN	No longer a valid term for GeoRef. As of 1993, see Vodino Ukraine for village in 3 locations in the Ukraine; or Vodino Russian Federation for villages in Samara (formerly Kuybyshev) and Volgograd oblasts of the European area of the Russian Federation and

Vodino Russian Federation
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Vodino Russian Federation
RT	Volgograd Russian Federation
	Novosibirsk Russian Federation
	Samara Russian Federation
SN	Villages in Samara and Volgograd oblasts of the European area of the Russian Federation, also a village in Novosibirsk Oblast of the Russian Federation in Siberia. Before 1993, Vodino Russian Republic was also used. Indexed with oblasts and (Europe or Asi

Vodino Ukraine
BT	Europe
	.Ukraine
	..Vodino Ukraine
SN	Village in 3 locations in the Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with oblast or location as applicable.

Vogels Berg
USE	Vogelsberg

Vogelsberg
BT	sse Germany
	.Vogelsberg
UF	Vogels Berg
SN	Mountain range in central Hesse.

vogesite
BT	igneous rocks
	.plutonic rocks
	..lamprophyres
	...vogesite

Vogtland
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Germany
	...Vogtland
RT	Saxony Germany
	Thuringia Germany
SN	Region NW of the W edge of the Erzgebirge around Plauen in E Germany. Indexed with states as applicable.

Voivodina Yugoslavia
USE	Vojvodina Yugoslavia

Vojvodina Yugoslavia
BT	Europe
	.Southern Europe
	..Yugoslavia
	...Serbia
	....Vojvodina Yugoslavia
UF	Voivodina Yugoslavia
	Voyvodina Yugoslavia
RT	Banat
	Tisza River
SN	Autonomous province on the Hungarian and Romanian borders in N Serbia.

volatile combustible
USE	volatiles

volatile elements
RT	chemical elements
	volatiles

volatile matter
USE	volatiles

volatile organic chemicals
USE	volatile organic compounds

volatile organic compounds
BT	organic compounds
	.volatile organic compounds
BT	volatiles
	.volatile organic compounds
UF	volatile organic chemicals
RT	compounds
	agrochemicals
	pollutants
	hydrocarbons
	solvents
	soil vapor extraction
	soil venting
	volatilization
	chlorinated hydrocarbons
	halogenated hydrocarbons
	pump-and-treat
	crude oil
	soil gases
SN	Hydrocarbon in combination with any other element in a compound which has a low vapor pressure or other reactive organic chemicals. This term has multiple hierarchies. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.

volatiles
NT	volatile organic compounds
UF	volatile combustible
	volatile matter
RT	geochemistry
	organic compounds
	coal
	combustion
	methanol
	volatilization
	chloroform
	volatile elements
SN	For compounds.

volatilization
UF	devolatilization (volatilization)
RT	geochemistry
	processes
	soil vapor extraction
	degassing
	boiling
	gases
	volatile organic compounds
	volatiles
	degasification
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

volborthite
BT	vanadates
	.volborthite

volcanic
SN	A valid term through 1977.

volcanic arcs
USE	island arcs

volcanic ash
RT	amorphous materials
	ash falls
	ash flows
	ash-flow tuff
	atmospheric transport
	bentonite
	clastic sediments
	dust
	ejecta
	ignimbrite
	K-bentonite
	nuees ardentes
	pyroclastic flows
	pyroclastics
	sediments
	shirasu
	terrigenous materials
	tuff
	volcanic rocks
	volcanicla
SN	In GeoRef, ash is used for artifical ash. May be used as an igneous rock and a sediment. Also index pyroclastics; OR clastic sediments as applicable (See lists H or N).

volcanic belts
UF	belts, volcanic
RT	plate tectonics
	volcanoes

volcanic breccia
BT	sedimentary rocks
	.clastic rocks
	..breccia
	...volcanic breccia
RT	pyroclastics
	volcaniclastics
	breccia pipes
	megabreccia
	peperite
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

volcanic centers
BT	volcanic features
	.volcanic centers
RT	volcanism
	volcanoes
SN	Features on scale larger than volcanoes. Added to Thesaurus in 1993.

