Koppers, Anthony A. P. et al. (2013): IODP Expedition 330; Drilling the Louisville Seamount Trail in the SW Pacific

Leg/Site/Hole:
IODP 330
IODP 330 U1372
IODP 330 U1373
IODP 330 U1374
IODP 330 U1375
IODP 330 U1376
IODP 330 U1377
Identifier:
2013-047785
georefid

10.2204/iodp.sd.15.02.2013
doi

Creator:
Koppers, Anthony A. P.
Oregon State University, College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Corvallis, OR, United States
author

Yamazaki, Toshitsugu
University of Tokyo, Japan
author

Geldmacher, Joerg
Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany
author

Anderson, Louise
author

Beier, Christoph
author

Buchs, David M.
author

Chen, Li-Hui
author

Cohen, Benjamin E.
author

Deschamps, Fabien
author

Dorais, Michael J.
author

Ebuna, Daniel
author

Ehmann, Sebastian
author

Fitton, J. Godfrey
author

Fulton, Patrick M.
author

Ganbat, Erdenesaikhan
author

Gee, Jeffrey S.
author

Hamelin, Cedric
author

Hanyu, Takeshi
author

Hoshi, Hiroyuki
author

Kalnins, Lara
author

Kell, Johnathon
author

Machida, Shiki
author

Mahoney, John J.
author

Moriya, Kazuyoshi
author

Nichols, Alexander R. L.
author

Pressling, Nicola
author

Rausch, Svenja
author

Sano, Shin-ichi
author

Sylvan, Jason B.
author

Williams, Rebecca
author

Identification:
IODP Expedition 330; Drilling the Louisville Seamount Trail in the SW Pacific
2013
Scientific Drilling
Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Sapporo; Washington, DC, International
15
11-22
Deep-Earth convection can be understood by studying hotspot volcanoes that form where mantle plumes rise up and intersect the lithosphere, the Earth's rigid outer layer. Hotspots characteristically leave age-progressive trails of volcanoes and seamounts on top of oceanic lithosphere, which in turn allow us to decipher the motion of these plates relative to "fixed" deep-mantle plumes, and their (isotope) geochemistry provides insights into the long-term evolution of mantle source regions. However, it is strongly suggested that the Hawaiian mantle plume moved approximately 15 degrees south between 80 and 50 million years ago. This raises a fundamental question about other hotspot systems in the Pacific, whether or not their mantle plumes experienced a similar amount and direction of motion. Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 330 to the Louisville Seamounts showed that the Louisville hotspot in the South Pacific behaved in a different manner, as its mantle plume remained more or less fixed around 48 degrees S latitude during that same time period. Our findings demonstrate that the Pacific hotspots move independently and that their trajectories may be controlled by differences in subduction zone geometry. Additionally, shipboard geochemistry data shows that, in contrast to Hawaiian volcanoes, the construction of the Louisville Seamounts doesn't involve a shield-building phase dominated by tholeiitic lavas, and trace elements confirm the rather homogenous nature of the Louisville mantle source. Both observations set Louisville apart from the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount trail, whereby the latter has been erupting abundant tholeiites (characteristically up to 95% in volume) and which exhibit a large variability in (isotope) geochemistry and their mantle source components
English
Coverage:Geographic coordinates:
North:-26.2936
West:-174.4345East: -168.3816
South:-38.1115

Solid-earth geophysics; basement; boreholes; Cenozoic; convection; cores; Cretaceous; crust; East Pacific; Expedition 330; hot spots; igneous rocks; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program; IODP Site U1372; IODP Site U1373; IODP Site U1374; IODP Site U1375; IODP Site U1376; IODP Site U1377; Louisville Ridge; mantle; mantle plumes; marine sediments; Mesozoic; ocean floors; oceanic crust; Pacific Ocean; Paleogene; paleolatitude; paleomagnetism; plate tectonics; seamounts; sediments; South Pacific; Southeast Pacific; Tertiary; volcanic rocks;

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