Banakar, Virupaxa K. (2005): delta (super 13) C depleted oceans before the Termination 2; more nutrient-rich deep water formation or light-carbon transfer?

Leg/Site/Hole:
ODP 177
ODP 177 1088
ODP 177 1090
Identifier:
2006-039364
georefid

Creator:
Banakar, Virupaxa K.
National Institute of Oceanography, Geological Oceanography Division, Dona Paula, India
author

Identification:
delta (super 13) C depleted oceans before the Termination 2; more nutrient-rich deep water formation or light-carbon transfer?
2005
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
34
3
249-258
Carbon-isotopes (delta (super 13) C) composition of benthic foraminifera has been extensively used to understand the link between deep water circulation and climate. Equatorial Indian Ocean delta (super 13) C records of planktic- and benthic-foraminifera together show an unexplained shift in the long-term mean oceanic-delta (super 13) C around the penultimate glacial termination (T2: 132 ka). The time-series planktic- and benthic- species delta (super 13) C records exhibit two distinct mean-delta (super 13) C levels. The low mean-delta (super 13) C characterises the pre-T2 period (250 ka-132 ka), while the post-T2 ( approximately 95 ka - Present) period records high mean-delta (super 13) C, generating a one-time shift of approximately 0.4 per mil within the last approximately 250 kyr time-period. This shift is a result of consistently higher-delta (super 13) C in post-T2 glacial (and interglacial) periods as compared to the pre-T2 glacial (and interglacial) periods, and begins around the T2 ( approximately 132 ka), lasts until approximately 95 ka, and sustained through the T1. The normally observed glacial-interglacial delta (super 13) C variations of approximately 0.3 per mil occur as secondary fluctuations around the long-term primary mean-levels in the Indian Ocean, as well as in other oceans. The T2-delta (super 13) C shift appears to be an inherent feature of the world oceans although with certain timing offsets. Therefore, it should represent a fundamental change in deep-ocean circulation (nutrient) dynamics. But, the leading hypotheses of circulation-driven oceanic distribution of delta (super 13) C fail to explain the observed mean-delta (super 13) C shift. Therefore it is proposed that, in addition to changes in deep-water circulation, the oceans before T2 were characterised by significantly lower-delta (super 13) C than after. Such low-delta (super 13) C mean-ocean during the pre-T2 period might have been the result of significantly increased transfer of terrestrial light-carbon to the ocean reservoir due to changes in global wind patterns.
English
Serial
Coverage:Geographic coordinates:
North:-41.0810
West:13.3346East: 13.3346
South:-41.0810

Quaternary geology; Atlantic Ocean; C-13/C-12; carbon; Cenozoic; cores; Foraminifera; Invertebrata; isotope ratios; isotopes; Leg 177; marine sediments; microfossils; ocean circulation; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP Site 1088; ODP Site 1090; paleo-oceanography; paleoclimatology; paleoecology; paleoenvironment; Pleistocene; Protista; Quaternary; sediments; South Atlantic; stable isotopes; upper Quaternary; variations;

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