volcanic clay
USE	bentonite

volcanic clouds
USE	ash clouds

volcanic earthquakes
BT	earthquakes
	.volcanic earthquakes
UF	volcanic tremors
RT	volcanism
	geologic hazards
	volcanic risk
	volcanoes
	volcanology
	eruptions
	tilt
	seismic quiescence
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

volcanic features
NT	calderas
	cauldrons
	cinder cones
	lava channels
	lava fields
	lava tubes
	volcanic centers
	volcanic necks
UF	features, volcanic
RT	lava
	volcanism
	geomorphology
	volcanoes
	volcanology
	craters
	lava flows
	black smokers
	diatremes
	crater lakes
	caves
	speleology
	caverns
	stalactites
	stalagmites
	underground cavities
	vents
	lava lakes
	maars

volcanic fields
RT	lava fields
	volcanic rocks
	volcanism
	volcanology
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

volcanic glass
BT	igneous rocks
	.volcanic rocks
	..glasses
	...volcanic glass
UF	glass, volcanic
RT	shirasu
	ignimbrite
	perlite
	crystallites
	devitrification
	vitrification
	obsidian
	pitchstone
SN	For basalt glass, use volcanic glass and basaltic composition.

volcanic necks
BT	volcanic features
	.volcanic necks
UF	necks, volcanic
RT	volcanism
	geomorphology
	volcanoes
	erosion features
	volcanology
	intrusions
	pipes
	diatremes
	plugs
	vents
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1982.

volcanic processes
USE	volcanism

volcanic risk
RT	aircraft
	ash clouds
	effects
	eruptions
	geologic hazards
	public awareness
	safety
	volcanic earthquakes
	engineering geology
	volcanism
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

volcanic rocks
BT	igneous rocks
	.volcanic rocks
NT	andesites
	basalts
	benmoreite
	dacites
	glasses
	granophyre
	melilitite
	phonolites
	pyroclastics
	rhyodacites
	rhyolites
	trachyandesites
	trachytes
UF	eruptive rocks
	volcanics
RT	lava
	volcanism
	rocks
	volcanoes
	shirasu
	volcanic ash
	volcanology
	ash flows
	pyroclastic flows
	breccia pipes
	diorite porphyry
	volcanic fields
	metavolcanic rocks
SN	Before 1978, also search igneous rocks AND volcanic. From 1978-1980, diorite porphyry was a narrower term. From 1981-1993, vitrophyre was a narrower term. From 1981-1985, volcanic ash and ash flows were narrower terms.

volcanic tremors
USE	volcanic earthquakes

volcanic vents
USE	vents

volcanicity
USE	volcanism

volcanicla

volcaniclastic rocks
USE	volcaniclastics

volcaniclastics
UF	volcaniclastic rocks
RT	igneous rocks
	pyroclastics
	sedimentary rocks
	clastic sediments
	volcanic ash
	sediments
	tuff
	clastic rocks
	terrigenous materials
	ash falls
	pyroclastic flows
	volcanic breccia
	ejecta
	lapilli
SN	Used to indicate material, within sediments or sedimentary rocks, which originated from a volcano. Use pyroclastics for the igneous rock. Added to Thesaurus in 1984.

volcanics
USE	volcanic rocks

volcanism
UF	volcanic processes
	volcanicity
	vulcanism
	volcanogenic processes
RT	aa lava
	lava
	ash clouds
	hydrothermal alteration
	ash falls
	ash flows
	flow texture
	eruptions
	base surges
	fumaroles
	breccia pipes
	calderas
	cauldrons
	cinder cones
	heat sources
	maars
	explosive eruptions
	hawaiian-type eruptions
	intraplate processes
	lahars
	magma
SN	Indexed with mineral deposits, genesis if applicable.

Volcano Island
USE	Vulcano

volcanoes
NT	shield volcanoes
	stratovolcanoes
	submarine volcanoes
UF	volcanos
RT	Chokai
	Alae Crater
	Alba Patera
	domes
	Beerenberg
	Arenal
	Arsia Mons
	Asama
	Ascraeus Mons
	ash falls
	Aso
	Ata Caldera
	eruptions
	Augustine
	Avacha
	Bandai
	Bezymyannyy
	breccia pipes
	calderas
	Cerro Negro
	cinder cones
	Colima
	Creede Caldera
	Dogo
	El Chichon
	Fantale
	Fue
SN	Used when discussing specific volcanoes. Also see volcanic centers.

volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits
SN	Not a valid term for GeoRef. Use massive sulfide deposits and volcanism.

volcanogenic processes
USE	volcanism

volcanology
UF	vulcanology
RT	lava
	igneous rocks
	magmas
	atmosphere
	ash clouds
	continental drift
	catalogs
	bibliography
	ash falls
	ash flows
	intrusions
	crust
	craters
	eruptions
	lava flows
	fumaroles
	calderas
	cauldrons
	extrusive rocks
	ejecta
	explosive eruptions
	hawaiian-type eruptions
	magma
SN	Used for the discipline as a whole.

volcanos
USE	volcanoes

Volga
SN	A valid term through 1976. See Volga River or Volga region.

Volga region
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Volga region
RT	Europe
	Astrakhan Arch
	Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
SN	The middle and lower courses of the Volga River and its tributaries. It includes the Volga drainage basin with the exception of parts of the NE, NW, and SW. Also search Volga. Indexed with Europe if applicable.

Volga River
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Volga River
BT	Europe
	.Volga River
RT	Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
SN	Longest river in Europe. It rises in the Valdai Hills NE of Moscow and flows SE and then S into the N Caspian Sea. Also search Volga. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Volga-Don Interfluve
USE	Volga-Don region

Volga-Don region
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Volga-Don region
BT	Europe
	.Volga-Don region
UF	Volga-Don Interfluve
RT	Volgograd Russian Federation
SN	Between the Don River and Volga River in the Volga-Don Canal area. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Volga-Ural Basin
USE	Volga-Ural region

Volga-Ural Interfluve
USE	Volga-Ural region

Volga-Ural region
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Volga-Ural region
UF	Ural-Volga Interfluve
	Ural-Volga region
	Volga-Ural Basin
	Volga-Ural Interfluve
RT	Russian Federation
	Kazakhstan
SN	Between the parallel courses of the lower Volga River and lower Ural River. Also search Ural-Volga. Indexed with former Soviet republics AND Asia and/or Europe as applicable. as applicable.

Volga-Urals
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Volga-Urals
BT	Europe
	.Volga-Urals
SN	Region between the middle course of the Volga River and the Urals. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Volgian
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Jurassic
	....Upper Jurassic
	.....Volgian
RT	Malm
SN	Europe.

Volgograd City Russian Federation
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Volgograd Russian Federation
	...Volgograd City Russian Federation
SN	City in S Volgograd Oblast on the right bank of the Volga River about 280 miles from its mouth. Before 1993, also search Volgograd Russian Republic. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Volgograd Russian Federation
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Volgograd Russian Federation
BT	Europe
	.Volgograd Russian Federation
NT	Kamyshin Russian Federation
	Mikhailovka Russian Federation
	Volgograd City Russian Federation
UF	Stalingrad Russian Federation
	Tsaritsyn Russian Federation
RT	Vodino Russian Federation
	Tsarev Meteorite
	Volga-Don region
SN	Oblast, SW Russian Federation. Before 1993, Volgograd Russian Republic was also used. Before 1978, also search Stalingrad region. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Volhynia
BT	Europe
	.Ukraine
	..Volhynia
UF	Volynia
RT	Volyn Ukraine
SN	Forested region with marshland and many lakes S and SW of the Pripet Marshes in NW Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Vologda Russian Federation
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Vologda Russian Federation
BT	Europe
	.Vologda Russian Federation
SN	Oblast and city on the Vologda River 330 miles E of Saint Petersburg. Before 1993, Vologda Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Volta Basin
BT	Africa
	.Volta Basin
RT	Ghana
	Ivory Coast
	Burkina Faso
	Togo
SN	River basin including Lake Volta. Also search Volta. Indexed with countries as applicable.

Voltaic Republic
USE	Burkina Faso

voltaite
BT	sulfates
	.voltaite

voltammetry
RT	chemical analysis
	electrochemical properties
	electrolytic analysis
	trace-element analyses
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Voltri Group
UF	Voltri Massif
RT	Mesozoic
	Italy
	Ligurian Alps
SN	N Italy. Indexed with Ligurian Alps or area as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Voltri Massif
USE	Voltri Group

Voltzia Sandstone
BT	Chronostratigraphic Units
	.Phanerozoic
	..Mesozoic
	...Triassic
	....Lower Triassic
	.....Bunter
	......Voltzia Sandstone
RT	France
	Vosges France

volume
RT	isochores
	specific surface
SN	Used as a general term.

volume elasticity
USE	bulk modulus

volume susceptibility (magnetic)
USE	magnetic susceptibility

volumetric analysis
USE	titration

Volusia County Florida
BT	United States
	.Florida
	..Volusia County Florida

Volyn Ukraine
BT	Europe
	.Ukraine
	..Volyn Ukraine
UF	Wolyn Ukraine
RT	Lvov-Volyn Basin
	Volhynia
SN	Oblast in NW Ukraine. A province of Poland prior to WW II. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Volyn-Podolia
BT	Europe
	.Ukraine
	..Volyn-Podolia
UF	Volyn-Podolian Platform
	Volyn-Podolian Upland
RT	Podolia
SN	An upland region between the Dniester River and Dnieper River in W Ukraine. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Volyn-Podolian Platform
USE	Volyn-Podolia

Volyn-Podolian Upland
USE	Volyn-Podolia

Volynia
USE	Volhynia

Volyno-Azov Massif
USE	Ukrainian Shield

vonsenite
BT	borates
	.vonsenite

Vorarlberg Austria
BT	Europe
	.Central Europe
	..Austria
	...Vorarlberg Austria
RT	Lake Constance
SN	State in extreme W Austria.

Voring Plateau
BT	Arctic Ocean
	.Norwegian Sea
	..Voring Plateau
RT	Leg 38
	DSDP Site 338
	DSDP Site 339
	DSDP Site 340
	DSDP Site 341
	DSDP Site 342
	DSDP Site 343
	Leg 104
	ODP Site 642
	ODP Site 643
	ODP Site 644
SN	Underwater feature S of the Lofoten Basin off the central Norwegian coast.

Vorkuta Russian Federation
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Komi Russian Federation
	...Vorkuta Russian Federation
SN	Town on the Vorkuta River in extreme NE Komi at N end of the Urals. Before 1993, Vorkuta Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Voronezh Anteclise
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Voronezh Russian Federation
	...Voronezh Anteclise
UF	Voronezh Anticline
	Voronezh Anticlise
	Voronezh Massif
RT	Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
SN	Near the Ukrainian border in SW Voronezh Oblast. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Voronezh Anticline
USE	Voronezh Anteclise

Voronezh Anticlise
USE	Voronezh Anteclise

Voronezh Massif
USE	Voronezh Anteclise

Voronezh Russian Federation
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Russian Federation
	..Voronezh Russian Federation
BT	Europe
	.Voronezh Russian Federation
NT	Golovanevsk Russian Federation
	Voronezh Anteclise
SN	Oblast including the city on the Voronezh River near its junction with the Don River. N of E Ukraine. Before 1993, Voronezh Russian Republic was also used. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
BT	Europe
	.Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
BT	Commonwealth of Independent States
	.Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
BT	Russian Platform
	.Voronezh-Volga Anteclise
RT	Russian Federation
	Volga region
	Tsarev Meteorite
	Volga River
	Voronezh Anteclise
SN	This term has multiple hierarchies. Indexed with former Soviet republics as applicable. Added to Thesaurus in 1981.

Voroshilovsk (region)
USE	Stavropol region

vorticity
RT	deformation
	fluid dynamics
	geophysics
	mathematical geology
	shear
	strain
	turbulence
	velocity

Vosges France
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..France
	...Vosges France
RT	Lorraine
	Vosges Mountains
	Voltzia Sandstone
SN	Department in NE France.

Vosges Mountains
BT	Europe
	.Western Europe
	..France
	...Vosges Mountains
RT	Haut-Rhin France
	Vosges France
SN	Range extending from Belfort Gap to German border. Indexed with departments as applicable.

Vostok Station
BT	Antarctica
	.Vostok Station
SN	Two Soviet IGY stations. Vostok 1 Station is S of the Queen Mary Coast at about 72#DGS 097#DGE. Vostok 2 Station is midway between Queen Mary Coast and the South Pole near the South Geomagnetic Pole at about 78#DG30#PRS 107#DGE. Both stations are on the I

Vourinos
BT	Europe
	.Southern Europe
	..Greece
	...Greek Macedonia
	....Vourinos
UF	Burono
	Vourinos Massif
SN	Mountain SW of Kozane in W Macedonia. This term has multiple hierarchies.

Vourinos Massif
USE	Vourinos

Voyager

Voyager 1
BT	Voyager Program
	.Voyager 1
RT	Jupiter
	remote sensing
	Saturn
	Voyager 2
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Voyager 2
BT	Voyager Program
	.Voyager 2
RT	Jupiter
	remote sensing
	Uranus
	Saturn
	Voyager 1
	Neptune
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1989.

Voyager Program
NT	Voyager 1
	Voyager 2
UF	Program Voyager
	Project Voyager
	Voyager Project
RT	Adrastea Satellite
	Jupiter
	Amalthea Satellite
	extraterrestrial geology
	Ariel Satellite
	Callisto Satellite
	Dione Satellite
	Enceladus Satellite
	Europa Satellite
	Ganymede Satellite
	Io Satellite
	Hyperion Satellite
	Iapetus Satellite
	Janus Satellite
	Mimas Satel
SN	Added to Thesaurus in 1985.

Voyager Project
USE	Voyager Program

Voyvodina Yugoslavia
USE	Vojvodina Yugoslavia

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